EPA-107-FA12-03-A143

107

17,050 千元

固定污染源管制

2018/05/18

2018/12/31

張寶額博士

空保處

劉俐君

工業技術研究院

大氣空氣

重大污染源、揮發性有機物、光學量測技術

Major Stationary Source, Volatile Organic Compounds, Optical Monitoring Technique

陳玉恭

陳玉恭

03-5917738#

chen1325@itri.org.tw

現今由於國人對生活環境品質高度重視，一般民眾對於工廠排放或逸散廢氣中所含物質，造成人體健康危害影響極為關注，尤其近年來民眾呼吸道疾病，特別是兒童氣喘、上呼吸道過敏比例增加，更是造成民眾對生活周遭環境之空氣污染提出抗議或陳情的主因，甚至不惜採取激烈的圍廠抗爭手段。揮發性有機物(Volatile Organic Compounds，VOCs)的排放不僅是造成大氣中臭氧濃度增加的元兇，更是許多呼吸道、循環系統疾病、腫瘤的成因之一。因此，環保署大力推動相關揮發性有機物排放之管制，期望減少各類污染源之VOCs排放量，藉以提升民眾生活周遭環境空氣品質。 本計畫執行成果，在支援屢遭陳情事件調查的部分，完成F01村和E01區2處不明異味來源的量測作業，並完成主要空氣污染物分析及可能污染源的追蹤工作。在減量協談及污染改善的部分，完成A01校的異味受體量測作業，藉以確認污染源的改善成效，另依據F01村不明異味來源調查結果，完成C工業區污染來源廠商之減量協談會議，並督導污染源廠商加強改善。在評估石化倉儲業及裝載操作設施有害空氣污染物排放情形的部分，完成蒐集及彙整國內外石化/倉儲業有害空氣污染物排放情形之相關文獻資料及管制策略，另完成G01港區和H01港區化學品槽區之有害空氣污染物調查作業。在強化廢氣燃燒塔排放查核管制工作的部分，完成蒐集及彙整國內外廢氣燃燒塔流量量測方法，另完成5座廢氣燃燒塔之進氣成分組成分析，並配合追蹤氣體計算廢氣成分流量，藉以比對各廢氣燃燒塔流量計資料之合理性。 在石化工廠法規符合度查核的部分，完成1家石化工廠法規符合度查核及其逸散源(設備元件、儲槽和廢水處理場)篩檢作業，未發現重大不符合規範事項，另依據歷年石化工廠法規符合度查核結果，提出揮發性有機物法規建議修訂項目及內容。研擬加嚴石化業加熱設備之空氣污染物排放標準的部分，參考國內外石化工廠製程加熱設備之氮氧化物(Nitrogen Oxide，NOx)管制內容，以及三年度國內石化工廠製程加熱設備之背景資料調查及檢測結果，提出國內「石化業製程加熱設備之氮氧化物排放標準」草案。在國內表面塗裝相關行業之揮發性有機物排放現況調查的部分，完成15家表面塗裝相關行業工廠之背景資料調查，以及選定9家、共16點次表面塗裝相關工廠排放管道檢測作業，另完成編撰「車體(汽車、機車和自行車)表面塗裝相關行業之VOCs減量改善指引」。在石化製程冷卻水塔裝設簡易式水中VOCs濃度監測設備評估工作的部分，完成蒐集及彙整簡易式水中VOCs濃度線上自動監測設備資料，另完成2種/台廠牌之TOC監測設備的實廠量測評估作業。在調查廢(污)水處理廠之VOCs排放特性的部分，完成19座廢(污)水處理廠之背景資料調查，以及5座工業區綜合廢(污)水處理廠之相關檢測作業，並依據調查及相關檢測結果，提出「揮發性有機物空氣污染管制及排放標準」中第七章廢水處理設施規定之建議修訂內容。 在評估國內空污突發事件發生時受危害人體樣本採集和毒理檢驗之可行性的部分，完成彙整國內勞動部公告11項生物偵測分析方法、美國國家職業安全衛生研究所(NIOSH)公告22項生物偵測分析方法和國際勞工組織百科全書二大類生物偵測分析方法，另經與國內研究生物偵測分析相關領域之醫療機構參訪討論結果，目前國內大型醫療機構僅建置少部分生物偵測檢驗能量，且若要建置完整生物偵測檢驗能量其經費過於龐大，因此評估結果國內要建立人體樣本採集和毒理檢驗之可行性並不高。在推動空污事件風險管理計畫書的部分，完成3家高污染潛勢工廠製程之風險管理計畫書填寫，以及3根排放管道、合計6點次之VOCs成分組成(防制設備前後)檢測作業，另參考過往重大空污事件案例，修訂風險管理計畫書內容，並提出未來推動方式之規劃內容。在檢視環保局於空污事件之預防整備能量的部分，完成彙整各地方環保局提報之空氣污染指紋資料、陳情資料、工業區平面圖等三項資料，另完成地方環保局建置之五根排放管道排氣指紋資料的合理性比對。在相關會議辦理的部分，完成3場次、共65人次不明空氣污染來源追蹤調查技術移轉訓練會議辦理，以及2場次、共68人次空污應變教育訓練辦理。

