環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	EPA-100-G104-02-239
經費年度	100
計畫經費	950 千元
專案開始日期	2011/06/15
專案結束日期	2011/12/31
專案主持人	鄭婉儀
主辦單位	水保處
承辦人	張志偉
執行單位	方達科技有限公司
專案分類	水質保護
中文關鍵字	總量管制;河川水質;模式模擬
英文關鍵字	Total Maximum Daily Load;TMDL, River water quality;QUAL2K
協同主持人	吳基銜
共同主持人
計畫聯絡人	鄭婉儀
計畫聯絡電話	02-23111002#188
計畫聯絡信箱	wanyi00514@gmail.com

中文摘要	為了環境的永續發展，美國針對河川的流域污染管理，除了採用許可制度來管制點污染排放源，更以總量管制的方式，進行整體的流域污染管理。本計畫援用美國加州河川水質總量管制的架構與方法，應用於老街溪流域作為研究案例之說明。為了建立老街溪總量管制之架構，本計畫目標包括: 1) 整合現有之文獻及數據，來模擬河川水質與點源及非點源廢水排放之互動。2) 因應本流域內高科技業的設立，來評估高科技廢水排放對老街溪所帶來之影響。3) 研擬相關許可證之要求及撰寫。本計畫主要重點在以污染總量管制的概念，來進行老街溪水體水質規劃，其計畫範圍勢必要包含集污區內，所有點源及非點源的管理。QUAL2K適用在模擬自然河川及人工渠道上的水理與水質的傳輸擴散作用，它可模擬河川水體的水質參數。本研究採用 QUAL2K作為模擬老街溪水理水質的模式，模擬老街溪水質情況包括點源及非點源廢水排放對老街溪水體的影響，並扣掉10% 之安全邊際值，計算出各污染主要排放點之日排放總量。水質模式的另一項功能是能夠推估額外的廢水排放對老街溪的影響。高科技業者若將大量的廢水排入老街溪上游，然因其承諾之污染濃度皆低於目前老街溪之水質，因此對老街溪本身之DO、BOD、SS和氨氮並無顯著之負面影響。對其他點源和非點源業者而言，因其總流量變大，雖然多加了高科技廢水之排放，各廢水類別的日排放總量，對比於未有高科技廢水排放前，還是稍有增加。因此，此高科技廢水若能對氨氮做更多的削減，則老街溪的水質改善應更為顯著。本團隊在老街溪流域進行的總量管制結果顯示：經由總量管制的研究，主管單位可以在設定階段性水質目標以及模擬計算後，預先分析應實施管制的區域、對象、以及其各階段應削減的污染量，如此，可以預先掌握管制的對象以及其可能影響的範圍，故總量管制是一個可導入作為河川流域管理的工具。然而，推行總量管制必須有其他的配套措施，故建議事項分述如下：一、逐步收集流域資、農業與蓄牧區、都市區及氣象資料等相關數據，以使總量管制對非點源污染之模擬與控管更為精確。二、建議蒐集並建立生態資料庫的並連結生物對污染物之涵容能力，做為生態保護的基準點。三、針對河川水體之使用，建議應進行較完整的調查，做為河川水質目標設定的基礎。
中文關鍵字	總量管制;河川水質;模式模擬

