EPA-104-G103-02-102

104

4,380 千元

2015/02/25

2015/12/31

林鎮洋

水保處

鄧丕信

國立臺北科技大學

水質保護

水庫、優養指標、總量管制

Reservoir, Trophic State Index, TMDL

康世芳；陳起鳳；何嘉浚

李祖川

02-27712171#2629

tsuchuan@ntut.edu.tw

　　環保署為提昇臺灣河川水庫水體水質，從民國97年陸續推行各項承受水體水質維護改善計畫，期能進一步提昇我國河川水庫水體品質。本計畫執行項目包括（1）分析本島主要水庫水質變化趨勢，研提水質指標建議；（2）針對具優養化潛勢水庫，研提水質治理策略及改善方案；（3）完成水庫水污染總量削減管理；（4）蒐集國際間水庫優養化指標新資訊；（5）協助相關事宜及辦理協商會。計畫執行期間蒐集美國、日本及韓國等國家水庫優養化指標，分析我國主要20座水庫，因水庫水質易受SS影響，導致Carlson TSI不宜用於我國水庫水質管理。分析84至104年20座水庫水質，並以103年4座具優養化潛勢水庫（明德、石門、鏡面及牡丹水庫）為分析重點，召開水庫水質協商會議，提出改善水體水質之具體可行措施。以石門水庫集水區為例，進行總磷之總量管制擬定，估算石門水庫集水區之點源污染量為4,990 kg/yr，以模式模擬非點源污染量為27,044 kg/yr，分析指出優先控制子集水區為石門水庫庫區周圍、小烏來風景區以及拉拉山風景區。以總磷濃度20µg /L為總量管制評估標準，石門水庫可容許的負荷為每年22,209公斤，須再削減30.7 %，藉以達到水庫水質管理目標。

水庫、優養指標、總量管制

1_EPA-104-G103-02-102.pdf

22MB

2016/3/1 上午 12:00:00

　　Since 2008, the ROC Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) has carried out various plans of water quality improvement for rivers and reservoirs in Taiwan. In order to achieve the goal, the tasks of this project include :(1) analyzing the data of water quality collected from reservoir in order to propose reservoir water quality index; (2) presenting water quality improvement strategies for eutrophication potential reservoirs; (3) establishing Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) procedures and developing a plan for TMDL implementation, (4) reviewing literature on trophic state index of reservoir; (5) holding consultations with the departments involved. Literature on trophic state index from USA, Japan, and Korea is reviewed. The monitoring data of the 20 reservoirs between 1995~2015 indicated that Carlson trophic state index is unsuitable for Taiwan reservoir water quality management due to the influence of suspended solids (SS) concentration. The water qualities of four eutrophication potential reservoirs (Mingde Reservoir, Shimen Reservoir, Jingmian Reservoir, and Mudan Reservoir) are investigated and evaluated based on the monitoring data in 2014 and the water quality improvement strategies of the four reservoirs are presented in this project. The EPA, local government of reservoirs, and the experts discussed the water quality improvement strategies and watershed management of the four reservoirs. The TMDL for phosphorus and a load reduction strategy were developed for Shimen Reservoir. The simulated results indicate that the average annual total phosphorus (TP) loading into the reservoir is 32,014 kg/year, which consists of non-point source loading of 27,044 kg/year, and point source loading of 4,990 kg/year. The Vollenweider mass balance model was used next to determine the trophic state under current pollutant loading and the load reduction needed to keep the reservoir from being eutrophic. It is estimated that Shimen Reservoir can become the mesotrophic state if its average annual TP loading is reduced by 30.7% or more. The results provide the basis on which an integrated control action plan for both point and nonpoint sources of pollution in the watershed can be developed.

Reservoir, Trophic State Index, TMDL