EPA-106-G106-02-A219

106

4,650 千元

水質保護-海域污染防治規劃管理及海洋放流管制

2017/05/17

2018/03/31

柳大雄

水保處

陳啟仁

坤柏海洋油污處理有限公司

水質保護

國際海洋污染管制相關法規、船舶壓艙水及沉積物管理國際公約、海洋塑膠微粒污染、海洋污染執行成效、污染緊急應變、漁港海洋污染防治

International Marine Pollution Control Policy, BWM Convention, Microplastic Pollution, Marine Management Pollution Control Effectiveness Evaluation, Pollution Emergency Response, Fishery Harbor Marine Pollution Control

范致豪

趙雨潔

07-2263536#

jier1010904@gmail.com

就蒐集並研析國際海洋污染管制相關法規資訊，強化我國海域污染防治法令之管制部分，海洋垃圾防治方面，多數國家都意識到海洋垃圾污染的嚴重性，本計畫整理並例舉藉由彙整世界各國與我國近年來淨灘活動所收集到的海洋垃圾的資訊，並以法國海洋污染防治與我國海洋污染防治於法律與防治措施之整理與比較，期可為有關單位擬定海洋防治政策與法令之參考依據。亦整理世界各國關於塑膠微粒對海洋環境與生態的研究與分析，包括世界各國政府已經或是正在擬定的限塑法令，結論多為必須從塑膠微粒的源頭進行管制，故我國政府也已經提出禁止製造、輸入與販賣含塑膠微粒的產品之相關法令草案與時程，施行相對應之海洋垃圾防治計畫(如「海洋廢棄物治理行動方案」，2019起禁止大型餐飲連鎖業者提供一次性塑膠吸管， 2030將全面限塑，並結合國內NGO，定期協助辦理淨灘淨海活動)。 自海洋污染防治法施行迄今，國內歷經規模程度不一之海污或船難事件，同時亦對海洋污染緊急應變的運作及組織動員方面累積了不少經驗，惟囿於緊急應變動員經費、地區應變專業能力與設備器材能量保修等實際問題，均將左右海洋油污染緊急應變之作業效率。藉由協助辦理各縣市106年度海洋污染防治現地考核與海洋污染防治書面報告考核作業，藉由強化目前海洋污染應變作業能量與研擬海洋污染防治具體建議，期能有效增進海洋污染緊急應變系統效能，減少污染擴散與保護海洋環境資源。 為強化海洋污染防治法各項核准（許可）案件之管理，依據海洋污染防治法，公私場所從事油輸送、海域工程、海洋棄置等，需經核准或取得許可，始得為之。為確認公私場所確依核准計畫執行，各項許可案件均應由業者提送相關計畫以為審查管制，協助辦理審查我國海域從事油輸送行為業者提送之應變作業計畫書內容，並提出具體建議事項；另依據公私場所從事油輸送、海洋棄置作業、海洋設施等業者提送之計畫書內容，現地查核包括相關應變能量儲置與維護現況，且研提專業應變實務建議，另將訪視結果回饋於年度「海洋油污染緊急應變設備器材評估檢討研商會議」。期能有效增進海洋污染緊急應變系統效能，減少污染擴散與保護海洋環境資源。 經彙整各縣市海洋污染應變風險地圖與設備清單資訊、協助提供地方政府「海洋油污染緊急應變實務或桌面演練計畫」審查意見及相關建議、分析我國現有海洋油污染緊急應變能量與協助召開「海洋污染緊急應變設備器材評估檢討研商會議」、維護署內應變設備能量、提供海洋污染事件應變全時即時策略與行政支援、協助污染清除計畫撰擬及應變實務技術支援、彙整海洋油污染應變資材基本功能要求與規範暨驗收程序與重點、並研擬常見海洋污染應變資材採購以共同供應採購契約辦理之可行性評估，期能藉由強化目前應變作業能量與研擬海洋污染防治具體建議，提供海洋污染事件應變即時行政支援協助海洋污染防治應變演練計畫研擬等，以有效增進海洋污染緊急應變現場全面作業效能。 依據行政院核定「水體環境水質改善及經營管理計畫」之「活力海洋與綠色港灣-建構綠色港灣執行策略」，辦理「第一類漁港推動綠色港口海洋污染防治評鑑輔導計畫」。並於106年11月13日完成所有第一類漁港海洋污染防治評鑑輔導活動。評鑑結果顯示各漁港對於港區永續經營願景、污染防治策略、大量垃圾污染緊急應變及清除計畫與環保艦隊的推動多有妥善之規劃，並以持續朝向建構臺灣綠色漁港之方向努力。

