EPA-107-1603-02-01

107

2,470 千元

2018/01/30

2018/12/31

王尚禮

環檢所

陳明妮

國立臺灣大學

土壤及地下水

重金屬、新興金屬污染物、雷射剝蝕感應耦合電漿質譜法、元素空間分布、金屬物種分布、土壤、植物、顯微X光螢光分析、X光吸收近緣結構、延伸X光吸收精細結構

Heavy metals; Emerging metal contaminants; Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Spatial distribution of elements; Metal speciation; Soil; Plant; µ-XRF; XANES; EXAFS

葉國楨

林慧雯

02-33664808#

huiwenlin85@ntu.edu.tw

本計畫共為期三年，總目標為發展分析土壤與植物體中重金屬濃度及空間分布的雷射剝蝕感應耦合電漿質譜法(LA-ICP-MS)，以及X光吸收光譜分析重金屬物種型態之方法，以期了解決定土壤重金屬物種和空間分布的關鍵因子和反應，以及重金屬被植物吸收和傳輸過程的機制。前兩年計畫共完成砷、鉻、汞、鎳、鉛、鎘、銅和鋅等八個重金屬於土壤和水稻根部之傳輸研究。第三年目標為完成鎵、銦、鉈、鉬四個新興汙染物於土壤和植體根部之傳輸研究。本報告書為第三年之期末報告，研究結果顯示LA-ICP-MS雖然並無法完全準確測定土壤與植體樣品之重金屬和新興金屬汙染物鎵、銦、鉈、鉬之濃度，再同一樣品之分析再現性佳，因此可用於半定量分析和空間分布分析。此外，可透過合適的內標進行校正，以提升分析的表現。此外，土壤樣品製備時建議添加香草酸為binder以減少分析誤差。在本計畫中用LA-ICP-MS測定水稻及小麥穀粒及根部土壤的重金屬空間分布，並利用顯微X光螢光光譜法和X光吸收光譜法分析土壤及植物根圈重金屬之物種型態之空間分布。結果得知，相對於鎵跟銦，鉈跟鉬容易被植物吸收累積，於土壤與植體間的傳輸較為明顯。本研究所獲得的結果顯示運用LA-ICP-MS，以及顯微X光螢光光譜法和X光吸收光譜法於土壤和植體重金屬物種和空間分布的可行性，並用來探究決定重金屬物種和空間分布的關鍵土壤反應，進而探討重金屬轉變和傳輸的機制。

重金屬、新興金屬污染物、雷射剝蝕感應耦合電漿質譜法、元素空間分布、金屬物種分布、土壤、植物、顯微X光螢光分析、X光吸收近緣結構、延伸X光吸收精細結構

環檢所期末報告定稿本.pdf

8MB

2019/2/1 上午 12:00:00

This three-year project aimed at the development of LA-ICP-MS method in conjunction with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) methods for determining the speciation and spatial distribution of heavy metals in soils and plants for understanding the key reactions and factors determining the chemical transformation and translocation of heavy metals in soils and plants. The abovementioned analytical techniques were developed to study the transportations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in soils and plants and at soil/plant root interfaces in the first two years of this project and those of four emerging contaminants (i.e. Ga, In, Tl and Mo) in the third year. Ga, In, Tl and Mo were analyzed on soil and plant samples and certified materials. As shown in the results, the accuracy of LA-ICP-MS method is not sufficient for analysing the contents of Ga, In, Tl and Mo in soil and plant samples. Nonetheless, it provides a good precision of quantification for determining the spatial distributions of different metals in plant and soil samples. The accuracy and precision of quantification by LA-ICP-MS can be further improved by the internal standard method. In addition, vanillic acid could be employed as binder for soil sample to improve the analytical performance of the LA-ICP-MS method. Subsequently, the LA-ICP-MS method was applied to determine the spatial distributions of Ga, In, Tl and Mo in the thin sections of the grain and rhizophere samples of rice and wheat. In addition, micro-XRF and XAS methods were used to investigate the spatial distribution and speciation of heavy metals in soils and plants. The results indicated that the mobilities and availabilities of Tl and Mo in soils were higher than those of Ga and In. This study has developed the methodology of using LA-ICP-MS and synchrotron-based X-ray microprobe methods to determine the speciation and spatial distribution of metals within a heterogeneous sample, such as soils and plants, and at soil-plant root interfaces using. The information will advance our understanding of the key processes that determine the bioavailability of heavy metals in soils and their transformation within the plants after metals are absorbed by the plants.

Heavy metals; Emerging metal contaminants; Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Spatial distribution of elements; Metal speciation; Soil; Plant; µ-XRF; XANES; EXAFS