環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	EPA-1001602-02-01
經費年度	101
計畫經費	4,800 千元
專案開始日期	2011/04/01
專案結束日期	2011/12/31
專案主持人	蔡春進
主辦單位	環檢所
承辦人	陳重方
執行單位	國立交通大學環境工程研究所
專案分類	環境監測及檢測、環境資訊系統
中文關鍵字	奈米微粒採樣及化學分析、奈米微粒質量平衡、奈米物質環境安全衛生、奈米微粒吸入毒性測試平台、PAHs 固氣分離器
英文關鍵字	nanoparticle sampling and analysis, mass closure of nanoparticles, EHS of nanomaterials, nanotoxicity, PAHs denuder.
協同主持人
共同主持人	楊錫賢，許世傑
計畫聯絡人	林思帆
計畫聯絡電話	03-5712121#55549
計畫聯絡信箱	sihfanlin@gmail.com

中文摘要	本研究參考ISO 10801與ISO 10808的標準，建立一套奈米物質吸入毒性試驗用的奈米微粒產生、監測、檢測及化學分析平台，產生的微粒分別為銀與氧化鋅微粒。本研究使用PSL標準微粒與銀微粒分別對SMPS的粒徑與數目濃度進行校正與比對，結果顯示SMPS可正確地量測微粒粒徑與數目濃度，誤差皆在5 %內。進一步使用FMPS與SMPS進行粒徑分佈的量測比對，發現團聚微粒會造成兩台儀器量測值的誤差，當微粒形貌越趨近於球型時，量測值越接近。以氣膠微粒質量分析儀(APM)量測電移動度粒徑在 20-120 nm的銀微粒有效密度的結果發現，有效密度會隨著燒結溫度 (100-500 o C)提高而逐漸趨向銀塊材密度(10.53 g/cm 3 )，以20 nm及120 nm的微粒為例，其有效密度分別由7.56上升至10.51 g/cm 3 及由0.98上升至1.89 g/cm 3 。本研究已順利研發出噴嘴較MSP原廠MODUI平滑的NCTU大氣奈米微粒採樣器。實驗室內的微粒收集效率曲線校正結果顯示，相較於MSP MOUDI，NCTU大氣奈米微粒採樣器的第7至9階衝擊器的d pa50 更接近 MOUDI原始的設計值。微粒損失的結果則顯示，奈米微粒在NCTU大氣奈米微粒採樣器內部的損失略低於MSP MOUDI。由高濃度微粒負荷的實驗則可看出，本研究自製的噴嘴板確實可有效地降低微粒阻塞的情形。現場採樣比對的結果也顯示，NCTU大氣奈米微粒採樣器及MSP MODUI所測得的微粒質量分布相當接近。本研究將新莊、中山及竹東三個空品測站的採樣結果和各個空氣品質監測站(air quality monitoring stations, AQMS)的氣象及汙染物監測值做相互的時序比對及分析，全部樣本也由本計畫合作單位中央研究院環境變遷中心利用ICP-MS方法分析各個樣本的金屬成分。此外，本研究所採集的PM 10 及PM 2.5 質量也和AQMS及中央大學(National Central University, NCU)PM 2.5 計畫的結果進行比對，AQMS所測得的PM 10 及PM 2.5 濃度較本研究的採樣濃度高出約40 %，而NCU PM 2.5 的結果則較本研究低了17 %。本計畫已開發出空氣奈米微粒中PAHs的採樣系統，由環型擴散採樣管 (AD)、MOUDI及聚氨基甲酸酯泡棉(PUF)所串聯所組成。目前已完成AD對氣相PAHs的收集效率和奈米微粒樣本中PAHs之正負向偏差及環形擴散管內微粒損失之評估，以及AD-MOUDI-PUF的大氣PAHs採樣。結果顯示，若使用環形擴散採樣管移除氣相PAHs時，會使得MOUDI的PM 0.1 濾紙上 .15PAHs濃度採樣結果較為正確, 但若未經環形擴散採樣管移除氣相PAHs 時會使得大量氣相PAHs進入濾紙後端的PUF, 造成正採樣誤差，如使用石英濾紙採樣時PM 0.1 之.15PAHs約有50%之採樣誤差。
中文關鍵字	奈米微粒採樣及化學分析、奈米微粒質量平衡、奈米物質環境安全衛生、奈米微粒吸入毒性測試平台、PAHs 固氣分離器

