YLEPB-103-050

103

12,350 千元

2015/01/01

2015/12/31

林毓珣

雲林縣環境保護局

何冠勳

勤智興業有限公司

大氣空氣

PM2.5檢測、PM2.5排放係數/指紋圖譜、污染來源解析(受體模式)、空氣品質預報/應變模式、PM2.5管制策略效益評估

PM2.5 sampling, Emission coefficients/Sources profile, CMB model, Air quality forecast/response model, Controls strategy benefit evaluation

白凱棣

02-22261158#306

al1990918@chinjet.com.tw

本計畫執行期程自104年1月1日至12月31日為止，完成5根次排放管道、6次農廢燃燒及5輛次柴油車排煙PM2.5採樣分析及指紋資料建置、本縣氣象資料調查、PM2.5公衛解析、空品預報/應變系統建置、本縣PM2.5污染來解析及管制策略成效評估等指標工作；並完成村里宣導會17場次、「禁燒生煤及石油焦」記者會1場次及「PM2.5防制研討會」1場次等宣導活動，整體進度達成率為100%。 在污染源PM2.5指紋建置工作，本年度建立18筆污染源指紋資料，包含5筆固定源(燃煤鍋爐排放管道)、5筆移動源(柴油車)及8筆逸散源(稻廢燃燒)資料。其中針對固定污染源燃煤鍋爐煙道採樣結果顯示PM2.5中凝結性微粒(CPM)之含量均高於過濾性微粒(FPM)，顯示管道檢測宜納入CPM以完整評估PM2.5排放。而在化學組成分析，以水溶性離子硫酸鹽(SO42-)所佔比例最高，碳成份次之，金屬元素以Fe、Na、Ca與Al等地殼元素為主，其中硒(Se)與鋇(Ba)為燃煤鍋爐之特徵物種。 柴油車排煙檢測結果，PM2.5/TPM比例為91.7%~95.3%，顯示所排放的粒狀物幾乎都是PM2.5，且CPM濃度所占比例皆遠高於FPM濃度。而在化學組成分析，以碳成份所佔比例最高，達到70.7~79.3%，特徵為EC > OC，元素碳(EC)為柴油車排放之特徵元素。 另由農廢燃燒採樣結果，稻桿燃燒所排放之PM2.5以氯鹽、鉀鹽、脫水葡萄醣、脫水甘露醣、硫酸鹽、磷酸鹽為主要指標物種，其中脫水醣類(Levo/Manno ratio)及離子鹽類(Cl-/K+)的特徵比值可做為本縣稻梗農廢之生質燃燒來源指紋參數。另因農業使用含磷肥料，磷酸鹽指紋將有助於區分農廢燃燒或其他生質燃燒污染源的貢獻。 本年度建置完成本縣CMAQ空品模式預報系統，並完成氣象模式以及空品模式效能評估，104年7月1日起每天提供未來兩日之氣象及污染物試預報結果，包含PM2.5指標及濃度時空分佈等資訊，並上傳至本計畫架設之預報網站，當可能有PM2.5事件日發生時，配合GTx污染來源診斷系統之建置，提供污染成因及貢獻來源佔比初步解析，提供 貴局進行PM2.5空品不良事件日及啟動各類預警應變作為之評估參考。另針對本縣既有「空氣品質嚴重惡化緊急應變標準作業程序」提出修正建議。 以受體模式(CMB)及空品模式(GTx、CMAQ)解析本縣污染來源並進行比對，模式假設條件簡要說明(限制)詳附表一，模擬結果顯示本縣於弱綜觀及高壓迴流天氣型態下，污染物濃度主要受境內排放影響，本縣PM2.5污染來源以固定源為主，主要污染物種以SO42-佔比高，主要排放來源類別包含衍生性之二次硫酸銨、二次硝酸鹽，以及原生性之柴油車(含汽油車)、地殼物質、石化業燃油鍋爐及工業燃煤，其中以衍生性二次硫酸銨貢獻量最高。 在PM2.5防護宣導方面，本年度共完成村里社區自我防護宣導845人次，並印製3,000份宣導摺頁供相關宣導活動發放，以及空品不良期間進行244檔次廣播與30天次跑馬燈播送，有效提升民眾對PM2.5的認知與防護觀念的建立。另外藉由辦理「禁燒生煤及石油焦」記者會及「PM2.5模式模擬及防制研討會」，宣誓本縣啓動空污聯防，推動跨縣市空氣污染聯合管制策略的決心。

