EPA-097-L101-02-204

098

31,333 千元

2008/01/01

2010/12/31

蔡俊銘

監資處

梁淑婷

中環科技事業股份有限公司

環境資訊系統

水質監測；水質標準；方法偵測極限

Water Quality Monitoring；Water Quality Standards；Method Detection Limit

賴映方

07-8152248#17

evonnelai0611@gmail.com

　　本計畫主要針對南區九縣市各類水體水質監測，掌握各水體水質時間變化趨勢，並進行各水體污染評估分析，以提供環保單位污染防治決策之參考。 　　河川水質計有31條河川主支流，109個監測站，於每月監測一次，今年度監測結果顯示，以曾文溪流域及屏東縣、台東縣境內河川水質狀況最佳，而將軍溪、二仁溪及阿公店溪流域屬嚴重污染等級佔較高比例。98年1月至5月皆無明顯降雨屬枯水期，河水乾涸，河川污染物濃度偏高，造成嚴重污染比例偏高，8月至10月則因降雨豐沛，懸浮固體偏高，以致未(稍)受污染程度偏低，中度污染程度超過50%。整體而言，今年度河川水水質以未(稍)受污染(33.3%)等級佔最高比例，中度污染等級(30.6%)次之，整體而言水質狀況與歷年差異不大。 　　海域水質計有8個沿海區域，42個監測站，於每季監測一次，各季沿岸測站受河口感潮影響，無機鹽類濃度較高，除東港溪出海口之溶氧量、氨氮測值外，其餘各季各測站測值均符合其所屬類別之海域海洋環境品質標準。第三季(98年8月)、第四季(98年10月)監測期間受到採樣前颱風過境降雨量增加之影響，鹽度、無機鹽類與歷年略有差異。 　　海灘水質計有6個休憩海域，18個監測站，於5月至9月監測，各梯次水質除8月10日至24日期間受颱風過境降雨沖刷影響，水質呈現普通等級外，其餘各梯次普遍均為優良等級，其中澎湖縣山水沙灘水質最佳。 　　水庫水質計有17個水庫，45個監測站，於每季監測一次，除嘉義縣蘭潭水庫、仁義潭水庫、曾文水庫、台南縣之烏山頭水庫及屏東縣之牡丹水庫普遍呈現普養狀態外，其餘各水庫均有超過一半的比例呈現優養狀態，其中以鳳山水庫優養情形最為嚴重。 　　地下水水質計有9縣市，202個監測井，各縣市超過監測基準之比率介於10%～90%，其中超過地下水第二類監測基準之項目與歷年結果相近，主要以氨氮、鐵及錳為主。各監測井之水質，以Stiff水質形狀圖方式評估，屬HCO3－+CO32－及Ca2＋凸出型佔最高比例約為60%，Piper圖解則屬I區佔最高比例約為60%，與近2年評析結果大致呈現一致趨勢。

水質監測；水質標準；方法偵測極限

EPA-97-L01-02-204(98年度).pdf

47MB

2010/3/1 上午 12:00:00

　　The main goal of this project is to monitor the water quality of nine cities and counties in the southern area of Taiwan, and to analyze the degree of pollution in various bodies of water so that trends in water quality can be observed. The result of this investigation can provide grounds for policy making to environmental protection authorities. 　　For river quality, 109 sampling sites covering 31 rivers (including main streams and tributaries) were monitored monthly. The results of 2009 showed that the water quality in the area of Zeng-Wen river, domestic rivers of Pingdong county and Taidong county were the best, the area of Jiang-Jun river, A-Gong-Dian river and Er-Ren river were found in relatively high extent of pollution. Since there was a major water shortage this year, specifically, a lack of rainfall from January to May, parts of some rivers were nearly dried up, so test results for most pollutants were high, and thus the percentage of serious pollution would tend to look high. Due to a lot of rainfall in August through October, the suspended solids in the rivers tend to be high thus the percentage of unpolluted rivers is low and over 50% of the results indicated the rivers were intermediately polluted. As a whole, the highest percentage of the water quality is 33.3%, it belongs to unpolluted rivers. Overall, water quality in this year is nondifference between the recent years. 　　For ocean monitoring, 42 sampling sites covering eight coastal areas were monitored quarterly. Since the river affected the estuary areas during high tide, the concentrations of the inorganic salts were high. The results of 2009 showed that most monitoring data could meet quality criteria of each category except the results of dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen monitored at estuary areas of Dong-Gang river. Because of typhoon coming before sampling period in 3rd quarter and 4th quarter, there are some index including salinity and inorganic salts different with the past results. 　　Eighteen sampling sites covering six beaches were monitored from May to September. The results of 2009 showed that most monitoring data could show excellent level. Due to a lot of rainfall at 10th August to 24th August, the results were showed common level. As a whole, Shan-Shui Beach had the best water quality. 　　Forty-five sampling sites covering 17 water reservoirs were monitored quarterly. The results of 2009 showed that most results of Lan-Tan Reservoir, Ren-Yi-Tan Reservoir, Zeng-Wen Reservoir, Wu-Shan-Tou Reservoir and Mu-Dan Reservoir were showed mesotrophic level. The other reservoirs belong to eutrophic level over 50%, Feng- Shan Reservoir where the water quality was the worst belonged to eutrophic level. 　　Ammonia nitrogen, iron, and manganese were the major analytes with results that reached the regulatory monitoring criteria in 202 ground water sampling sites for the nine cities and counties being monitored quarterly. The failing rates are between 10% to 90% for different cities and counties. To analyze graphically each monitoring item by Stiff-plotting and Piper-plotting showed a trend as same as last two years, there is no significant difference compared to the past. The highest percentage of Stiff-plotting and Piper-plotting is about 60%, it belongs to HCO3－+CO32─- Ca2＋ type and area of I.

Water Quality Monitoring；Water Quality Standards；Method Detection Limit