環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	EPA-101-E3S4-02-01
經費年度	101
計畫經費	2,150 千元
專案開始日期	2012/01/20
專案結束日期	2012/12/31
專案主持人	陳家揚
主辦單位	環檢所
承辦人	陳麗霞
執行單位	臺灣大學公共衛生學系環境衛生研究所
專案分類	環境監測及檢測
中文關鍵字	農藥;液相層析串聯式質譜儀;飲用水;表面水;固相萃取
英文關鍵字	Pesticides;LC-MS/MS;drinking water;surface water;solid-phase extraction
協同主持人	龍世俊
共同主持人
計畫聯絡人	陳家揚
計畫聯絡電話	02-33668101#
計畫聯絡信箱	dbms@ntu.edu.tw

中文摘要	農藥的施用範圍包含了農作物生產、雜草的控制以及消除對公共健康有害之生物。農藥施用後可經由雨水沖刷或空氣沈降至河川、地下水及土壤等環境中，故其對於水中生物或人體健康的影響值得關注。本計畫根據環保署法規管制項目及環保署公告檢測方法項目等原則，本年度選取共102種待測物，包括62種殺蟲劑、8種殺菌劑、28種除草劑、1種殺蟎劑、1種殺線蟲劑，與2種其它化合物。待測物名單包括acephate (歐殺松)、azinphos-methyl (谷速松)、bromophos-ethyl (乙基溴磷松)、carbophenothion (加芬松)、chlorpyrifos (陶斯松)、demeton (內吸磷)、demeton-S-methyl (滅賜松)、diazinon (大利松)、dichlorvos (二氯松)、dicrotophos (雙特松)、dimethoate (大滅松)、disulfoton (二硫松)、EPN (一品松)、ethoprophos (普扶松)、fenamiphos sulfoxide (芬滅松亞碸)、fenamiphos sulfone (芬滅松碸)、fenitrothion (樸滅松)、fenthion (芬殺松)、fonofos (大福松)、isoxathion (加福松)、malathion (馬拉松)、methamidophos (達馬松)、methidathion (滅大松)、mevinphos (美文松)、monocrotophos (亞素靈)、oxydemeton-methyl (滅多松)、parathion (巴拉松)、phenthoate (賽達松)、phorate (福瑞松)、phosalone (裕必松)、phosmet (易滅松)、pirimiphos-methyl (亞特松)、profenofos (佈飛松)、quinalphos (喹硫磷)、temephos (亞培松)、terbufos (托福松)、triazophos (三落松)、trichlorfon (三氯松)、aldicarb (得滅克)、aldicarb sulfoxide (得滅克亞碸)、aldicarb sulfone (得滅克碸)、benfuracarb (免扶克)、carbaryl (加保利)、cartap (培丹)、carbofuran (加保扶)、3-hydroxycarbofuran (3-羥基加保扶)、carbosulfan (丁基加保扶)、ethiofencarb (愛芬克)、fenobucarb (丁基滅必蝨)、isoprocarb (滅必蝨)、methiocarb (滅賜克)、methomyl (納乃得)、oxamyl (歐殺滅)、pirimicarb (比加普)、propoxur (安丹)、thiofanox (硫伐隆)、cypermethrin (亞滅寧)、deltamethrin (第滅寧)、fenpropathrin (芬普寧)、fenvalerate (芬化利)、permethrin (百滅寧)、tau-fluvalinate (福化利) 、carbendazim (貝芬替)、edifenphos (護粒松)、hexaconazole (菲克利)、iprobenfos (丙基喜樂松)、metalaxyl (滅達樂)、pencycuron (賓克隆)、prochloraz (樸克拉)、thiophanate-methyl (甲基多保淨) 、2,4-D (2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸)、2,4-DB (2,4-二氯苯氧基丁酸)、2,4,5-T (2,4,5-三氯酚氧丙酸)、2,4,5-TP(Silvex) (2,4,5-三氯酚氧乙酸)、alachlor (拉草)、atrazine (草脫淨)、atrazine-desethyl (二丁基阿特拉律)、atrazine-desethyl-desisoropyl (脫乙基脫異丙基阿特拉津)、atrazine-desisoropyl (去異丙基莠去津)、butachlor (丁基拉草)、cyanazine (氰乃淨)、dalapon (得拉本)、dicamba (2-甲氧基-3,6-二氯苯甲酸)、dichloroprop (2-(2,4-二氯苯甲氧基)丙酸)、dinoseb (達諾殺)、diquat (敵草快)、diuron (達有龍)、glufosinate (固殺草)、isoproturon (異丙隆)、linuron (理有龍)、MCPA (2-甲基-4-氯苯氧基乙酸)、MCPP (2-(4-氯-2甲基酚氧基)丙酸)、mefenacet (滅芬草)、metolachor (莫多草)、molinate (稻得壯)、pendimethalin (施得圃)、propazine (普拔根)、simazine (草滅淨)、ethion (愛殺松)、ethoprop (普伏松)、chloral hydrate (氯醛合水)、quinoline (喹啉)，完成前處理技術開發以及液相層析/質譜/質譜儀分析方法建立。 500 mL水樣以PolarPlus C18 (50 mm)固相圓盤萃取，以甲醇及二氯甲烷沖提，沖提液經濃縮至5 mL後，以極致液相層析儀(ultra-performance liquid chromatography, UPLC)搭配串聯式質譜儀以電灑游離（ESI）分析。正電荷離子使用Phenomenex Kinetex PFP(50 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm)管柱分析，負電荷則為Ascentis Express C18(50 × 2.1 mm, 2.7 μm)。採樣地點為雲嘉南主要河川北港溪、八掌溪、及鹽水溪之本流以及其重要支流，以及南部地區田間溝渠、一座水庫、一座淨水廠與一座生活污水處理廠，共計35個樣本。水體檢測結果顯示，北港溪流域檢出率較高，尤其是後寮村，最高濃度為carbendazim (8.7 μg/L)。污水廠、淨水廠與水庫水樣之待測物濃度低於定量極限(LOQ, 0.5 μg/L)，且大多為未檢出，但除草劑中pendimethalin於污水廠水體有略高殘留量。檢測結果與農藥原體之使用量有正向相關，使用量越高之農藥，待測物於水體中檢出率相對較高。
中文關鍵字	農藥;液相層析串聯式質譜儀;飲用水;表面水;固相萃取

