EPA-103-Z102-02-104

103

2,680 千元

2014/03/07

2015/03/06

江康鈺

環境督察總隊

張淑靜

逢甲大學

廢棄物管理

垃圾採樣;三成分分析;元素分析;發熱量

Refuse sampling;proximate analysis;ultimate analysis;energy content

童翔新；林哲彥

江康鈺

03-4227151#34656

kychiang@ncu.edu.tw

本計畫主要目的在於延續歷年全國各縣市之垃圾採樣及分析工作，透過縝密之採樣規劃與分析結果，建立長期連續性之垃圾基本特性資料，並掌握垃圾性質之長期變動趨勢；並期藉由本計畫之執行成果，作為未來制定未來垃圾處理政策、研發新穎資源回收與再利用技術、評估規劃安全性處理處置技術之重要參考依據。 根據今(103)年度採樣分析結果顯示，垃圾濕基組成中紙類、廚餘類及塑膠類約占總物理組成比例之93.62%，其中紙類含量最高，約占垃圾組成中39.42%，其次為廚餘類之37.64%及塑膠類16.56%，至於金屬類及玻璃類則分別占0.51%及0.80%。皮革橡膠類、纖維布類及木竹落葉類含量之總和，約占垃圾物理組成之3.79%。就本年度紙類及塑膠類之物理組成比例變化趨勢可知，均較近三年之移動平均值為高，分別由近三年平均值之39.15%及15.59%，增加至今年之39.42%及16.56%，亦即上述物理組成之比例，呈現逐年增加之趨勢。本年度廚餘類與玻璃類之組成比例，均較近三年之移動平均值為低，且呈現逐年降低之現象。此外，依據本年度採集垃圾中紙類之種類，主要以紙製衛生用品之其他紙類含量占總垃圾之18%為主，至於紙張則約占總垃圾之6%。垃圾中平均含水量為55.17%；由於垃圾中金屬、玻璃及其他無機成分含量較低，因此，可燃分均占垃圾之39.35%以上；垃圾之平均低位發熱量為1870kcal/kg。至於五個採樣縣市之垃圾中可燃物重金屬分析結果顯示，鋅、鉛、銅、鉻及鎘之平均含量，分別為25.7mg/kg、7.27mg/kg、11.0mg/kg、9.41mg/kg及0.463mg/kg。根據長期垃圾採樣分析結果，有助於建立全國地區垃圾性質分析之完善資料庫，同時本計畫結果亦可提供未來垃圾管理策略之重要參考依據。

垃圾採樣;三成分分析;元素分析;發熱量

EPA-103-Z102-02-104.pdf

55MB

2015/6/1 上午 12:00:00

The objectives of this project were to establish the database of long-term physical and chemical characteristics of municipal solid waste (MSW) and to evaluate the variation of MSW composition and property by careful sampling, sample preparation and the analytical techniques. Meanwhile, the performance of this project could be also useful in adopting the strategies of MSW management, developing the innovative technologies of recycling and recovery, and assessing the safe technologies of MSW disposal. According to the results of sampling and analysis, the major compositions of the MSW were paper, plastics, and food scraps. The composition content of the above waste was almost 93.62% of the total MSW. Paper products made up the largest component of MSW generated (39.42%, wet basis), and food scraps comprised the second-largest component (37.64%, wet basis). Plastics were also a major component in MSW. The average content of plastics was 16.56% (wet basis) of the total MSW in 2014. The contents of metals and glasses of the total MSW were 0.51% and 0.80%, respectively. Wood and yard trimming, rubber, leather, and textiles combined made up about 3.79% of MSW. The results showed that the variation of composition in paper and plastics were increased in the past three years. To compare the moving average (past three years) of paper and plastics composition, the paper and plastics content in MSW were increased slightly from 39.15% and 15.59% to 39.42% and 16.56%, respectively. That is, the composition of paper and plastics of MSW increased gradually in past three years. On the other hand, in this year, compositions of food scrap, metals, and glasses of MSW were lower than that of moving average (past three years). It can conclude that the compositions of food scraps, metals and glasses of MSW decreased gradually in past three years. Besides, the types of paper of MSW included office paper, newspaper, corrugated paper, paper bag, paper container, and paper for toilet products, etc. In this project, approximately 18% of paper for toilet products was found in MSW samples. The overall average moisture content in the MSW was found to be 55.17%. The combustibles made up an above 39.35% of the MSW on average due to the low content of metals, glass, and other inorganic components. The average lower heating value (LHV) was about 1870 kcal/kg. The analysis results of tested metals (Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr and Cd) in combustible of MSW indicated that the tested metals concentrations, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr and Cd were 25.7 mg/kg, 7.27 mg/kg, 11.0 mg/kg, 9.41 mg/kg and 0.463 mg/kg, respectively. Based on observations of this project, it was concluded that a well-established database of MSW using the results of long-term sampling and analysis projects could reduce bias in results. This project also provided important information for consideration of strategies in MSW management.

Refuse sampling;proximate analysis;ultimate analysis;energy content