國際海洋污染管制相關法規、船舶壓艙水及沉積物管理國際公約、海洋塑膠微粒污染、海洋污染執行成效、污染緊急應變、漁港海洋污染防治

EPA106G10602A219.pdf

133MB

106年度海洋污染管制作為暨應變機制研析計畫

2018/6/1 上午 12:00:00

For the aspects of marine debris control policy studying, it has been realized that most of countries in the world have noticed the seriousness of marine debris pollution. The researches and information of coastal marine debris in the recent years are collected and organized in this report. Marine pollution control laws and policies of France are also collected in order to analyze the Marine Pollution Control Act of Taiwan (R.O.C) and it is suggested as a important reference for the future marine pollution control policy making or law amendment. On the other hand, this study also presents the latest information regarding the impacts of microplastics on the marine environment or ecology around the world. Furthermore, the latest bans, restriction order of plastic use in other countries are also listed to show the efforts of microplastics pollution control around the world. It is suggested that the control of the source of the microbeads should be the best way to reduce the marine microplastic pollution. However, Taiwan already enforced the regulatory restrictions on the manufacture, import and sale of personal care and cosmetics products containing microbeads in January of 2018.Domestic cosmetics and personal cleaning products containing plastic particles shall not be manufactured or imported (since July 1, 2018) as of January 1, 2018. It is expected that disposable plastic bags will not be provided free of charge on January 1, 2018. The number of operators will increase from 20,000 to 100,000. Since the Marine Pollution Control Act was adopted, the authorities learned lots of experiences by dealing with all kinds of sea pollution or shipwreck incidents happened before. At the same time, the experiences of immediate response, organization, and operation of the pollution control were also accumulated. However, because some practical problems resulted from the limited funds of operation, regional immediate response, and the maintenance of pollution control equipment issues, the efficacy of immediate response of oil spill pollution was affected and cumbered. Through monitoring the maintenance and preparedness of oil response equipment of local authorities, strengthening the response of oil spill incidents, and researching the solution of the oil pollution, the efficacy of the immediate response of marine pollution shall be improved and the spread of oil pollution shall decrease to protect the marine environment. According to the Marine Pollution Control of Act, oil and gas transportation in public/private places, marine engineering and sea dumping will be allowed only by the approval of the authorities. In order to confirm no pollution occurred in public and private places, the ship owner should submit their marine pollution contingency plan for the evaluation. Therefore, the study assisted in the examination of these plans submitted by ship owners and make suggestions to improve them. This study also conducts the current check of the ability of immediate response system and maintenance of the equipment based upon the submitted plans and provides practical advice to help the authorities and ship owners. Finally, the suggested information will be reviewed as the feedback for potential future regulatory amendment in the Oil Pollution Emergency Equipment Evaluation Review and Research Conference. This study arranged all the risk management maps and equipment list of local government, analyzed the current power of immediate response system and was responsible for the evaluation and suggestion in the “Oil Pollution Emergency Response Practice/Table Exercise Conference” and “Marine Pollution Emergency Response Equipment and Equipment Review Conference”. In order to maintain the oil pollution emergency response systems build by EPA in Taiwan, this study also helped EPA to establish real-time strategic or administrative support for marine pollution incidents, to make drafting and keep contingency of pollution clearance program or technical support, to collect the basic functional requirements and specifications of oil pollution contingent materials and the acceptance procedures and priorities, and finally, to develop materials procurement to strain the feasibility of joint procurement supply contract to handle the assessment. By strengthening the current synergy of contingency work, specific advice on marine pollution can be formulated, and s an immediate administrative support to cope with marine pollution incidents can be established. These work should effectively enhance the overall operational efficiency at the scene of immediate response to marine pollution According to the “Vibrant Ocean and Green Harbor - Building Green Harbor Strategy”, from the “Water Environment and Quality Improvement and Management Plan” approved by Executive Yuan, a series of marine pollution control assessment for the first category fishing ports in Taiwan were held in 2017 and finished on November 13th in 2017. According to the results of the assessment, all nine first category fishing ports operate well in the regards of the vision of the sustainable management, the plan of the marine pollution control, the immediate response of marine debris cleaning, and the promotion of no trash dumping policy of ships. The results also suggested that all ports in Taiwan shall continue their efforts toward becoming “Green Harbor” in the future.

International Marine Pollution Control Policy, BWM Convention, Microplastic Pollution, Marine Management Pollution Control Effectiveness Evaluation, Pollution Emergency Response, Fishery Harbor Marine Pollution Control