EPA-104-1602-02-03

104

2,400 千元

2015/03/11

2015/12/31

王家麟

環檢所

黃星榜

國立中央大學

大氣空氣

移動實驗室、質子轉移反應飛行時間質譜儀、質子轉移反應四極矩式質譜儀、氣相層析質譜儀、觸發採樣、揮發性有機化合物

Mobile laboratory、PTR-TOF、PTR-QMS、GC/MS、triggered sampling、Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

廖偉呈

03-4227151#65941

blacky0066@hotmail.com

本研究旨在整合現有移動實驗室之軟、硬體技術，強化移動實驗室在污染物監測與鑑定，以因應高複雜性、突發性與多樣性之空氣污染事件。本計畫完成整合PTR-QMS、PTR-TOF、SCI-TOFMS、ADS-GC/MS、自動採樣裝置等監測設備，進一步擬定設備搭配使用的方法與建立標準操作程序(包括儀器操作、數據處理、維護等)；另一部分針對我國工業區進行實場監測，針包特殊性工業區與一般綜合性工業區，完5次實場監測工作，分別為平鎮工業區1處-祥安國小、高雄林園工業區2處-汕尾國小與中芸國小，以及高雄臨海工業區2處-餐旅國中與小港高中。 本計畫成果共分為兩部分：第一部分【建置可即時緊急應變移動實驗室】，包含(1)文獻蒐集與(2)實驗室軟、硬體技術整合兩項主要仔工作。第二部分【移動實驗室實場測試】，包含(1)針對特殊性工業區執行3場次監測，(2)以實際經驗作為研擬適合之緊急應變移動實驗是相關技術及規範之參據。 文獻蒐集：移動實驗室技術核心以現今具有高時間解析、sub ppb微量分析能力 - 質子轉移反應系列 (PTR type) 快速質譜儀，因此資料蒐集會針對國際研究上，PTR系列的質譜應用環境分析上的回顧摘要，此外彙整國內外在空氣汙染研究上快速質技術的應用方法。 軟、硬技術整合主要對象包括硬體移動監測櫃本體、設備包括PTR-TOFMS、PTR-QMS、SCI-TOFMS、ADS-GC/MS、觸發採樣裝置；PTR設備係利用軟性化學游離法，能有效針對空氣中烯 (>C3)、炔、芳香烴、氨氮化合物、醇、醛、酮、有機酸、酯等，相較於一般層析方法，兼具偵測性、快速分析與微量偵測的優勢下，迅速掌握汙染物可能成分與變化；ADS-GCMS以環保署標準方法NIEA A715為基礎所改良的監測系統，針對空氣中85種進行連續分析(方法由空氣中揮發性有機化合物連續監測技術開發之研究計畫)；觸發採樣罐建立與測試PTR、GC法前端分析，以鎖定的化學物質進行嚴密的監控，以閾值觸發採樣的概念，立即收集空氣全樣(whole air sampler)，提供後續精密VOC定性定量。軟體部分包含TOFMS質譜校正、TOFMS資料前處理、雪球抽樣分析方法、化學物質鑑定等，上述之技術透過現地實測方式，將經驗方法融入儀器之標準操作流程。 第二部分-實測，本計畫規劃5次現地監測任務，包括1處平鎮工業區，與4次特殊性工業區空氣檢測，分別為為林園工業區汕尾國小、中芸國小，臨海工業區餐旅國中與小港高中。監測透過平行分析的方法以交互運用，驗證設備之效能，配合TOFMS建立現地空氣中化學物質清單。 平鎮工業區祥安國小由TOFMS檢測出19種主要的化學物質，同時搭配觸發採樣系統採集20個採樣罐，由In-lab GC/MS/FID進行分析；林園汕尾國小檢測出13種化學物質，當盛行風為北風時，現地汙染物會明顯抬升；中芸國小SCI-TOFMS 依據汕尾國小建立清單中主要成分進行監測，現地仍看得到些微的排放，但因零點校正可能出現問題，定量結果濃度有偏高的情況；臨海餐旅國中檢測出9種化學物質、臨海小港高中檢測出12種化學物質，根據分析結果顯示，臨海工業區之整體濃度偏低，約於ppb level (<50 ppb)，並且汙染濃度來自北方傳輸，未偵測來自臨海工業區之顯著貢獻，此外小港以GC法搭配高值觸發方法，針對現地輕碳C3-C5進行密集觸發監測，共捕捉到3次事件，並將觸發採樣罐同時以ADS-GC/MS與第三方單位之GC/MS進行剖析指紋圖譜。