中文摘要

本研究參考ISO 10801與ISO 10808的標準，建立一套奈米物質吸入毒性試驗用的奈米微粒產生、監測、檢測及化學分析平台，產生的微粒分別為銀與氧化鋅微粒。本研究使用PSL標準微粒與銀微粒分別對SMPS的粒徑與數目濃度進行校正與比對，結果顯示SMPS可正確地量測微粒粒徑與數目濃度，誤差皆在5 %內。進一步使用FMPS與SMPS進行粒徑分佈的量測比對，發現團聚微粒會造成兩台儀器量測值的誤差，當微粒形貌越趨近於球型時，量測值越接近。以氣膠微粒質量分析儀(APM)量測電移動度粒徑在 20-120 nm的銀微粒有效密度的結果發現，有效密度會隨著燒結溫度 (100-500 o C)提高而逐漸趨向銀塊材密度(10.53 g/cm 3 )，以20 nm及120 nm的微粒為例，其有效密度分別由7.56上升至10.51 g/cm 3 及由0.98上升至1.89 g/cm 3 。本研究已順利研發出噴嘴較MSP原廠MODUI平滑的NCTU大氣奈米微粒採樣器。實驗室內的微粒收集效率曲線校正結果顯示，相較於MSP MOUDI，NCTU大氣奈米微粒採樣器的第7至9階衝擊器的d pa50 更接近 MOUDI原始的設計值。微粒損失的結果則顯示，奈米微粒在NCTU大氣奈米微粒採樣器內部的損失略低於MSP MOUDI。由高濃度微粒負荷的實驗則可看出，本研究自製的噴嘴板確實可有效地降低微粒阻塞的情形。現場採樣比對的結果也顯示，NCTU大氣奈米微粒採樣器及MSP MODUI所測得的微粒質量分布相當接近。本研究將新莊、中山及竹東三個空品測站的採樣結果和各個空氣品質監測站(air quality monitoring stations, AQMS)的氣象及汙染物監測值做相互的時序比對及分析，全部樣本也由本計畫合作單位中央研究院環境變遷中心利用ICP-MS方法分析各個樣本的金屬成分。此外，本研究所採集的PM 10 及PM 2.5 質量也和AQMS及中央大學(National Central University, NCU)PM 2.5 計畫的結果進行比對，AQMS所測得的PM 10 及PM 2.5 濃度較本研究的採樣濃度高出約40 %，而NCU PM 2.5 的結果則較本研究低了17 %。本計畫已開發出空氣奈米微粒中PAHs的採樣系統，由環型擴散採樣管 (AD)、MOUDI及聚氨基甲酸酯泡棉(PUF)所串聯所組成。目前已完成AD對氣相PAHs的收集效率和奈米微粒樣本中PAHs之正負向偏差及環形擴散管內微粒損失之評估，以及AD-MOUDI-PUF的大氣PAHs採樣。結果顯示，若使用環形擴散採樣管移除氣相PAHs時，會使得MOUDI的PM 0.1 濾紙上 .15PAHs濃度採樣結果較為正確, 但若未經環形擴散採樣管移除氣相PAHs 時會使得大量氣相PAHs進入濾紙後端的PUF, 造成正採樣誤差，如使用石英濾紙採樣時PM 0.1 之.15PAHs約有50%之採樣誤差。

