107

8,365 千元

推動都市綠化及空氣品質淨化區設置

2018/10/01

2019/09/30

黃超群

空保處

隋婉君

新紀工程顧問有限公司

大氣空氣

河川揚塵、預報及應變機制、裸露地

River Fugitive Dust, early warning and contingency mechanisms, river bare land

陳詩靜

02-77313232#265

jean700926@gmail.com

環保署自100年起即協調水利署、農委會與地方政府共同辦理揚塵防制工作，為減緩河川揚塵，環保署協調水利署、農委會及地方政府依行政院102年1月7日核定「河川揚塵防制及改善推動方案（101年至104年）」權責分工，共同推動抑制揚塵各項工作，以維護河川沿岸居民舒適生活環境。106年防制揚塵再納入行政院通過「空氣污染防制行動方案」項目中，並將河川揚塵防制列為施政重點。 環保署並依河川揚塵影響程度，將濁水溪、高屏溪、卑南溪及立霧溪列為整治重點河川，本計畫蒐集國內外抑塵工法，依國內各河川特性，提出適合可行作法，本年度並協助召開4場次專案會議及辦理13場現勘，且配合相關單位現場勘查活動，透過會議協調平臺，協調各單位確認汛期前與汛期後分工、易發生揚塵區位各種防制工法及各項作業管控期程，檢討河川揚塵防制及改善推動成效。 為減緩河川揚塵對環境影響，行政院於107年4月20日核定「濁水溪揚塵防制及改善行動方案」，依「水利」、「造林」及「防災應變」三架構，統合經濟部水利署、農委會(林務局、農糧署、水保局)、環保署及地方政府(彰化縣、雲林縣)之管制量能，積極辦理濁水溪揚塵防制改善工作。 107年河川揚塵次數各河川皆較106年度降低，其中濁水溪降低15%(106年59次，107年50次)、高屏溪降低86%(106年7次，107年1次)、卑南溪降低71%(106年7次，107年2次)。108年1-9月共發生20次河川揚塵事件，其中因9月中旬受颱風外圍環流影響，分別造成卑南溪2次、高屏溪2次及濁水溪9次揚塵事件(9月共13次)，總揚塵件數較去年同期(22次)仍有減少。 107年度各河川鄰近測站懸浮微粒(PM10)濃度，較106年皆呈下降趨勢，其中卑南溪臺東測站下降6.4%、濁水溪麥寮測站下降4.0%、崙背測站下降7.8%。另受到108年度3-6月雨量較去年同期增加影響，108年1-9月各測站平均值均較107年同期下降，濁水溪麥寮及崙背測站分別下降17%及23%。 107年度河川裸露地改善及保安林新植與撫育約2,100公頃，較106年(1,200公頃)增加60%，河川裸露地改善面積大幅增加，有助於減少河川揚塵發生。如高屏溪106年僅改善73公頃，107年完成593公頃。 本計畫分析過去河川揚塵事件數據，依據專業氣象資料，經由季節、氣象條件等因子判斷，於107年10月1日起，試辦濁水溪及高屏溪河川揚塵預報作業，提供7日、3日、1日及當日空氣品質預報予河川管理機關、地方政府等提前進行預防作業。並於各河川揚塵預警測站PM10濃度達一定濃度時，發布警示簡訊通知相關人員，增加揚塵應變作業強度。 本年度計畫並辦理「河川揚塵防制工作坊」，以大安、大甲溪、濁水溪、高屏溪、卑南溪及蘭陽溪等成功案例為典範，提供各單位於裸露地改善及揚塵防制不同之作法，並瞭解各河川因地、因時制宜之作法，做為後續研擬揚塵防制策略之參考，精進河川裸露地改善及揚塵防制作為。