中文摘要

農藥的施用範圍包含了農作物生產、雜草的控制以及消除對公共健康有害之生物。農藥施用後可經由雨水沖刷或空氣沈降至河川、地下水及土壤等環境中，故其對於水中生物或人體健康的影響值得關注。本計畫根據環保署法規管制項目及環保署公告檢測方法項目等原則，本年度選取共102種待測物，包括62種殺蟲劑、8種殺菌劑、28種除草劑、1種殺蟎劑、1種殺線蟲劑，與2種其它化合物。待測物名單包括acephate (歐殺松)、azinphos-methyl (谷速松)、bromophos-ethyl (乙基溴磷松)、carbophenothion (加芬松)、chlorpyrifos (陶斯松)、demeton (內吸磷)、demeton-S-methyl (滅賜松)、diazinon (大利松)、dichlorvos (二氯松)、dicrotophos (雙特松)、dimethoate (大滅松)、disulfoton (二硫松)、EPN (一品松)、ethoprophos (普扶松)、fenamiphos sulfoxide (芬滅松亞碸)、fenamiphos sulfone (芬滅松碸)、fenitrothion (樸滅松)、fenthion (芬殺松)、fonofos (大福松)、isoxathion (加福松)、malathion (馬拉松)、methamidophos (達馬松)、methidathion (滅大松)、mevinphos (美文松)、monocrotophos (亞素靈)、oxydemeton-methyl (滅多松)、parathion (巴拉松)、phenthoate (賽達松)、phorate (福瑞松)、phosalone (裕必松)、phosmet (易滅松)、pirimiphos-methyl (亞特松)、profenofos (佈飛松)、quinalphos (喹硫磷)、temephos (亞培松)、terbufos (托福松)、triazophos (三落松)、trichlorfon (三氯松)、aldicarb (得滅克)、aldicarb sulfoxide (得滅克亞碸)、aldicarb sulfone (得滅克碸)、benfuracarb (免扶克)、carbaryl (加保利)、cartap (培丹)、carbofuran (加保扶)、3-hydroxycarbofuran (3-羥基加保扶)、carbosulfan (丁基加保扶)、ethiofencarb (愛芬克)、fenobucarb (丁基滅必蝨)、isoprocarb (滅必蝨)、methiocarb (滅賜克)、methomyl (納乃得)、oxamyl (歐殺滅)、pirimicarb (比加普)、propoxur (安丹)、thiofanox (硫伐隆)、cypermethrin (亞滅寧)、deltamethrin (第滅寧)、fenpropathrin (芬普寧)、fenvalerate (芬化利)、permethrin (百滅寧)、tau-fluvalinate (福化利) 、carbendazim (貝芬替)、edifenphos (護粒松)、hexaconazole (菲克利)、iprobenfos (丙基喜樂松)、metalaxyl (滅達樂)、pencycuron (賓克隆)、prochloraz (樸克拉)、thiophanate-methyl (甲基多保淨) 、2,4-D (2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸)、2,4-DB (2,4-二氯苯氧基丁酸)、2,4,5-T (2,4,5-三氯酚氧丙酸)、2,4,5-TP(Silvex) (2,4,5-三氯酚氧乙酸)、alachlor (拉草)、atrazine (草脫淨)、atrazine-desethyl (二丁基阿特拉律)、atrazine-desethyl-desisoropyl (脫乙基脫異丙基阿特拉津)、atrazine-desisoropyl (去異丙基莠去津)、butachlor (丁基拉草)、cyanazine (氰乃淨)、dalapon (得拉本)、dicamba (2-甲氧基-3,6-二氯苯甲酸)、dichloroprop (2-(2,4-二氯苯甲氧基)丙酸)、dinoseb (達諾殺)、diquat (敵草快)、diuron (達有龍)、glufosinate (固殺草)、isoproturon (異丙隆)、linuron (理有龍)、MCPA (2-甲基-4-氯苯氧基乙酸)、MCPP (2-(4-氯-2甲基酚氧基)丙酸)、mefenacet (滅芬草)、metolachor (莫多草)、molinate (稻得壯)、pendimethalin (施得圃)、propazine (普拔根)、simazine (草滅淨)、ethion (愛殺松)、ethoprop (普伏松)、chloral hydrate (氯醛合水)、quinoline (喹啉)，完成前處理技術開發以及液相層析/質譜/質譜儀分析方法建立。 500 mL水樣以PolarPlus C18 (50 mm)固相圓盤萃取，以甲醇及二氯甲烷沖提，沖提液經濃縮至5 mL後，以極致液相層析儀(ultra-performance liquid chromatography, UPLC)搭配串聯式質譜儀以電灑游離（ESI）分析。正電荷離子使用Phenomenex Kinetex PFP(50 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm)管柱分析，負電荷則為Ascentis Express C18(50 × 2.1 mm, 2.7 μm)。採樣地點為雲嘉南主要河川北港溪、八掌溪、及鹽水溪之本流以及其重要支流，以及南部地區田間溝渠、一座水庫、一座淨水廠與一座生活污水處理廠，共計35個樣本。水體檢測結果顯示，北港溪流域檢出率較高，尤其是後寮村，最高濃度為carbendazim (8.7 μg/L)。污水廠、淨水廠與水庫水樣之待測物濃度低於定量極限(LOQ, 0.5 μg/L)，且大多為未檢出，但除草劑中pendimethalin於污水廠水體有略高殘留量。檢測結果與農藥原體之使用量有正向相關，使用量越高之農藥，待測物於水體中檢出率相對較高。

