EPA-105-FA12-03-A130

105

15,700 千元

2016/03/11

2016/12/31

張進順

空保處

何佳祥

環科工程顧問股分有限公司

大氣空氣

固定污染源、管制策略、許可證、資料庫

stationary sources, control strategy, permit, database

許長嵐；蔡智琦

蔡智琦

02-27753919#276

francis@estc.tw

為強化與落實我國固定污染源管理制度，並務實檢討各項管理制度與規範，依據臺灣空氣清淨計畫固定污染源減量控制對策，本計畫執行項目分為4大工作重點，包括：一、整併空氣污染管制策略，建構整合性許可管理制度；二、整合現有資源，推動污染橫向管理作為；三、滾動檢討污染排放管制作為，督導地方有效落實；四、新增及擴充固定污染源管理資訊系統與提升管制資料品質等4大類別。 本計畫今(105)年度以許可證為管理平台，著手探討總量管制制度、有害空氣污染物、易致空氣污染物及季節性許可管制等管理策略納入許可管理制度之修正重點，並藉由滾動式檢討行政管理作為，建置整合性許可管理制度，其中許可管理辦法修正內容包含增修許可排放量推估依據，使得排放量計量基準一致、調整許可證變更門檻與「新(增)設或變更固定污染源空氣污染物排放量規模」一致，並研修第9批公告條件，以公私場所整廠為許可證管理單位，同時修正許可證審查指引增修與總量管制制度有關之排放量認可與指定削減等內容，以利整合許可證與總量管制制度；另針對許可管理之污染物種類則由四大傳統污染物與部分行業製程別納管之有害空氣污染物，新增空污費收費13項個別物種與氯乙烯，未來將配合有害空氣污染物管制，導入風險評估管理；至於在易致空氣污染物管理與季節性許可管制，除研擬生煤使用許可併入操作許可證之簡化管制方案外，為解決季節性空品不良影響與鼓勵使用低污染性燃料，除擬訂許可證季節性排放量核定方式外，同時公告「公私場所採行低污染性氣體燃料發電之電力設施或供應低污染性氣體燃料予電力設施使用之接收設施經審查核可之行為，免依空氣污染防制法處罰」，預計南部4座燃氣機組容量增載10%，將多發之980百萬度/年電量並估計增加約6公噸/年之PM2.5、240公噸氮氧化物/年。但相同電網進行燃煤機組降載，可減少21公噸PM2.5、472公噸硫氧化物、682公噸氮氧化物之年排放量。 有鑑於許可管理制度為空氣污染管制之基礎平台，且擁有龐大固定污染源排放量申報、定期檢測數據及原物料使用等相關資訊，為使許可證管理制度發揮更強大的預防管理機制，今(105)年度彙整各縣市提報戴奧辛稽查檢測結果與環保稽查處分系統發現，使用木材或木屑之中小型鍋爐戴奧辛超標率高達36%且陳情率為同類型鍋爐的8成；因此，本計畫參與跨部會研商會議提出應擬訂生質燃料品質規範及再利用廢棄物燃料資格限制、修正鍋爐節約能源規定及輔導大容量鍋爐、效率較好鍋爐如流體化鍋爐及具有完整防制設備之廠商作為廢棄物去化主要對象等建議；另外，為提供各縣市主管機關對於未列管工廠之查處機制，藉由固定污染源資料庫的列管對象比對公私場所營業與相關登記資訊，篩選出近7.4萬家未列管公私場所，主要集中於新北市(25%)、臺中市(21%)與桃園市(12%)，並將名單交與地方主管機關進行清查作業。而除了高污染特性鍋爐查核及未列管工廠清查外，對於環評區域的排放量管理機制，經法制化程序統一排放量計量源則一致後，本計畫彙整全國44個具環境影響評估承諾限值之工業區，希望以區域排放量管理機制及排放量核配管理平台，掌握環評區域許可量及環評量核配情形。 為了瞭解地方主管機關對於各項管制規範與排放標準落實情形，除滾動檢討最佳可行控制技術，半導體與光電業排放標準，並執行深度稽查試行外，本計畫今(105)年度以燃木鍋爐及高屏地區排放量認可查核為主，發現燃木鍋爐發現有廢木材摻雜民生垃圾與其他廢棄物、廢木材因露天堆置導致含水率增加不利燃燒及業者自行改裝鍋爐型式或購買老舊鍋爐，影響鍋爐燃燒效能等情形，而排放量認可現行已完成546家排放量認可文件核發作業，另有70家因未取得操作許可證而那入下一期程認可作業，進一步比較目標年排放量與104年實際排放量發現，硫氧化物及揮發性有機物實際排放量分別約佔其目標年排放量50%，而粒狀污染物與氮氧化物則佔38%，未來在硫氧化物及揮發性有機物仍有較大減量空間可強化執行。 固定污染源許可管理制度有賴於許可證管制、排放量申報、定期檢測及清查列管資訊等許可管制大數據資料庫的更新與運轉，在各項管制策略的研擬與規劃均能提供完整管制資訊，而為強化固定污染源資訊管理，今(105)年度更開發地理資訊系統做進一步的應用，同時也新增設備元件定期檢測申報功能，並將推動易致空氣污染物網路申報作業；另在資料品質提升工作項目，共計列管21,196家工廠，超過18萬個污染源，為維護系統及資料品質，本年度持續執行資料檢核作業，至12月1日已執行10次檢核，資料平均符合比率為90.1%。

