環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	EPA-102-1605-02-03
經費年度	102
計畫經費	2,230 千元
專案開始日期	2013/04/15
專案結束日期	2013/12/31
專案主持人	謝季吟
主辦單位	環檢所
承辦人	林哲雄
執行單位	國立屏東科技大學
專案分類	環境監測及檢測
中文關鍵字	底泥，底棲生物，底泥添加，亞致死毒性
英文關鍵字	Sediment, Sediment-dwelling organism, Spiked sediment, Sublethal effects
協同主持人
共同主持人	劉俊宏
計畫聯絡人	謝季吟
計畫聯絡電話	08-7703202#7089
計畫聯絡信箱	chiying@mail.npust.edu.tw

中文摘要	全底泥毒性測試在底泥污染物生態風險評估上的使用性日漸增加。本計畫之主要目的為進行兩種底泥慢毒性試驗技術之建立與應用，以評估生物 (Hyalella azteca 及Paramisgurnus dabryanus).長期暴露於中低度污染底泥潛在關切物質之慢毒性效應，未來可提供底泥時之可能生物效應之相關資訊。本計畫之主要目標為彙整國外現行底泥生物慢毒性測試技術文獻、進行兩種底泥慢毒性測方法(端足目(Hyalella azteca) 存活/成長/繁殖效應與鰍科大鱗泥鰍 (Paramisgurnus dabryanus)成長/繁殖效應)之影響因子容忍度確認，以及底泥添加不同濃度重金屬及多環芳香烴對生物生命週期不同評估終點之效應評估。Hyalella azteca影響因子試驗結果顯示，注水次數及底泥種類為影響存活率主要因素，各試驗終點之28天存活率以在四次注水、馴養餵食1mL YWF (yeast/ Wheatgrass /flake)之條件下最佳，並達到符合美國環保署規範 (控制組底泥應於28天存活率大於或等於80%) ；成長及繁殖效應因素多能符合美國環保署對測試終點到多數 28 天大之 H. azteca 重量(dw) >0.15 mg/ individua及體長>3.2 mm/ individual 之規範，顯示其系統及試驗方法具有初步穩定性。 H.azteca 暴露於不同銅濃度底泥中劑量-效應之半致死濃度(LC50)為62.56 mg Cu/kg，當暴露濃度達200 mg Cu/kg，其體長與重量與控制組具有顯著性差異 (p<0.05)。暴露濃度為500 mg Cu/kg，則未發現任何存活之個體。Fluoranthene試驗結果顯示，控制組存活率每批次僅約10~20%之存活率，推測因與有機物添加使用丙酮有關。大鱗泥鰍影響因子容忍性試驗之成長、活存、飼料轉換率及肥滿度並不因為換水頻率及實驗中期底泥更換與否而有顯著性差異。而大鱗泥鰍暴露於不同銅濃度底泥中之結果顯示，在底泥銅含量大於100 mg Cu/kg，受精率則明顯受到抑制，當底泥中含銅濃度達200 mg Cu/kg時，即對大鱗泥鰍成長、活存及畸型率造成負面影響。當暴露濃度為400 mg Cu/kg 組下之泥鰍，其死亡率達100%。Fluoranthene試驗結果顯示，受精率在底泥fluoranthene達含100 mg/kg時會明顯的下降，而體長、體重、活存率及肥滿度皆隨底泥中Fluoranthene 濃度提高，而明顯受到抑制。污染物添加毒性試驗將可提供兩種毒性測試對亞致死測試終點的敏感性和變異性之相關數據。
中文關鍵字	底泥，底棲生物，底泥添加，亞致死毒性