PM2.5檢測、PM2.5排放係數/指紋圖譜、污染來源解析(受體模式)、空氣品質預報/應變模式、PM2.5管制策略效益評估

(定稿本)期末報告完整版.pdf

30MB

2017/1/3 上午 12:00:00

This year project implementation period from January 1 to December 31, indicator work including 5 times the coal-fired boiler flue gas, 6 times agricultural waste burning and 5 times diesel cars exhaust PM2.5 sampling and chemical composition analysis, to establish the source profile ,meteorological analysis,PM2.5 ＆health risk assessment, air quality forecasting/response system build, PM2.5 pollution source analysis by CMB model and control strategy benefit assessment. And the completion of the 17 times protection propaganda, "Prohibit burning bituminous coal" press conference and" PM2.5 prevention seminar " and other outreach activities, overall progress towards rate is 100%. In PM2.5 sources profile build achievement, this year has been the establishment of 18 pen sources profile, including the 5 stationary sources (coal-fired boiler flue gas) data, 5 mobile sources (diesel cars) data and 8 fugitive sources (agricultural waste combustion )data. One for stationary sources of coal-fired boiler flue sampling results show that the content of condensable particles PM2.5 (CPM) were higher than the filtration of particles (FPM), display PM2.5 sampling should be included in the CPM to evaluate PM2.5 emissions completely. In the chemical composition analysis, sulfate ions (SO42-) is the highest proportion, followed by is carbon composition. In addition selenium (Se) and barium (Ba) is the characterized species by coal-fired boiler flue gas. Diesel cars exhaust sampling results, PM2.5/TPM ratio is 91.7% ~ 95.3%, particulate emissions almost all PM2.5, and CPM concentrations are much higher than the proportion of FPM concentrations. In the chemical composition analysis, the highest proportion is carbon, reaching 70.7 ~ 79.3%, where in EC> OC, elemental carbon (EC) is characterized elements from the diesel cars exhaust. Another sampling results from agricultural waste burning, PM2.5 emissions of chlorine salt, potassium salt, dehydrated glucose, mannose dehydration, sulfate, phosphate as the main indicator species from the rice straw combustion. Levo/Manno glucose ratio and ionic salts ratio (Cl-/K+) can be use as agricultural waste combustion characteristic ratios. The current year build air quality forecasting/response system, and complete weather patterns and air quality model effectiveness evaluation, providing the next two days test forecast including weather and pollutant modeling results every day from July 1, and upload them to the air quality forecasting website. When there may PM2.5 pollution event occurred, it can simultaneously through the analysis and diagnosis of pollution sources. To provide immediate causes of pollution and contribution account, let government to start the warning strain before the pollution event occurred. The CMB ,GTx, CMAQ model result, show the county PM2.5 pollution sources to stationary sources, the main pollutant species with a high proportion of SO42-, major emission source categories contain derivatives secondary nature of ammonium sulfate, nitrate secondary, and the original nature of diesel vehicles (including gasoline), crust, petrochemical industry (fuel) and industrial coal, of which the second derivative of the maximum amount of the contribution of ammonium sulfate. In PM2.5 propaganda, this year completed total 845 visitors of village self- protection propaganda, and printed 3,000 copies of leaflets for some outreach activities use. In addition the 244 times broadcasting on radio and 30 days scrolling text on TV, effectively warning the people make self-protection when pollution event occurred. Furthermore to hold "Prohibit burning bituminous coal press conference"and"PM2.5 prevention seminar",show the county government determined to launch air pollution defense, promote inter-county air pollution control strategy cooperation.

PM2.5 sampling, Emission coefficients/Sources profile, CMB model, Air quality forecast/response model, Controls strategy benefit evaluation