中文關鍵字

奈米微粒採樣及化學分析、奈米微粒質量平衡、奈米物質環境安全衛生、奈米微粒吸入毒性測試平台、PAHs 固氣分離器

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	100年度環境中奈米物質量測特性分.pdf	18MB		2015/4/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	By referring to the ISO standard of 10801 and 10808, this study developed an analytics platform which enables the generation, monitoring, measurement and chemical analysis of nanoparticles intended to be used for inhalation toxicity test. Silver and Zinc oxide were used in this analytic platform. Before characterizing particles in platform, the standardized PSL and silver particle were used to calibrate and compare the particle size distribution and number concentration measured by the SMPS. Results show that the SMPS measures the particle size distribution and number concentrations accurately with a maximum deviation of 5 % to the nominal diameter of the PSL particle. The performance of FMPS was also evaluated by comparing its size distribution measurement of silver aggregate particles with validated SMPS. Results indicate that the difference between these two instruments is mainly influenced by the particle morphology, where the measurements were more correlated as the particle morphology more approach to sphere. The effective density of silver monodisperse particles ranging from 20 to 120 nm was measured by the APM. It was found the effective density increased with increasing sintering temperature and approached to the silver bulk density of 10.53 g/cm3 when the sintering temperature was raised to 500 oC. For example, the particle effective density of 20 and 120 nm was increased from 7.56 to 10.51 g/cm3 and 0.98 to 1.89 g/cm3 , respectively, when the sintering temperature was raised from 100 to 500oC. A NCTU micro-orifice cascade impactor (MCI) whose nozzles are smoother than those of the MSP nozzle plates was developed. Calibration results show that the d pa50 of the 7, 8 and 9-th stage of the MCI are 319, 181 and 96 nm, which are more close to the nominal value as compared to the MSP MOUCI. Particle loss tests show that the inter stage losses of the NCTU MCI are less than those of the MSP MOUDI. No clogging in the new nozzle plate was observed after high concentration particle loading. Field sampling results show that the mass distribution measured by the NCTU MCI is agreed well with those by the MSP MOUDI. The sampling results conducted at Xinzhuang, Zhongshan and Zhudong air quality monitoring stations (AQMS) were analyzed with the real-time meteorological and pollution data obtained from AQMS. All the samples were also distributed to Dr. Shiu of Research Center of Environmental Changes to conduct the metal analysis by using the LA-ICP-MS or ICP-MS. The PM 2.5 mass data of present study were compared with those of the PM 2.5 sampling project conducted by the National Central University (NCU) and AQMS. Results show that both of the PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations measured by the AQMS are 40 % higher than those of the present study and the PM 2.5 concentrations measured by the NCU are 17 % lower than the present study. A PAH sampling system which composed of AD, MOUDI and PUF in series was developed. The collection efficiency of gaseous PAH, positive and negative artifacts and particle loss for the AD and the sampling performance of the AD-MOUDI-PUF were evaluated. Results show that more accurate results with .15PAHs concentration on PM 0.1 filter in the MOUDI will obtained when the AD was used to remove gaseous PAHs. A large amount of gaseous PAHs will absorb by the PUF and further lead to the positive artifacts without the AD. For example, 50 % positive artifacts will be created while quartz fiber filter was employed.
英文關鍵字	nanoparticle sampling and analysis, mass closure of nanoparticles, EHS of nanomaterials, nanotoxicity, PAHs denuder.

摘要

By referring to the ISO standard of 10801 and 10808, this study developed an analytics platform which enables the generation, monitoring, measurement and chemical analysis of nanoparticles intended to be used for inhalation toxicity test. Silver and Zinc oxide were used in this analytic platform. Before characterizing particles in platform, the standardized PSL and silver particle were used to calibrate and compare the particle size distribution and number concentration measured by the SMPS. Results show that the SMPS measures the particle size distribution and number concentrations accurately with a maximum deviation of 5 % to the nominal diameter of the PSL particle. The performance of FMPS was also evaluated by comparing its size distribution measurement of silver aggregate particles with validated SMPS. Results indicate that the difference between these two instruments is mainly influenced by the particle morphology, where the measurements were more correlated as the particle morphology more approach to sphere. The effective density of silver monodisperse particles ranging from 20 to 120 nm was measured by the APM. It was found the effective density increased with increasing sintering temperature and approached to the silver bulk density of 10.53 g/cm3 when the sintering temperature was raised to 500 oC. For example, the particle effective density of 20 and 120 nm was increased from 7.56 to 10.51 g/cm3 and 0.98 to 1.89 g/cm3 , respectively, when the sintering temperature was raised from 100 to 500oC. A NCTU micro-orifice cascade impactor (MCI) whose nozzles are smoother than those of the MSP nozzle plates was developed. Calibration results show that the d pa50 of the 7, 8 and 9-th stage of the MCI are 319, 181 and 96 nm, which are more close to the nominal value as compared to the MSP MOUCI. Particle loss tests show that the inter stage losses of the NCTU MCI are less than those of the MSP MOUDI. No clogging in the new nozzle plate was observed after high concentration particle loading. Field sampling results show that the mass distribution measured by the NCTU MCI is agreed well with those by the MSP MOUDI. The sampling results conducted at Xinzhuang, Zhongshan and Zhudong air quality monitoring stations (AQMS) were analyzed with the real-time meteorological and pollution data obtained from AQMS. All the samples were also distributed to Dr. Shiu of Research Center of Environmental Changes to conduct the metal analysis by using the LA-ICP-MS or ICP-MS. The PM 2.5 mass data of present study were compared with those of the PM 2.5 sampling project conducted by the National Central University (NCU) and AQMS. Results show that both of the PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations measured by the AQMS are 40 % higher than those of the present study and the PM 2.5 concentrations measured by the NCU are 17 % lower than the present study. A PAH sampling system which composed of AD, MOUDI and PUF in series was developed. The collection efficiency of gaseous PAH, positive and negative artifacts and particle loss for the AD and the sampling performance of the AD-MOUDI-PUF were evaluated. Results show that more accurate results with .15PAHs concentration on PM 0.1 filter in the MOUDI will obtained when the AD was used to remove gaseous PAHs. A large amount of gaseous PAHs will absorb by the PUF and further lead to the positive artifacts without the AD. For example, 50 % positive artifacts will be created while quartz fiber filter was employed.

英文關鍵字

nanoparticle sampling and analysis, mass closure of nanoparticles, EHS of nanomaterials, nanotoxicity, PAHs denuder.