中文摘要

為了環境的永續發展，美國針對河川的流域污染管理，除了採用許可制度來管制點污染排放源，更以總量管制的方式，進行整體的流域污染管理。本計畫援用美國加州河川水質總量管制的架構與方法，應用於老街溪流域作為研究案例之說明。為了建立老街溪總量管制之架構，本計畫目標包括: 1) 整合現有之文獻及數據，來模擬河川水質與點源及非點源廢水排放之互動。2) 因應本流域內高科技業的設立，來評估高科技廢水排放對老街溪所帶來之影響。3) 研擬相關許可證之要求及撰寫。本計畫主要重點在以污染總量管制的概念，來進行老街溪水體水質規劃，其計畫範圍勢必要包含集污區內，所有點源及非點源的管理。QUAL2K適用在模擬自然河川及人工渠道上的水理與水質的傳輸擴散作用，它可模擬河川水體的水質參數。本研究採用 QUAL2K作為模擬老街溪水理水質的模式，模擬老街溪水質情況包括點源及非點源廢水排放對老街溪水體的影響，並扣掉10% 之安全邊際值，計算出各污染主要排放點之日排放總量。水質模式的另一項功能是能夠推估額外的廢水排放對老街溪的影響。高科技業者若將大量的廢水排入老街溪上游，然因其承諾之污染濃度皆低於目前老街溪之水質，因此對老街溪本身之DO、BOD、SS和氨氮並無顯著之負面影響。對其他點源和非點源業者而言，因其總流量變大，雖然多加了高科技廢水之排放，各廢水類別的日排放總量，對比於未有高科技廢水排放前，還是稍有增加。因此，此高科技廢水若能對氨氮做更多的削減，則老街溪的水質改善應更為顯著。本團隊在老街溪流域進行的總量管制結果顯示：經由總量管制的研究，主管單位可以在設定階段性水質目標以及模擬計算後，預先分析應實施管制的區域、對象、以及其各階段應削減的污染量，如此，可以預先掌握管制的對象以及其可能影響的範圍，故總量管制是一個可導入作為河川流域管理的工具。然而，推行總量管制必須有其他的配套措施，故建議事項分述如下：一、逐步收集流域資、農業與蓄牧區、都市區及氣象資料等相關數據，以使總量管制對非點源污染之模擬與控管更為精確。二、建議蒐集並建立生態資料庫的並連結生物對污染物之涵容能力，做為生態保護的基準點。三、針對河川水體之使用，建議應進行較完整的調查，做為河川水質目標設定的基礎。

中文關鍵字

總量管制;河川水質;模式模擬

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	EPA-100-G104-02-239.pdf	7MB		2012/3/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	Laogei Creek, located in Tao-Yuan County, has been contaminated with multiple contaminants due to the establishment of designated industrial areas, randomly distributed animal farms and agricultural fields, and lack of sewer connections for discharge of municipal wastewater. The quality water of Laogei Creek has deteriorated throughout the years. Therefore, Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) has identified Laogei Creek as a priority to improve its water quality with the goal of no odor and sufficient dissolved oxygen (DO), and decided to develop a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for DO, suspended solids (SS), ammonia (NH3-N) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) for the Laogei Creek watershed, as the pioneer project to set up a TMDL framework. To establish the framework for TMDL for Laogei Creek, this project has goals as follows. 1) Based on the existing literature and data collection, we have constructed the inter-relationship between the water quality and the wastewater discharges from point and nonpoint sources. 2) We have estimated the impact of the additional wastewater discharges from the newly developed high-tech industry in the Laogei Creek watershed. 3) We have set up a standard procedure to regulate and to permit the party involved in wastewater discharges. This project mainly focused to regulate the water quality control of Laogei Creek by establishing a TMDL for all possible contaminants. This project analyzed wastewater discharges from the point and nonpoint sources, such as agricultural and stormwater runoff, to set up a model for further permitting. QUAL2K has been generally applied to simulate the effect of hydrological coefficients and water quality of natural water bodies and artificial channels on the function of transport or diffusion. QUAL2K, a one-dimension model, can be used to estimate such hydrological coefficients of water bodies and sustainable balance. This project has adopted QUAL2K to simulate the hydrology and water quality of Laogei Creek. The model was trained provide a linkage between the discharge from point and nonpoint sources, and the receiving water. The model is used to calculate the wasteload allocations (WLA) for point sources and load allocation (LA) for nonpoint sources for SS, NH3-N and BOD, each with the consideration of 10% margin of safety (MOS). Besides, a water quality model can be used to assess the environmental impact from additional high-tech wastewater discharges as well as to estimate wasteload and load allocations. The high-tech wastewater was proposed to be discharged to upstream Laogei Creek. Based on the volume and the concentrations of constituents committed by two companies, the discharge of the wastewater would not cause adverse impact. On the contrary, it slightly increases the WLA and LA for BOD and NH3-N due to the increase of the flow volume. Concentration of NH3-N in Laojei Creek would also improve if the high tech industries can commit to reducing the concentration of NH3-N at the effluents. It is suggested that more information regarding the land use, soil composition, unban stormwater runoff, and weather to be collected. It would also be beneficiary to understand the ecological systems in watershed, which to be considered as important uses, and to be used to determine the practical water quality objective for beneficial uses protection. To ensure the effectiveness of the TMDL, additional monitoring shall be required. This project also identifies and suggests the necessary update of industrial permit to accommodate new effluent limits and sampling requirements.
英文關鍵字	Total Maximum Daily Load;TMDL, River water quality;QUAL2K