移動實驗室、質子轉移反應飛行時間質譜儀、質子轉移反應四極矩式質譜儀、氣相層析質譜儀、觸發採樣、揮發性有機化合物

緊急應變移動實驗室整合技術開發_期末報告_定稿本.pdf

17MB

2016/2/1 上午 12:00:00

The objective of this project is to integrate various instruments and operation procedures into the mobile laboratory to further enhance its investigation abilities in the event of air pollution, which are often times illusive, abrupt and complex in nature. This project has successfully integrated the following devices: PTR-QMS, PTR-TOF, SCI-TOFMS, ADS-GC/MS, trigger-sampling device, etc., and also has successfully developed procedures to operate the aforementioned instruments, as well as the methods to efficiently analyze field data. To test the mobile laboratory, 5 field tests were conducted in 3 selected industrial parks; they are: Yaoyuan Pingjhen (平鎮) industrial park Shiang-An elementary school (祥安國小), Kaohsiung Linyuan (林園) industrial park Sanwei elementary school (汕尾國小) and Jhong Yun Junior high school (中芸國小), Kaohsiung Linhai (臨海) industrial park Hospitality junior high school (餐旅國中) and Siaogang senior high school (小港高中). The outcome of the project can be described in two parts. The first part, with the aim to setup the mobile laboratory for rapid deployment in the events of emergency, includes two tasks: (1) literature search and compilation, and (2) method development for the use of the integrated mobile laboratory. The second part, which is to test the mobile laboratory, includes the following two tasks: (1) 5 field measurements in 3 selected industrial parks, and (2) the procedures and knowhow to operate the relevant instruments based on the field campaigns in the past. Since the core of the mobile laboratory technology is PTR-MS, literature search was mainly focused on the applications of PTR-MS or similar techniques in the subjects of air quality and atmospheric chemistry. System integration includes PTR-QMS, PTR-TOF, SCI-TOFMS, ADS-GC/MS and trigger-sampling device. They all can be used alone or coupled on the mobile platform, depending on the needs. The PTR-MS technique can detect organic compounds real-time, with superior sensitivity towards alkenes (> C3), aromatics, N-containing compounds, O-containing compounds and organic acids. In addition to PTR-MS, the modified ADS-GC/MS method can complement PTR-MS by analyzing 85 target VOCs within each analysis. The technique of trigger sampling has also been successfully tested by coupling to both types of PTR-MS and an on-line GC. The triggered samples were then returned to the central laboratory to analyze for 108 VOCs by GC/MS/FID. Method development for rapid data analysis includes the snow-ball sampling technique and accurate identification of compounds based on MS data, which have all been sufficiently tested in the field. For the second part of the project, field campaigns were conducted at 5 sites to capture distinct chemical compounds representative of each industrial park, including one site in the Pingjhen industrial park for pre-testing the mobile lab, and the other 4 sites in two industrial parks in Kaohsiung. At the Shiang-An elementary school in the Pingjhen industrial park, 19 VOCs were detected. The PTR-QMS also triggered 20 canisters and analyzed by in-lab GC/MS/FID for 108 VOCs. At the Sanwei elementary school near the Linyuan industrial park, 13 VOCs were detected, whose mixing ratios increased whenever the northerly winds prevailed. At the JhungYun elementary school, the SCI-TOFMS monitored the target compounds found at the Sanwei elementary school and observed minor emissions for the target compounds, despite a slight elevated baseline. Nine and 12 VOCs were detected at the Hospitality junior high school and Siaogang senior high school, respectively. Overall, the levels of the observed VOCs were quite low (< 50 ppbv), and the field missions did not observe significant emissions due possibly to terrain and meteorological factors. At the Siaogang senior high school, trigger-sampling using the on-line GC, instead of the PTR-MS, by targeting C3-C5 species led to 3 triggered samples, which were then analyzed by both the ADS-GC/MS and in-lab GC/MS/FID systems for their chemical compositions.

Mobile laboratory、PTR-TOF、PTR-QMS、GC/MS、triggered sampling、Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)