EPA-106-FA12-03-160

106

15,620 千元

固定污染源管制

2017/03/17

2017/12/31

張寶額博士

空保處

戴忠良

工業技術研究院

大氣空氣

重大污染源、揮發性有機物、光學量測技術

Major Stationary Source, Volatile Organic Compounds, Optical Monitoring Technique

陳玉恭

陳玉恭

03-5917738#

chen1325@itri.org.tw

現今由於國人對生活環境品質高度重視，一般民眾對於工廠排放或逸散廢氣中所含物質，造成人體健康危害影響極為關注，尤其近年來民眾呼吸道疾病，特別是兒童氣喘、上呼吸道過敏比例增加，更是造成民眾對生活周遭環境之空氣污染提出抗議或陳情的主因，甚至不惜採取激烈的圍廠抗爭手段。揮發性有機物(volatile organic compounds，VOCs)的排放不僅是造成大氣中臭氧濃度增加的元兇，更是許多呼吸道、循環系統疾病、腫瘤的成因。因此，環保署大力推動相關揮發性有機物排放之管制，期望減少各類污染源之VOCs排放量，藉以提升民眾生活周遭環境空氣品質。 本計畫執行成果，在支援屢遭陳情事件調查，完成嘉義縣D1工業區及D2工業區不明異味污染源的調查工作，追蹤確認周界高濃度二氧化硫，係來自工業區內一家鉛蓄電池回收廠，主因鉛棒表面殘留硫酸電池液，於熔鉛爐焚化過程產生二氧化硫；此外協助完成雲林縣麥寮鄉C01校第二階段(106年1~6月)VCM環境監測及污染來源調查作業，追蹤PVC重合槽清洗機之清洗閥軸心(屬轉動元件)於運作過程中疑似有每8小時規律性微量洩漏(約200 ppm by PID)的情形。在減量協談及污染改善，依據前述D1工業區和C01校VCM污染來源調查結果，完成辦理二處污染源廠商之減量協談會議，並督導污染源廠商加強改善。在不明空氣污染來源追蹤調查技術移轉訓練會議，本年度共完成5場次辦理，五場次的學員合計達198人參加。在特殊性工業區周界FTIR測站數據合理性查核，完成L工業區和C工業區二處工業區OP-FTIR測站的平行比測作業，並提出相關改善建議。在調查評估面源活動空氣污染排放與逸散問題，完成新竹縣竹北市公有停車場及台中市中科管理局停車場等2場次停車場量測作業，顯示地下停車場汽車的VOC排放、引擎不完全燃燒副產物、汽油的蒸發逸散及空調系統的冷媒逸散等情形都相當顯著，PMF受體模式顯示，汽油以靜置時的逸散量貢獻比例達76.6%較多，啟動或行進間因引擎不完全燃燒所致的排放/逸散貢獻比例僅23.4%較少。在調查評估化學品槽車於運送過程揮發性有機物逸散情形，完成高雄市前鎮國小(高雄臨海工業區周邊)及潮寮社區活動中心(大發工業區至林園工業區縣道)，以及C工業區聯一道路化學品槽車之OP-FTIR量測作業，發現化學品槽車於行駛過程中有逸散排放的情形，尤其是當槽頂釋壓閥密封墊片失效遇到路面不平或停等紅綠燈時，槽體劇烈晃動便容易造成裝載的化學品揮發而逸散到大氣中，進而形成局部區域有高濃度揮發性有機物逸散問題。 在石化工廠法規符合度查核結果，無發現重大不符合規範事項，另依據歷年石化工廠法規符合度查核結果，提出揮發性有機物法規建議修訂項目及內容。在石化廠冷卻水塔之冷卻水循環流向調查，二年度石化廠冷卻水塔之冷卻水循環流向調查結果，國內石化廠冷卻水塔皆未使用鉻系水處理藥劑，另各廠冷卻水水中VOCs濃度檢測結果皆符合法規規範，且未檢出六價鉻。在研擬石化業加熱設備空氣污染物排放標準之管制策略，參考國內外石化業製程加熱設備之NOx管制內容，以及二年度國內石化業製程加熱設備之背景資料調查及檢測結果，提出國內「石化業製程加熱設備之氮氧化物排放標準」草案。在國內表面塗裝相關行業之揮發性有機物排放現況調查，完成16家表面塗裝工廠之背景資料調查作業，以及15家、共25點次車體(汽車、機車和腳踏車)表面塗裝相關工廠之排放管道或防制設備處理效率檢測作業，顯示國內表面塗裝相關行業之製程集排氣設施和防制設備確實還有改善空間，故有推動管制之必要性。在建立重大污染源工業區敏感受體區域之環境濃度基線，完成六輕工業區和仁大工業區二處之敏感受體區域之環境濃度基線建置。