中文關鍵字

農藥;液相層析串聯式質譜儀;飲用水;表面水;固相萃取

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	101年水中超微量有機物檢測技術建立研究期末報告(訂稿本).pdf	9MB	期末報告書	2013/2/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	Pesticides have been used widely on crops, inhibition of weed growth, and pest control. Pesticides and their metabolites may enter the water environment through runoff or air deposition, and their impact on human health and aquatic creatures deserve attentions. This study developed and validated a method to analyze 102 pesticides using high-flow solid-phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Analytes included 62 insecticides, 8 fungicides, 28 herbicides, 1 acaricides, 1 nematocides and two others, which were acephate、azinphos-methyl、bromophos-ethyl、carbophenothion、chlorpyrifos、demeton、demeton-S-methyl、diazinon、dichlorvos、dicrotophos、dimethoate、disulfoton、EPN、ethoprophos、fenamiphos sulfoxide、fenamiphos sulfone、fenitrothion、fenthion、fonofos、isoxathion、malathion、methamidophos、methidathion、mevinphos、monocrotophos、oxydemeton-methyl、parathion、phenthoate、phorate、phosalone、phosmet、pirimiphos-methyl、profenofos、quinalphos、temephos、terbufos、triazophos、trichlorfon、aldicarb、aldicarb sulfoxide、aldicarb sulfone、benfuracarb、carbaryl、cartap、carbofuran、3-hydroxycarbofuran、carbosulfan、ethiofencarb、fenobucarb、isoprocarb、methiocarb、methomyl、oxamyl、pirimicarb、propoxur、thiofanox、cypermethrin、deltamethrin、fenpropathrin、fenvalerate、permethrin、tau-fluvalinate、carbendazim、edifenphos、hexaconazole、iprobenfos、metalaxyl、pencycuron、prochloraz、thiophanate-methyl、2,4-D、2,4-DB、2,4,5-T、2,4,5-TP(Silvex) alachlor、atrazine、atrazine-desethyl、atrazine-desethyl-desisoropyl、atrazine-desisoropyl、butachlor、cyanazine、dalapon、dicamba、dichloroprop、dinoseb、diquat、diuron、glufosinate、isoproturon、linuron、MCPA、MCPP、mefenacet、metolachor、molinate、pendimethalin、propazine、simazine、ethion、ethoprop、chloral hydrate、quinoline. 500-mL of water was extracted with PolarPlus C18 speeddisk (50 mm) and was eluted with methanol and dichloromethane. The combined eluent was concentrated to 5 mL and was analyzed with the UPLC-MS/MS. Analytes forming positive ions were separated on a Kinetex PFP column (50 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm), and chemicals forming negative ions were done on an Ascentis Express C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 2.7 μm). The method has been developed and validated through analyzing spiked raw water samples and certified reference materials. Most analytes were with recoveries ranged from 63% to 114%. To demonstrate the feasibility to various types of water, samples were collected from three rivers in southern Taiwan (Beigang River, Bajhang River, and Yanshuei River), a reservoir as a drinking water source, raw water and finish water from a drinking water treatment plant, and influent/effluent from a sewage treatment plant, in the total of 35 samples. Among the river water, most positive samples of pesticide residues were found from Beigang River, especially at the sampling point of Hou-Liao Village (the highest was carbendazim at 8.7 μg/L). Most analytes were either not detected or with levels lower than the limit of quantitation (0.5 μg/L) in the samples of reservoir, drinking water treatment plant, and the sewage treatment plants; however, a herbicide pendimethalin was in relatively high concentrations in the samples of sewage treatment plants (0.91.6 μg/L), and was also detectable in the samples of the reservoir and the drinking water treatment plant. The positive rates of pesticides were associated with their used amount of active ingredients.
英文關鍵字	Pesticides;LC-MS/MS;drinking water;surface water;solid-phase extraction

