EPA-107-FA11-03-A045

107

1,316 千元

空氣品質監測

2018/02/05

2020/03/31

許桂榮

監資處

張志偉

國立中央大學

環境監測及檢測

大氣汞、濕沈降、量能建置

Atmospheric Mercury, Wet deposition, Capacity building

林能暉

林達偉

03-4227151#65585

chwechang@epa.gov.tw

汞是全球性污染物，主要經由大氣長程傳輸到達全球各地，然後透過大氣乾、濕沈降回地表，進入水域生態系統，可被微生物轉化成高毒性的甲基汞，再經由食物鏈傳遞，在某些魚類體內累積至高濃度，然後經由攝食危害人體健康。要緩解此「全球汞污染」問題，必須經由國際合作，釐清大氣汞排放、長程傳輸、物理與化學轉化、沈降、排放源與受體關係等機制，據以評估「水俣汞公約」實行成效，動態調整策略，進而保護人體健康和環境免受汞及其化合物的危害。雖然已知東亞、東南亞與南亞是全球最主要人為大氣汞排放源區，但東南亞及南亞國家普遍缺乏量測大氣汞及汞濕沈降所需之超微量採樣與分析技術，成為大氣汞監測的空白區。本研究計畫目標如下：(1)推動亞太地區汞監測網(Asia-Pacific Mercury Monitoring Network, APMMN) 與環境監測技術聯合中心之拓展與持續運作；(2)促進亞太地區大氣汞監測多邊合作，強化大氣汞監測資料品質保證與管制(QA/QC)作業及國際共同監測機制，推動區域資料交換；(3)建構亞太地區大氣汞監測教育訓練平臺，協助區域國家人員培訓及監測能力建置；(4)彙整亞太地區汞監測網監測成果，充實區域大氣汞監測資訊。 主要工作為協助我國環保署與美國EPA及NADP共同合作，在既有之環保技術合作基礎上，推動「亞太地區汞監測網(Asia-Pacific Mercury Monitoring Network, APMMN)」持續運作，拓展區域大氣汞監測，由我國協助分析亞太地區國家大氣汞樣品、強化品保品管作業、施行人員教育訓練，協助亞太地區國家建立汞超微量採樣與分析能力，強化國際共同監測機制以及監測資料交換與分享，進而評估亞太地區汞排放對我國之影響。 計畫執行重要工作成果包括：(1)實驗室空間改善；(2)APMMN拓展期程規劃；(3)赴多倫多大學學習被動式大氣汞採樣技術；(4)引進被動式大氣汞採樣技術在台灣進行測試與評估；(5)汞濕沈降採樣器平行比對作業；(6)維護亞太地區汞監測網網站並更新資訊；(7)分析APMMN夥伴國樣本共574個與資料分析彙整；(8)協助斯里蘭卡、蒙古、斐濟、印尼、尼泊爾、帛琉、印度建置汞濕沈降採樣能力，並與日本合作進行採樣器平行比對；(9)赴菲律賓、印尼與斐濟指導儀器架設與維護、操作採樣及協助故障排除；(10)參與2018年「第七屆亞太地區汞監測網年會」和2019年「第八屆亞太地區汞監測網年會」會議準備工作；(11)參與「第七屆亞太地區汞監測網年會暨2018大氣汞監測研習會」和「第八屆亞太地區汞監測網年會暨2019大氣汞監測研習會」；(12)參加第14屆全球汞污染會議；(13)邀請泰國、越南、印尼、菲律賓與斯里蘭卡技術人員來台進行進階教育訓練；(14)辦理「2019大氣汞監測訓練研習會」；(15)彙整探討區域大氣汞監測資訊；(16)評估東亞大氣汞源區對我國之影響；(17)發表介紹APMMN文章於國際期刊ATMOSPHERE；(18)鹿林山大氣背景測站汞濕沈降採樣及分析。

大氣汞、濕沈降、量能建置

EPA107FA1103A045.pdf

32MB

報告書

2020/6/30 上午 12:00:00

Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant, which is distributed worldwide primarily via atmospheric long-range transport. Via dry and wet atmospheric deposition, Hg enters aquatic ecosystems, where it could be transformed to the highly toxic methylmercury (MeHg) by microorganisms. MeHg can be bioaccumulated and biomagnified through food chain to higher concentrations in some fish that could be hazardous to human health through consumption. Although East, Southeast and South Asia are major emission sources regions of Hg to the atmosphere, the ultra-trace level sampling and analytical techniques required to quantify the concentrations and fluxes of atmospheric Hg are still lacking in many countries, making Southeast and South Asia a blank area of atmospheric Hg monitoring. Therefore, this project is aimed to ameliorate this situation with following objectives: (1) expansion and continue operation of the Asia-Pacific Mercury Monitoring Network (APMMN) and the Center for Environmental Monitoring and Technology; (2) promote multilateral cooperation in atmospheric Hg monitoring in the Asia-Pacific region; strengthen the quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures of the atmospheric Hg monitoring data and international joint monitoring mechanisms; promote regional information exchange; (3) establishment of a platform for atmospheric Hg monitoring education and training for the Asia-Pacific region; assisting regional countries for personnel training and monitoring capacity building; (4) collection and organization of the monitoring results from the APMMN; collection of regional atmospheric monitoring information. Based on the existing foundation in environmental protection collaboration, we worked with the Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan, US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), and National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) on the following tasks: continue operation of the APMMN; expansion of regional atmospheric monitoring; atmospheric Hg analysis for samples from partner countries; strengthen the QA/QC procedures; personnel training; assisting regional countries with capacity building in atmospheric Hg sampling and analysis; strengthen international joint monitoring, and data exchange and sharing; assessment of the influence of regional atmospheric Hg emissions on Taiwan. Major results of this research include: (1) renovation of old clean rooms; (2) expansion planning for the APMMN; (3) visit to University of Toronto to learn passive air sampling technology for Hg; (4) introduction of passive air sampling technology to Taiwan; (5) side-by-side comparison of MIC-B and N-CON wet deposition samplers; (6) maintenance and update of the APMMN website; (7) analyses of 574 APMMN wet deposition samples and data analysis and summary; (8) establishment of APMMN sites in Sri Lanka, Mongolia, Fiji, Indonesia, Nepal, Palau and India and collaboration with Japan in wet deposition sampler comparison; (9) on-site technical assistance to Philippines, Indonesia and Fiji in wet deposition sampling, sampler operation and troubleshooting; (10) assisting the preparation of the 7th Annual Asia-Pacific Mercury Monitoring Network Partners Meeting and the 8th Annual Asia-Pacific Mercury Monitoring Network Partners Meeting; (11) attending the 7th Annual Asia-Pacific Mercury Monitoring Network Partners Meeting and the 8th Annual Asia-Pacific Mercury Monitoring Network Partners Meeting; (12) attending the 14th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant (ICMGP); (13) hosting advanced training in atmospheric Hg monitoring for technicians from Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines and Sri Lanka; (14) hosting the 2019 Atmospheric Hg Monitoring Training Workshop in Taiwan; (15) collection and discussion of regional atmospheric Hg monitoring information; (16) impact assessment of the East Asian atmospheric Hg outflow on Taiwan; (17) publication of an introduction article of APMMN in international journal “Atmosphere”; (18) Sampling of wet deposition at Lulin Atmospheric Background Station for Hg analysis.

Atmospheric Mercury, Wet deposition, Capacity building