重大污染源、揮發性有機物、光學量測技術

106年重大污染源計畫期末報告定稿本.pdf

39MB

2018/3/1 上午 12:00:00

In recent years, environmental pollution issues related to the (fugitive) emissions from factories have gained a great deal of attentions from the general public, as people are aware of the potential adverse health effect that might affect their quality of life. With the increasing susceptibility of respiratory illnesses, such as children’s asthma or upper respiratory trait diseases, the figures of environmental nuisance complaints has been increasing at an unprecedented rate in recent years. The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) not only contributes to the formation of ground level ozone and various air contaminants, but also triggers a variety of health problems, including respiratory illness, circulation diseases, or even malignant tumors. For these reasons, Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (TEPA) has applied several air pollution control strategies, such as permit system, emission standards, fugitive emission control, and economic incentives, on stationary sources to reduce VOC emission and improve air quality. This project completed the investigation on finding the source of an unidentified odor noted in D1 and D2 Industrial Park of Chiayi County, which has been reported several times by the local people. According to the investigation, it is confirmed that the unpleasant smell was due to high-concentration sulfur dioxide (SO2), which was produced from a lead battery recycling factoring in the Industrial Park. Sulfur dioxide was produced from the incineration (melting) process of lead rods which were contaminated on their surfaces by sulfuric acid as the electrolyte solution. In addition, this project also helped to complete the Phase II (January~June of 2017) VCM environmental monitoring and pollution source investigation work for Ciaotou Elementary School’s Syucuo Branch in Mailiao Village of Yunlin County. According to the investigation, it is suspected that the axis of the cleaning valve (rotational device) of PVC polymerization tank cleaning machine during its operation may routinely cause tiny leakage every 8 hours (approximately 200 ppm by PID). As for volume reduction and pollution remediation, according to the above mentioned pollution source investigation results of Touciao Industrial Park and Ciaotou Elementary School’s Syucuo Branch, two volume reduction negotiation meetings were conducted in this project with the owner responsible for the pollution. Supervision and guidance were provided to help the owner to strengthen the improvement work. With regards to the unidentified pollution source tracking and investigation technology transferring training, 5 educational conferences were held this year, with a total participants of 198 people. In the rationalization of FTIR data measured by the monitoring stations nearby the area of specialized industrial park, the benchmarking process between the OP-FTIR data measured by monitoring station at L Industrial Park and C Industrial Park were completed and suggestions for improvement were proposed. In the investigation of non-point source air pollution release and migration issues, the air pollution monitoring work for the public parking lot in Zhubei of Hsinchu County and the parking lot in Central Taiwan Science Park of Taichung were completed. The results indicated that VOC emission, emission of side products due to incomplete combustion, evaporation of gasoline vapor and release of refrigerant from cars in underground parking lot were quite significant. In the investigation of the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the delivery process of chemicals by tankers, the OP-FTIR measurements were completed for the chemical delivery tankers nearby Qianzhen Elementary School of Kaohsiung (area near Linhai Industrial Park, Kaohsiung), Chaoliao Community Center (County road from Dafa Industrial Park to Linyuan Industrial Park), and C Industrial Park. From the investigation, release of volatile organic compounds was found from chemical tankers in their delivery process. This problem occurred especially when the sealing packing for the pressure release valve at the top of the tanker was out of function and the tanker was undergoing bumpy road or waiting for the traffic light, such activities may cause swirling of chemicals in the tanker, which facilitates the release volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere, leading to the issue of high concentration VOCs in local areas. In the investigation of regulation compliance for petroleum (fossil fuel) factories, no non-compliance activity was observed. Furthermore, according to the previous regulation compliance investigation results for petroleum factories, recommendations for the amendment of VOC related regulations were proposed. In the investigation of coolant circulation for cooling towers in petroleum factories, according to the investigation results of two years, chromium-based water treatment reagent was not used by domestic petroleum factories. The VOCs concentration measured in the coolant of domestic petroleum factories complied with the regulatory standard and no Cr (VI) was detected. With regards to the regulatory standards for the emission of air pollutants from thermal equipment of petroleum industries, the regulations of NOx for thermal equipment in domestic and international petroleum industries were considered. Moreover, the two-year background investigation and monitoring results for thermal equipment in domestic petroleum industries were also taken into account to propose the draft of domestic “NOx Emission Standard for Thermal Equipment in Petroleum Industry”. In the investigation of VOCs emission from domestic surface coating related industries, background information investigation of 16 surface coating factories were completed. In addition, 15 vehicle (cars, motorcycles, and bicycles) surface coating factories were investigated to complete the inspection of emission route or efficiency of preventive treatment facilities for a total of 25 sites. The results indicated that there is still room for improvement in terms of the process emission release and preventive facilities in domestic coating related industries. Therefore, promotion of the regulation is essential. In the establishment of environmental concentration baseline of sensitive receptive area for industrial park with major stationary source, the environmental concentration baselines of sensitive receptive area for Formosa Plastics Corp's (FPC) sixth naphtha cracker complex and Renda Industrial Park were completed.

Major Stationary Source, Volatile Organic Compounds, Optical Monitoring Technique