固定污染源、管制策略、許可證、資料庫

EPA-105-FA12-03-A130(公開版).pdf

19MB

2017/4/1 上午 12:00:00

The goals of this project are to strengthen and put the management of stationary sources into practice through pragmatic review of related management systems and rules. Thus, this project divided into 4 major parts in accordance with the emission control strategies planned by Taiwan Clean Air Act. The 4 parts are 1) integrate air pollution control strategy and construct integrated permitting management system, 2) integrate the existing resources and promote horizontal management for pollution, 3) use rolling review to pollution emission control and supervise local organization for effective implementation, 4) add and expand information system management of stationary source and enhance controlled data quality. Based on the permits as the management platform this year (2016), the project started to explore the total quantity control system, harmful air pollutants, and seasonal permitting control as the key points to the revision of permitting management regulations, and using rolling review for administrative management to construct integrated permitting management policies；The amendment of the permitting management method includes the estimation of permitted emission, which makes the emission measurement to be consistent and adjusts the change of threshold for permits in accordance with「Permitting of stationary sources of air pollution」；Research and modify the condition of the ninth announcement and use the whole plant for public or private place for permitting management unit; Simultaneously, add new regulations related to total quantity control in the review of guidelines in order to integrate permits and total quantity control systems. On the other hand, for the types of pollutants under permitting management, add new air pollution charges with 13 individual species and vinyl chloride according to the four traditional pollutants and harmful air pollutants from the processes of several sectors, it will cooperate with the harmful air pollutant control and import risk assessment management；From the aspect of air pollution control and seasonal permitting control, research and simulate the permit use of raw coal to be incorporated into the simplified control scheme in order to address seasonal adverse effects and encourage the use of low-polluting fuels, plus public the Air Pollution Control Act「The power to use low-polluting gaseous fuels for power generation in public or private places or those receiving low-polluting gaseous fuels for use in power facilities shall be subject to review and approval and shall be exempted」. It is expected that four gas units in the south region will increase their capacity by 10% with extra 980 million kWh / year and an estimated increase about 6 tons / year of PM2.5, 240 tons / year of nitrogen oxides. Moreover, the same grid for coal-fired units down-load, can reduce 21 tons of PM2.5, 472 tons of sulfur oxides, and 682 tons of nitrogen oxides emissions. In view of the permitting system as the basic platform for air pollution control, and has a large stationary source emissions reporting, regular testing data and the use of raw materials and other related information. To make the permitting management system playing a more powerful preventive management mechanism, this year’s (2016) annual summary inspection results of dioxin and environmental inspection system from every county and city found that the use of wood or wood chips in small and medium-sized boilers have a dioxin excessive rate for 36% and 80% of petition rate; As a result, the project participates the inter-ministerial conference to advocate the development of biofuel quality standards, re-use of waste fuel qualifications, revision of boiler energy saving regulations, and guidance for large capacity boilers. With better efficiency boilers such as fluidized boilers and the manufactures with complete control equipment as the main object for disposal of waste. On the other side, in order to offer the investigation mechanism of unlisted plants to every county and city, which filters nearly 74,000 unlisted public or private places via the objects of stationary source control database compared to the business and related registration information from public or private places, it reveals that the main portion centralize in New Taipei City (25%), Taichung City (21%), and Taoyuan City (12%), then the list was handed over to the local authorities to carry out inventory operations. In addition to the inspection of high-polluting boilers and the inventory of unlisted plants, the unified emission sources are the same after the legal system according to the emission management mechanism of environmental impact assessment region. This project aggregates 44 industrial zones with environmental impact assessment commitments in Taiwan, it is hoped that the mechanism of regional emission management and emission control platform will be adopted, and master the permit quantity of environmental impact assessment region. In order to understand the local authorities for the implementation of various regulatory standards and emission practical status, not only executed the rolling review the optimized available control technologies, emission standards for semiconductor and photo-electronic industry but carrying out in-depth audits. This proposal focus on boilers and Kaohsiung/Pingtung area emissions recognition this year (2016), and founded out that the wood-burning boiler waste wood which mixed with livelihood garbage lead to an increase in water combustion due to open-air pile-up and under-table battered boiler purchasing. The emission of the existing 546 recognized emissions of the document has been completed operated, and 70 have not obtained an operating permit and that the next phase of operations. Further comparisons were made between the object of annual emissions and actual emissions in 2015, and the actual emission of both sulfur oxides and volatile organic compounds were accounted for 50% of the annual emissions, while particulate pollutants and nitrogen oxides accounted for 38%. In the future, sulfur oxides and volatile organic compounds still have a large space to enhance the implementation of reduction. The permitting management system of stationary source of pollution relies on permits control, emissions reporting, periodic testing and inventory control information that are updating and operating for the large database. Full control information is provided in the development and planning of control strategies. This year (2016), more development of geographic information systems have been further applied in order to strengthen information management of stationary source；Also, new equipment with periodic inspection report function were added at the same time, and will promote declaration assignment of network for air pollutants. From the aspect of information quality improvement work, a total of 21,196 factories have more than 180,000 pollution sources； Therefore, the data inspection operation this year has already been executed for ten times with 90.1% average compliance rate until December first in order to maintain the system and data quality.

stationary sources, control strategy, permit, database