EPA-107-E3S4-02-02

107

2,700 千元

2018/03/23

2018/12/31

王根樹

環檢所

許元正

國立臺灣大學

環境監測及檢測

事業廢水檢測、河川水體與底泥檢測、污染熱區評估、污染源鑑識模式

Industrial waste water, River water pollution, Pollution hotspot, Source apportionment

商育滿

03-4915818#4401

yumanshang@ntu.edu.tw

本計畫針對烏溪、大安溪、鹽水溪進行潛在污染排放源及河川水體污染物進行採樣檢測,以了解潛在污染源污染特徵及應用數值模式進行河川水體污染源鑑識之可行性。計畫執行前先詳細規劃環境污染調查方案,包含污染源、水體河川、底泥之採樣分析計畫,並協調實際執行三條河川環境水體採樣及檢測團隊之操作與進度,產出以化學成份分析為主體之前在污染源排放水、河川水體水質及底泥檢測資料。同時搭配本計畫執行期間蒐集研析之污染源種類與特性資訊,透過多變量分析結合質量平衡法,鑑定水體與底泥之主要污染來源並評估不同污染源之個別貢獻量。此外,針對上一年度由環保署環檢所完成之老街溪調查結果,彙整本團隊之相關經驗與成果,進行河川水體污染源鑑識模式驗證並提昇環境鑑識作業模式解析之功能與效益。同時規劃辦理計畫成果推廣研習,透過執行團隊及環保單位人員雙向交流,協助強化相關單位與人員的專業知能。 本期執行完成所規劃全部三梯次河川水體與事業廢水共計 21 個製程、89個排放水、190 個河川水體樣品之採樣工作,並陸續完成河川水體之重金屬與離子檢測分析。取得檢測數據後,嘗試透過群集分析對事業廢水成份中具污染源特性之代表性特徵物質進行分析,並利用鑑識模式之解析結果加以佐證,在事業廢水檢測結果部分,嘗試透過群集分析初步判讀具污染源特性之代表性特徵物質。同時結合污染源指紋圖譜資料,藉由受體模式,進行河川水體重要熱區之污染源鑑識與貢獻量推估工作。 本計畫彙整相關檢測資料進行收斂分析,產出:1. 針對這四條目的河川完成結論推導與後續執行的相關建議。2. 後續將透過更多的採樣分析數據,展開更細緻的鑑識模式解析,對河川水體與事業之高濃度污染物的主要來源進行評估,以提供相關政府部門進行後續污染物減量與管控的參考。3. 調查結果顯示大安溪整體水質較佳,對於往後規劃相關計畫時,有相同情形之河川流域,建議視為獨立案例持續監測,而不採用受體模式進行污染鑑識分析。4.由於台灣的河川具有陡峭與流域複雜等特性,底泥採樣的代表性常有不同的論述與見解;再者,考量颱風、強降雨等氣候因素,也增加採樣鑑識時程管理的挑戰性。建議類似計畫對底泥污染來源推估之執行方式與必要性進行進一步評估。5. 根據本計畫執行結果與現場實地場勘與採樣之經驗,提出污染源鑑識操作實作規範與建議,以提供後續污染源鑑識計畫之應用。

事業廢水檢測、河川水體與底泥檢測、污染熱區評估、污染源鑑識模式

期末報告_定稿.pdf

12MB

2019/1/1 上午 12:00:00

This project attempted to investigate spatial and temporal distributions of water pollution sources and their impacts on the river water quality. Seasonal stratified water samples were collected from selected sites at the Da-an river, Wu river, Yan-shuei river, as well as Lao-jie river. Source profiles were obtained from sampling and analysis of industrial waste water. Source contributions to river water were estimated by statistical and modeling analysis. An advance training course and a practical workshop were completed to serve the purpose of river-pollution-source-identification skill cultivation. It also enhanced the experience sharing between departments. The works of this project were summarized as follows: (1) Literature review: analytical results of pollutants in river water, water pollution source profile, and application of source apportionment models were reviewed and summarized; (2) Sampling and analysis of industrial waste water: a total of 110 wastewater samples from 89 effluent discharges and 21 manufacture unit discharges were collected and analyzed; (3) Characterization of industrial waste water: specific markers of industrial waste water were identified; (4) Sampling and analysis of river water: a total of 190 water samples were collected from the upstream and downstream areas of the potential pollution sources in different seasons, followed by analyses of 52 heavy metals and varies organic compounds; (5) Spatial and temporal distributions of pollutants in river water: temporal variations of pollutants were observed at several hotspots in each river, which were identified as the most polluted hotspot; (6) Source apportionment of river water pollutants: the percent mass accounted for measured mass (%MASS) were calculated during the monitoring periods. Potential sources of pollutants, including heavy metals, dioxins, and PCBs, and their possible locations were estimated for further investigation; (7) Modified the guideline for source apportionment of water pollution that was drafted last year for future applications.

Industrial waste water, River water pollution, Pollution hotspot, Source apportionment