河川揚塵、預報及應變機制、裸露地

河川揚塵防制推動控管計畫-本文.pdf

18MB

2019/12/31 上午 12:00:00

The Environmental Protection Agency, Executive Yuan (EPA) has since 2011 coordinated fugitive dust prevention work jointly conducted by the Water Resources Agency, MOEA, (WRA), Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan (COA), and the local governments. In order to alleviate river fugitive dust, the EPA has coordinated the WRA, COA and local governments in jointly promoting various fugitive dust prevention work in accordance with the labor of division of powers and responsibilities in the “River Fugitive Dust Prevention and Improvement Promotion Plan (2012-2015)” approved by the Executive Yuan on January 7, 2013, thereby maintaining the comfortable living environment for residents along the river coast. In 2017, fugitive dust prevention was included in the “Action Plan for Air Pollution Control” items approved by the Executive Yuan, listing river fugitive dust prevention and control as a policy implementation focus. The EPA also listed Jhuoshuei River, Kaoping River, Beinan River, and Liwu River as the focused rivers of remediation. This plan collected domestic and foreign fugitive dust inhibition techniques and proposed suitable and feasible practices according to the domestic river characteristics. This year, four project meetings and 13 on-site investigations were held. In cooperation with the on-site activities of relevant units, the respective units were coordinated through the coordination platform to confirm labor of division before and after the flood period, various prevention and control techniques in fugitive dust-prone regions, and various operating control schedules, and review river fugitive dust prevention and control and improvement promotion effectiveness. In order to alleviate the impact of river fugitive dust, the Executive Yuan approved the “Action Plan for Jhuoshuei River Fugitive Dust Prevention and Control and Improvement” on April 20, 2018. Through three structures: “water conservation,”, “afforestation” and “disaster contingency prevention,” the control momentum of the WRA, COA (Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Agriculture and Food Agency, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, and Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan), EPA, and local governments (Changhua County and Yunlin County) was integrated to actively conduct Jhuoshuei River fugitive dust prevention and improvement work. The river fugitive dust frequencies of the respective rivers were lower in 2018 compared to 2017. In particular, Jhuoshuei River decreased by 15% (fifty-nine times in 2017 and fifty times in 2018), Kaoping River decreased by 86% (seven times in 2017 and once in 2018), Beinan River decreased by 71% (seven times in 2017 and twice in 2018). From January to September, 2019, twenty river fugitive dust events took place. Among them, due to the impact of a typhoon’s peripheral effect in mid-September, two fugitive dust events in Beinan River, two in Kaoping River, and nine in Jhuosheui River took place (a total of thrity times in September). Nevertheless, the total number of fugitive dust events decreased compared to the same period in the previous year (twenty-two times). In 2018, the concentrations of suspended particulates (PM10) from the test stations near the respective rivers showed a downward trend in 2018 compared to 2017. In particular, the Beinan River Taitung Station decreased by 6.4%, the Jhuosheui River Mailiao Station decreased by 4.0%, the Lunbei Station decreased by 7.8%. In addition, due to the impact of increased rainfall from March to June, 2019 compared to the same period the previous year, the stations’ average values from January to September 2019 decreased compared to the same period in 2018, with Jhuoshuei River Mailiao Station and Lunbei Station decreasing by 17% and 23%, respectively. About 2,100 hectares underwent river bare land improvement and shelter forest new plantation and tending in 2018, an increase of 60% (1,200 hectares) compared to 2017. The substantial increase in river bare land improvement areas contributed to reduced occurrences of river fugitive dust. Take Kaoping River for instance, only 73 hectares underwent improvement in 2017, but 593 hectares were completed by 2018. Through this plan, past river fugitive dust event data were analyzed. According to professional meteorological data and determined by season, climatic conditions and other factors, starting October 1, 2018, the river fugitive dust forecast trial operations for Jhuoshuei River and Kaoping River were conducted, providing a 7-day, 3-day, and 1-day air quality forecast to river management agencies, local governments, etc. to carry out preventive operations. In addition, when the PM10 concentration at the river fugitive dust forecast stations reached a certain level, warning messages were sent to the concerned personnel to strengthen the intensity of fugitive dust response operations. This year, the “River Fugitive Dust Prevention and Control Workshop” underwent planning and implementation, with the successful cases of Da-an River, Dajia River, Jhuoshuei River, Kaoping River, Beinan River, and Lanyang River as models provided to the respective units to carry out various bare land improvements and fugitive dust prevention and control practices and understand “suiting measures to local conditions and time” applicable for the respective rivers, which shall serve as a reference for subsequent formulation of fugitive dust prevention and control strategies, perfect river bare land improvements and engage in fugitive dust prevention and control practices.

River Fugitive Dust, early warning and contingency mechanisms, river bare land