中文摘要

全底泥毒性測試在底泥污染物生態風險評估上的使用性日漸增加。本計畫之主要目的為進行兩種底泥慢毒性試驗技術之建立與應用，以評估生物 (Hyalella azteca 及Paramisgurnus dabryanus).長期暴露於中低度污染底泥潛在關切物質之慢毒性效應，未來可提供底泥時之可能生物效應之相關資訊。本計畫之主要目標為彙整國外現行底泥生物慢毒性測試技術文獻、進行兩種底泥慢毒性測方法(端足目(Hyalella azteca) 存活/成長/繁殖效應與鰍科大鱗泥鰍 (Paramisgurnus dabryanus)成長/繁殖效應)之影響因子容忍度確認，以及底泥添加不同濃度重金屬及多環芳香烴對生物生命週期不同評估終點之效應評估。Hyalella azteca影響因子試驗結果顯示，注水次數及底泥種類為影響存活率主要因素，各試驗終點之28天存活率以在四次注水、馴養餵食1mL YWF (yeast/ Wheatgrass /flake)之條件下最佳，並達到符合美國環保署規範 (控制組底泥應於28天存活率大於或等於80%) ；成長及繁殖效應因素多能符合美國環保署對測試終點到多數 28 天大之 H. azteca 重量(dw) >0.15 mg/ individua及體長>3.2 mm/ individual 之規範，顯示其系統及試驗方法具有初步穩定性。 H.azteca 暴露於不同銅濃度底泥中劑量-效應之半致死濃度(LC50)為62.56 mg Cu/kg，當暴露濃度達200 mg Cu/kg，其體長與重量與控制組具有顯著性差異 (p<0.05)。暴露濃度為500 mg Cu/kg，則未發現任何存活之個體。Fluoranthene試驗結果顯示，控制組存活率每批次僅約10~20%之存活率，推測因與有機物添加使用丙酮有關。大鱗泥鰍影響因子容忍性試驗之成長、活存、飼料轉換率及肥滿度並不因為換水頻率及實驗中期底泥更換與否而有顯著性差異。而大鱗泥鰍暴露於不同銅濃度底泥中之結果顯示，在底泥銅含量大於100 mg Cu/kg，受精率則明顯受到抑制，當底泥中含銅濃度達200 mg Cu/kg時，即對大鱗泥鰍成長、活存及畸型率造成負面影響。當暴露濃度為400 mg Cu/kg 組下之泥鰍，其死亡率達100%。Fluoranthene試驗結果顯示，受精率在底泥fluoranthene達含100 mg/kg時會明顯的下降，而體長、體重、活存率及肥滿度皆隨底泥中Fluoranthene 濃度提高，而明顯受到抑制。污染物添加毒性試驗將可提供兩種毒性測試對亞致死測試終點的敏感性和變異性之相關數據。

中文關鍵字

底泥，底棲生物，底泥添加，亞致死毒性

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	【環檢所】期末報告-1021218-定稿版.pdf	9MB		2014/2/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	Whole-sediment toxicity tests are increasing being used in ecological risk assessments of contaminants in sediments. In this project, we developed and evaluated two chronic toxicity tests in sediment to predict the sublethal effects of chemicals of potential concern (COPCs) on the sediment-dwelling organism (Hyalella azteca) and cobitidae (Paramisgurnus dabryanus). The first objective of this project was to review and summarize the newly published sediment toxicity tests literatures. The second was to measure the toxicity endpoints including variables tolerance in survival/ growth/reproduction of H. azteca and growth/fecundity of Paramisgurnus dabryanus exposed to formulated sediment. Furthermore, the addition of metal (copper) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (fluoranthene) to sediment were used to determine the cause-and-effect relationships in two tests. Our results showed two whole sediment chronic toxicity experiments with an amphipods (H. azteca ; 42-day exposure) and cobitidae (Paramisgurnus dabryanus; two months exposure) for measuring effects on survival/growth/reproduction was successfully developed. Our study observed that the amphipod survival was 80% which meet the minimum control survival for test acceptability under certain exposure condition (four time water renewal, 1mL of yeast/ wheatgrass /flake diet). Results of reproduction and growth data reported length >3.2mm/individual, weight >0.15 mg/individual and >2 young produced from our study also meet the existing methods published by U.S.EPA. In copper and fluoranthene spiked sediment toxicity tests, the LC50 for H. azteca was 62.56 mg Cu/kg based on the dose-response relationship. Significant growth (length and weight) differences were observed between the formulated sediment and experimental group at concentration of 200 mg/kg (p<0.05). There is no survival of H. azteca at concentration of 500 mg/kg. Furthermore, the survival of the H. azteca in fluoranthene spiked sediments was low and only 10-20% in control groups. The reason may related to the acetone residue in spiked solution used to dissolve the fluoranthene in the sediment. The frequency of water change and sediment renewal did not significantly influence the growth, survival, feed efficiency and condition factor of fish in the trials with the Paramisgurnus dabryanus. Moreover, our study observed that fertilization rate and growth performance of the P. dabryanus were suppressed by 100 mg Cu/kg and 200 mg Cu/kg in sediment, and 100 % mortality were found at concentration of 400 mg Cu/kg. Similarly, the significantly decreased fertilization rate of P. dabryanus was recorded in fish exposure to the sediment containing 100 mg/kg fluoranthene. The growth (length and weight), survival and condition factor of P. dabryanus were therefore inhibited at higher exposed concentration. The results proved the feasibility of using cobitidae in sediment toxicity test. Overall, the spiked-sediment toxicity tests provide additional data on the relative selecting and variability of sublethal endpoints in two sediment toxicity tests.
英文關鍵字	Sediment, Sediment-dwelling organism, Spiked sediment, Sublethal effects