摘要

Laogei Creek, located in Tao-Yuan County, has been contaminated with multiple contaminants due to the establishment of designated industrial areas, randomly distributed animal farms and agricultural fields, and lack of sewer connections for discharge of municipal wastewater. The quality water of Laogei Creek has deteriorated throughout the years. Therefore, Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) has identified Laogei Creek as a priority to improve its water quality with the goal of no odor and sufficient dissolved oxygen (DO), and decided to develop a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for DO, suspended solids (SS), ammonia (NH3-N) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) for the Laogei Creek watershed, as the pioneer project to set up a TMDL framework. To establish the framework for TMDL for Laogei Creek, this project has goals as follows. 1) Based on the existing literature and data collection, we have constructed the inter-relationship between the water quality and the wastewater discharges from point and nonpoint sources. 2) We have estimated the impact of the additional wastewater discharges from the newly developed high-tech industry in the Laogei Creek watershed. 3) We have set up a standard procedure to regulate and to permit the party involved in wastewater discharges. This project mainly focused to regulate the water quality control of Laogei Creek by establishing a TMDL for all possible contaminants. This project analyzed wastewater discharges from the point and nonpoint sources, such as agricultural and stormwater runoff, to set up a model for further permitting. QUAL2K has been generally applied to simulate the effect of hydrological coefficients and water quality of natural water bodies and artificial channels on the function of transport or diffusion. QUAL2K, a one-dimension model, can be used to estimate such hydrological coefficients of water bodies and sustainable balance. This project has adopted QUAL2K to simulate the hydrology and water quality of Laogei Creek. The model was trained provide a linkage between the discharge from point and nonpoint sources, and the receiving water. The model is used to calculate the wasteload allocations (WLA) for point sources and load allocation (LA) for nonpoint sources for SS, NH3-N and BOD, each with the consideration of 10% margin of safety (MOS). Besides, a water quality model can be used to assess the environmental impact from additional high-tech wastewater discharges as well as to estimate wasteload and load allocations. The high-tech wastewater was proposed to be discharged to upstream Laogei Creek. Based on the volume and the concentrations of constituents committed by two companies, the discharge of the wastewater would not cause adverse impact. On the contrary, it slightly increases the WLA and LA for BOD and NH3-N due to the increase of the flow volume. Concentration of NH3-N in Laojei Creek would also improve if the high tech industries can commit to reducing the concentration of NH3-N at the effluents. It is suggested that more information regarding the land use, soil composition, unban stormwater runoff, and weather to be collected. It would also be beneficiary to understand the ecological systems in watershed, which to be considered as important uses, and to be used to determine the practical water quality objective for beneficial uses protection. To ensure the effectiveness of the TMDL, additional monitoring shall be required. This project also identifies and suggests the necessary update of industrial permit to accommodate new effluent limits and sampling requirements.

英文關鍵字

Total Maximum Daily Load;TMDL, River water quality;QUAL2K