EPA-97-L101-02-202

098

30,000 千元

2008/01/01

2010/12/31

余建中

監資處

梁淑婷

精湛檢驗科技股份有限公司

環境資訊系統

水質監測，水質標準，方法偵測極限

Water Quality Monitoring, Water Quality Standards, Method Detection Limit

洪慧鈞

02-82280770#612

casey@lotun.com.tw

本計畫主要針對北區十縣市河川、海域、海灘、水庫、地下水等水體，進行定期水質監測及污染評估分析，掌握水體水質變化趨勢，以提供環保單位污染防治決策之參考。 河川水質計有36條河川主支流，134個監測站，於每月監測一次，今年度監測結果顯示，東北部宜蘭與花蓮普遍污染不大，未（稍）受污染比例佔67%，水質較佳；淡水河流域於上游水質較佳，下游之污染濃度較高，未（稍）受污染佔56%，嚴重污染佔9%；西北部桃園與新竹地區未（稍）受污染佔49%，嚴重污染佔6%，中度污染比例達38%，以頭前溪流域水質較佳，以南崁溪、老街溪、新豐溪及客雅溪流域污染較嚴重。整體而言，今年度河川水質屬未（稍）受污染等級佔最高比例為48%，中度污染等級次之佔36%，水質狀況與歷年差異不大。 海域水質計有8個沿海區域，43個監測站，於每季監測一次，各縣市沿海監測結果皆符合海洋環境品質標準。河口測站因受河川匯流影響，鹽度普遍較低及無機鹽類濃度較高，整體而言，非河口測站水質較河口測站為佳，東半部海域較西半部海域為佳，本島海域較外島海域為佳。 海灘水質計有6處海灘，18個監測站，於5月下旬至9月每一至兩週監測一次，各週次水質除除福隆海水浴場於7月20日曾受河川匯流與採樣前累積降雨影響，監測結果及試分級結果屬於不宜親水活動，及花蓮縣七星潭於7月13日之試分級結果亦屬於不宜親水活動之情形外，其餘之水質狀況均屬普通至優良。 水庫水質計有34個水庫，48個監測站，於每季監測一次，本島之新山、西勢、石門及寶山水庫大致屬於普養至優養，翡翠水庫屬於貧養至普養，外島金門及馬祖水庫多為優養。 地下水水質計有7縣市，130個監測井，各縣市超過監測基準之比率介於3%至68%，其中超過地下水第二類監測基準之項目與歷年結果相近，主要以氨氮、鐵及錳為主，亦與各環保單位歷年對台北盆地、桃園台地及新竹沿海地下水之監測結果相符合。各監測井之水質，以Stiff水質形狀圖方式評估，屬Ca2+及HCO3-凸出型佔最高比例約為65%，Piper圖解則屬I區佔最高比例約為70%，與近年之評析結果大致呈現一致趨勢。

水質監測，水質標準，方法偵測極限

97至99年環境水質北區監測計畫-98年度期末報告.pdf

57MB

2010/3/1 上午 12:00:00

This project carries on water quality monitoring to five kinds of water bodies of ten counties and cities in the northern Taiwan. The changes of water quality to the time and pollution assessment for those water bodies could be provided to the relevant environmental agencies for making a sound pollution control decision. For river quality, 134 sampling sites covering 36 rivers (including main streams and tributaries) were monitored monthly. The monitored results in water quality of rivers and creeks in 2009 showed that the water quality in Yilan and Hualien cities was good, the percentage of assessed result classified into the non(slight)-polluted grade was 67%; a critical difference between upstream and downstream water quality was shown in Danshuei-river, the downstream water quality got a high pollution concentration of organic matter, the percentage of assessed result in Danshuei-river classified into the non(slight)-polluted grade was 56%, the heavy-polluted grade was 9%; in Taoyuan and Hsinchu cities, Touchien-stream got the best water quality, the water quality in Nankan-stream, Laochieh-stream, Xinfeng-stream and Keya-stream was worse. The percentage of assessed result in Taoyuan & Hsinchu cities classified into the non(slight)-polluted grade was 49%, the heavy-polluted grade was 6%, the middle-polluted grade was up to 38%. As a whole, the highest percentage of the water quality was 48%, it belonged to unpolluted rivers. The secondary percentage of the water quality was 36%, it belonged to intermediately polluted rivers. Overall, water quality in this year was nondifference between the recent years. For ocean monitoring, 43 sampling sites covering 8 coastal areas were monitored quarterly. Since the estuary areas were affected by the river during high tide, the salinity were low, and the concentrations of the inorganic salts were high. The monitored results appeared that none was ever found exceeding their relative marine water quality standards in all marine regions. The water quality in eastern sea area was better than in western, Taiwan coastal waters was better than off-shore island waters and estuary. Eighteen sampling sites covering 6 beaches were monitored weekly or biweekly from May to September. Six beaches except the Fulong beach and Cisingtan Scenic Area were found exceeding the water quality standard on July 20 and July 13 because of the influence of river and rainfall, the water quality of six beaches was good. Forty-eight sampling sites covering 34 water reservoirs were monitored quarterly. The reservoir water quality monitoring results showed that reservoir in Feitsui Reservoir was oligotrophic to mesotrophic, and Keelung Reservoir, Shihmen Reservoir and Baoshan Reservoir were mesotrophic to eutrophic, and the reservoirs in Kin Men and Matsu were generally eutrophic. The 130 ground water sampling sites for 7 cities and counties were monitored quarterly. Ground water monitoring results showed that as usual, Ammonia-Nitrogen, Manganese and Iron were the major items against the Ground Water Monitoring Standard in second category. The failing rates were between 3% to 68% for different cities and counties. To analyze graphically each monitoring item by Stiff-plotting and Piper-plotting showed a trend as same as last sevesal years, there was no significant difference compared to the past. The highest percentage of Stiff-plotting and Piper-plotting was about 65% and 70%, it belonged to HCO3－- Ca2＋ type and area of I.

Water Quality Monitoring, Water Quality Standards, Method Detection Limit