摘要

Whole-sediment toxicity tests are increasing being used in ecological risk assessments of contaminants in sediments. In this project, we developed and evaluated two chronic toxicity tests in sediment to predict the sublethal effects of chemicals of potential concern (COPCs) on the sediment-dwelling organism (Hyalella azteca) and cobitidae (Paramisgurnus dabryanus). The first objective of this project was to review and summarize the newly published sediment toxicity tests literatures. The second was to measure the toxicity endpoints including variables tolerance in survival/ growth/reproduction of H. azteca and growth/fecundity of Paramisgurnus dabryanus exposed to formulated sediment. Furthermore, the addition of metal (copper) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (fluoranthene) to sediment were used to determine the cause-and-effect relationships in two tests. Our results showed two whole sediment chronic toxicity experiments with an amphipods (H. azteca ; 42-day exposure) and cobitidae (Paramisgurnus dabryanus; two months exposure) for measuring effects on survival/growth/reproduction was successfully developed. Our study observed that the amphipod survival was 80% which meet the minimum control survival for test acceptability under certain exposure condition (four time water renewal, 1mL of yeast/ wheatgrass /flake diet). Results of reproduction and growth data reported length >3.2mm/individual, weight >0.15 mg/individual and >2 young produced from our study also meet the existing methods published by U.S.EPA. In copper and fluoranthene spiked sediment toxicity tests, the LC50 for H. azteca was 62.56 mg Cu/kg based on the dose-response relationship. Significant growth (length and weight) differences were observed between the formulated sediment and experimental group at concentration of 200 mg/kg (p<0.05). There is no survival of H. azteca at concentration of 500 mg/kg. Furthermore, the survival of the H. azteca in fluoranthene spiked sediments was low and only 10-20% in control groups. The reason may related to the acetone residue in spiked solution used to dissolve the fluoranthene in the sediment. The frequency of water change and sediment renewal did not significantly influence the growth, survival, feed efficiency and condition factor of fish in the trials with the Paramisgurnus dabryanus. Moreover, our study observed that fertilization rate and growth performance of the P. dabryanus were suppressed by 100 mg Cu/kg and 200 mg Cu/kg in sediment, and 100 % mortality were found at concentration of 400 mg Cu/kg. Similarly, the significantly decreased fertilization rate of P. dabryanus was recorded in fish exposure to the sediment containing 100 mg/kg fluoranthene. The growth (length and weight), survival and condition factor of P. dabryanus were therefore inhibited at higher exposed concentration. The results proved the feasibility of using cobitidae in sediment toxicity test. Overall, the spiked-sediment toxicity tests provide additional data on the relative selecting and variability of sublethal endpoints in two sediment toxicity tests.

英文關鍵字

Sediment, Sediment-dwelling organism, Spiked sediment, Sublethal effects