摘要

Pesticides have been used widely on crops, inhibition of weed growth, and pest control. Pesticides and their metabolites may enter the water environment through runoff or air deposition, and their impact on human health and aquatic creatures deserve attentions. This study developed and validated a method to analyze 102 pesticides using high-flow solid-phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Analytes included 62 insecticides, 8 fungicides, 28 herbicides, 1 acaricides, 1 nematocides and two others, which were acephate、azinphos-methyl、bromophos-ethyl、carbophenothion、chlorpyrifos、demeton、demeton-S-methyl、diazinon、dichlorvos、dicrotophos、dimethoate、disulfoton、EPN、ethoprophos、fenamiphos sulfoxide、fenamiphos sulfone、fenitrothion、fenthion、fonofos、isoxathion、malathion、methamidophos、methidathion、mevinphos、monocrotophos、oxydemeton-methyl、parathion、phenthoate、phorate、phosalone、phosmet、pirimiphos-methyl、profenofos、quinalphos、temephos、terbufos、triazophos、trichlorfon、aldicarb、aldicarb sulfoxide、aldicarb sulfone、benfuracarb、carbaryl、cartap、carbofuran、3-hydroxycarbofuran、carbosulfan、ethiofencarb、fenobucarb、isoprocarb、methiocarb、methomyl、oxamyl、pirimicarb、propoxur、thiofanox、cypermethrin、deltamethrin、fenpropathrin、fenvalerate、permethrin、tau-fluvalinate、carbendazim、edifenphos、hexaconazole、iprobenfos、metalaxyl、pencycuron、prochloraz、thiophanate-methyl、2,4-D、2,4-DB、2,4,5-T、2,4,5-TP(Silvex) alachlor、atrazine、atrazine-desethyl、atrazine-desethyl-desisoropyl、atrazine-desisoropyl、butachlor、cyanazine、dalapon、dicamba、dichloroprop、dinoseb、diquat、diuron、glufosinate、isoproturon、linuron、MCPA、MCPP、mefenacet、metolachor、molinate、pendimethalin、propazine、simazine、ethion、ethoprop、chloral hydrate、quinoline. 500-mL of water was extracted with PolarPlus C18 speeddisk (50 mm) and was eluted with methanol and dichloromethane. The combined eluent was concentrated to 5 mL and was analyzed with the UPLC-MS/MS. Analytes forming positive ions were separated on a Kinetex PFP column (50 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm), and chemicals forming negative ions were done on an Ascentis Express C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 2.7 μm). The method has been developed and validated through analyzing spiked raw water samples and certified reference materials. Most analytes were with recoveries ranged from 63% to 114%. To demonstrate the feasibility to various types of water, samples were collected from three rivers in southern Taiwan (Beigang River, Bajhang River, and Yanshuei River), a reservoir as a drinking water source, raw water and finish water from a drinking water treatment plant, and influent/effluent from a sewage treatment plant, in the total of 35 samples. Among the river water, most positive samples of pesticide residues were found from Beigang River, especially at the sampling point of Hou-Liao Village (the highest was carbendazim at 8.7 μg/L). Most analytes were either not detected or with levels lower than the limit of quantitation (0.5 μg/L) in the samples of reservoir, drinking water treatment plant, and the sewage treatment plants; however, a herbicide pendimethalin was in relatively high concentrations in the samples of sewage treatment plants (0.91.6 μg/L), and was also detectable in the samples of the reservoir and the drinking water treatment plant. The positive rates of pesticides were associated with their used amount of active ingredients.

英文關鍵字

Pesticides;LC-MS/MS;drinking water;surface water;solid-phase extraction