Status analysis of air quality
(1) According to the Air Quality Index (AQI), analyzed the AQI>100 ratio in the past four years (2015~2018.11.15). Overall, the AQI>100 ratio increased from north to southern cities. The AQI is improved year by year, while Kaohsiung and Tainan city were largely improved in unhealthy for all groups level (AQI:150~200). In 2017, the unhealthy grades for all groups level in Kaohsiung City (6.5 %) is the highest, Taipei City (0.7%) is the lowest, and in 2018, the level in unhealthy for all groups in Kaohsiung City (5.19%) is the highest, and Taipei City and Taoyuan City (0.7%) are the lowest. For the unhealthy (101-150) for sensitive groups level that New Taipei City, Taipei City, Taoyuan City, and Taichung City were downward trend year by year. Tainan City and Kaohsiung City were increased since 2016, and Unhealthy grades for sensitive groups level is highest in Kaohsiung City (25.1%) in 2018, Taipei City (4.2%) is the lowest; in 2018 there was no very unhealthy (201-300) level ratio, Kaohsiung City (0.3%) in 2017 was the highest, followed by Taoyuan City (0.14%), Taipei City (0.06%) and New Taipei City (0.03%), Taichung City and Tainan City have no very unhealthy ratio, in 2018, the very unhealthy level only occurred in Kaohsiung City (0.3 %), none of the other five cities have a very unhealthy level.
(2) The main pollutants in AQI over 100 is fine particle matter and ozone. Ozone for eight hours average was in a certain proportion, while New North City, Taoyuan City and Kaohsiung City have some proportion of sulfur dioxide.
(3) The number of air quality indicators over 100 in Tainan city at the end of September of 2018 was 306 times that was the minimal times since 2015 (447 times in 2015 years; 443 times and 414 times in 2016 and 2017, respectively). Which declined 33 times from 2015 to November 15 of 2018.
(4) The concentration of various air pollutants was declined annually in the past ten years. The annual average and daily average of PM10 have been lower than the standards for three years average (2015~2017). Analysis of the data from 2008 to 2017, the annual average concentration was improved 26% in particle matters (PM10), and the daily average concentration was improved 30%. Although fine particle matter (PM2.5) did not meet the air quality standards, the concentration still presented an improvement trend. In the manual operation monitoring station, the annual average in 2013 was 31.1 μg/m3, improved to 23.8 μg/m3 in 2017, improved rate was 23.5%, and the concentration was 21.7 μg/m3 in end of October 2018; 24-hour average in 2013 was 80.7 μg/m3, decreased to 61.3 μg/m3 in 2017 the improved rate was 24%, and 57.5 μg/m3 in the end of October 2018. For the automatic station that the annual average concentration in 2017 was improved from 2008, the ratio is 40%; the 24-hour average was improved 34%; the hourly average of ozone (O3) was lower than the air quality standard for 9 consecutive years and was declared as the secondary control zone in 2013. From the long-term trend, the policy of Tainan City direction is accurately, and results indicated the air quality improvement strategy has achieved the target.
Reviewing the revised deterioration prevention measures
(1) Expand and controlling the bureau of the command center and correcting the tasks of each authority: The representative of the defense command center proposed to expand from the original 11 bureaus to 16 bureaus; and the Lands Bureau, Cultural Bureau, Tourism Bureau, and Labor Bureau are involved in the command center and the task of response is increased.
(2) Reviewing the list of industrial in Tainan: Re-examine the list of pollution in the certain among emission of 60 industrials which for self-control of pollution and prevention strategy book.
(3) Maintenance and management of the Tainan City air quality deterioration prevention communication group.
(4) Adjusting the timing of the establishment of the prevention and control command center, forecasting or two stations establishing the first-level warning that establish the LINE group inter-office coordination and control; the forecast or any station that has reached the third serious deterioration level is convened meeting by the Environmental Protection Bureau; the forecast or any station reach the serious deterioration level and hold an inter-office meeting in the Emergency Response Center.
(5) Completed the Tainan City air quality deterioration review and simulation exercise meeting on November 12, 2018.
Air quality deterioration emergency response measures
(1) Complete the air quality deterioration prevention process. Including determining the timing to set up the control command center, air quality trends and meteorological information, pollution source inspection and analysis the benefit of strain and reporting the results.
(2) Assisting check the pollution sources when air quality deterioration. In this project check 78 times of construction site and 29 times of factory.
(3) Reporting the results when air quality deterioration to the website which provides by EPA, 81 times in total.
(4) Daily weather and air quality prediction analysis since October 2018.
Inspection of major pollution sources
(1) Completed the PSN detection, 25 times in total. And 7 chimney pipes pollutants exceeded the standard which had been reported to EPA.
(2) Completed 3,000 points of equipment component inspection and 1 point of equipment component exceed the standard which had been reported to EPA.
(3) Complete 6-point infrared camera auxiliary detection. Two points of equipment component detection and infrared camera auxiliary detection. The other four points of infrared camera detection were used in the leak detection situations in Tainan City of 48 gas station. Mainly detecting oil hole recovery situation, vacuum pressure valve, oil discharge tank and other areas of the oil hole is leaking or not. The results show that there are 22 vacuum pressure valve leaks, 5 places of oil discharge areas and fueling island were leaked. Total of 46 oil spills occurred, and the results of the inspection were provided to EPA for improvement.
(4) Completion of the effective verification of the 6 points equipment, namely, United Renewable Energy Co., Ltd., TYC BROTHER INDUSTRIAL CO., Ltd., and Everest Textile Co., Ltd.
(5) Completed the optical radar environmental monitoring in Taiyi Industrial area for 7 days in total. The results of the monitoring indicate that should size down the pollution scope of Taiyi Industrial area. For more detailed of air quality that can monitor in the vicinity of Weixin Plastic, Taili Plastic, Tainan Textile, and Minghao. Optical radar environmental monitoring in Liuying was set up at 2 sites for 21 days in total to understand the distribution of pollution sources.
Tracking and judging pollution sources in industrial areas
This project implements on-site automatic analysis VOC monitoring in Laiwu Industrial area. The monitory site was set up in national Pei-man senior agricultural and industrial vocational school from October 25 to November 18, 2018. The fixed station and mobile monitoring station were in the downwind position of sources.
According to the background that indicated materials and process of industrials which produce VOCs, and integrating the meteorological data (including wind speed and direction), the monitoring results have been analysis the relatively high value of VOCs in the area usually occur in the afternoon to evening in the weekdays, and establish the characteristics of the VOCs in this area. Both monitoring methods show that the volatile organic compounds in the industrial zone are mainly composed of oxygenated VOCs and toluene. They are from the northwest wind transport, while acetone and toluene are contaminated more than methyl ethyl ketone and ethyl acetate.
