We finish the task of analysis of time and spatial variation of PM2.5 air quality. The 2006-2016 and 2011-2016 air quality trend analyses show the following improvement rates for the various stations: 1. Pingtung station: 30% and 24%, respectively. 2. Chaozhou station: 22% and 28%, respectively. 3. Hengchun station: 33% and 30%, respectively. Pingtung and Chaozhou stations show great improvement in 2013~2016, and Hengchun station shows great improvement in 2016.
PM2.5 AQI 10-year analysis is also completed. For AQI>150 ratio, whole Taiwan, KaoPing, and Pingtung all have improvement, especially for Hengchun and Pingtung monitoring stations. For AQI 101~150 ratio, Taiwan and Hengchun both have improvement, but others doesn’t. Generally speaking, all monitoring stations have improvement for AQI<50 and AQI 51~100 ratio.
PM2.5 Sampling data are collected in Pingtung county from 2013~2015. The concentration in traffic monitoring stations is higher than ambient monitoring stations. The concentration in asphalt plants is the highest in all plants. The concentration in Pingtung night market has 17% improvement since the market became clean air zone. The sampling data and PM2.5 contribution source of CMB show most PM2.5 emissions are from traffic source in both ambient and traffic air monitoring stations, and other sources are secondary aerosols, paved street dust, crust element and open burning.
The causes of high concentration in Chaozhou are summarized as follows: 1. Cross-regional transmission with emission from central and south Taiwan. 2. Local emission with low wind speed to cause poor diffusion. 3. The emissions of vehicles and industries in Kaohsiung to cause photochemical reaction and high-polluted aerosols.
We also summarize the estimated emission with control strategies for specific SCCs in Pingtung’s 50 industries. The estimated TSP emission is 543 ton/y (The TSP emission in TEDS8.1 is 941 ton/y, and The TSP emission in TEDS9.0 is 1,098 ton/y), the estimated TSP emission does not include the phoenix Limited Company and ShiHe Company. The result is already provided to stationary emission management plan in Pingtung County.
According to TEDS8.1, open burning, agricultural equipment, road dust, construction and barren land are major fugitive emissions in Pingtung county. Gaussian diffusion model shows open burning affects PM2.5 air quality in Pingtung County the most, which should be the priority to be controlled; construction and road dust also affect Pingtung very much.
Pintung encourages citizens to use green electric vehicle and Pbike to replace with high-polluted vehicles, but it shows the improvement will be small according to model simulation. Thus, to raise the subsidies and incentives are recommended to eliminate high-polluted vehicles.
The model simulation shows there are 30~60% emission reduction for the Food and beverage industry, barren land, bus, passenger transport, 2 and 4-stroke motorcycle in clean air zone in Kenting and Liuqiu. The result also shows the PM2.5 concentration is higher in Kenting because of the emission from Food and beverage industry and Provincial highway because of traffic emission.
The PM2.5 concentration in Liuqiu’s increases as the number of tourists increases in the peak season. Although Liuqiu township is an PM2.5 attainment area, the air quality indeed is affected by increasing tourists. The concentration in autumn and winter, which is affected by the north and northeast wind, is higher than that in the tourist peak season.
As for PM2.5 Propaganda, design and production of relevant propagation materials, posters, education promotion for schools and surveys of satisfactory are completed.