重大污染源、揮發性有機物、光學量測技術

107年重大污染源計畫期末報告定稿本.pdf

35MB

期末報告定稿本

2019/3/31 上午 12:00:00

In recent years, environmental pollution issues related to the (fugitive) emissions from factories have gained a great deal of attentions from the general public, as people are aware of the potential adverse health effect that might affect their quality of life. With the increasing susceptibility of respiratory illnesses, such as children’s asthma or upper respiratory trait diseases, the figures of environmental nuisance complaints has been increasing at an unprecedented rate in recent years. The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) not only contributes to the formation of ground level ozone and various air contaminants, but also triggers a variety of health problems, including respiratory illness, circulation diseases, or even malignant tumors. For these reasons, Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (TEPA) has applied several air pollution control strategies, such as permit system, emission standards, fugitive emission control, and economic incentives, on stationary sources to reduce VOC emission and improve air quality. The result of implementation of this project can be used to support the investigation of the incident of repeated appeals, to complete the measurement operation of two sources of unknown odor in F01 and E01, and to complete the analysis of primary air pollutants and the tracking of possible sources of pollution. In terms of negotiation for carbon emission reduction and pollution improvement, the odor receptor measurement operation in A01 has been completed in order to confirm the effectiveness of improvement of pollution source. The emission reduction negotiation meeting for companies as the pollution sources in C Industrial Park was completed according to the result of investigation of source of odor in F01 in order to urge companies as the pollution sources to strengthen the improvement. In terms of evaluation of emission of hazardous air pollutants from petrochemical warehousing industry and loading facilities, the collection and summarization of literatures and control strategies of hazardous air pollutant emission of domestic and foreign petrochemical/warehousing industries have been completed together with the investigations of hazardous air pollutants of chemical tanks in G01 Harbor Area and H01 Harbor Area. In terms of strengthening the audit and control of emission of flare tower, the collection and summarization of domestic and foreign flare tower flow measurement methods have been completed, and the composition analysis of incoming gas of five flare towers has been completed in coordination with gas tracking for calculation of exhaust flow component in order to compare the rationality of flow data of each flare tower. In terms of regulatory compliance audit of petrochemical plant, the regulator compliance audit and fugitive sources (equipment components, storage tanks, and wastewater treatment plant) screening operation for one petrochemical plant has been completed and there is no major non-conformity found. In addition, the items and contents of recommended amendment of regulation of volatile organic compounds have been proposed according to the results of regulatory compliance audits of petrochemical plants over the years. The air pollutant emission standard for petrochemical heating equipment has been reviewed in order to propose the draft of domestic “Nitrogen Oxides Emission Standard for Process Heating Equipment of Petrochemical Industry” by referring to the NOx control content of process heating equipment of domestic and foreign petrochemical plants and the annual test results and background investigation of process heating equipment of domestic petrochemical plants during a three-year span. In terms of the investigation of current status of emission of volatile organic compounds from domestic surface coating companies, the background investigations of 15 surface coating factories have been completed, and a total of 16 times of emission channel inspection in 9 surface coating factories have been completed together with the composition of “Guidelines for Improvement on VOCs emission Reduction of Vehicle (Car, Motorcycle, and Bicycle) Surface Coating Industry”. In terms of evaluation of simple underwater VOCs concentration monitoring equipment installed in the cooling water tower in petrochemical process, the collection and summarization of data of simple online automatic underwater VOCs concentration monitoring equipment have been completed. And the measurement and evaluation of factories with 2 types of Taiwanese brands of TOC monitoring equipment have also been completed. In terms of investigation of VOCs emission characteristics of wastewater (sewage) treatment plant, the background investigations of 19 wastewater treatment plants have been completed together with the inspections of 5 integrated wastewater (sewage) treatment plants in industrial park. And the content of recommended amendment of Chapter 7 Rules of Wastewater Treatment Facility of “Volatile Organic Compound Air Pollution Control and Emission Standard” has been proposed according to the results of investigations and relevant tests. In terms of the evaluation of the feasibility of body sample collection and toxicity test for victims of domestic air pollution emergency incident, the summarization of 11 biological detection and analysis methods announced by Ministry of Labor, 22 biological detection and analysis methods announced by NIOSH, and the two major categories of biological detection and analysis methods of ILO Encyclopedia have been completed. After discussion and visit of domestic medical institutions in the research fields of biological detection and analysis, currently large domestic medical institutions are only equipped with very little capability of biological detection and verification. It will take a significant amount of investment for establishing a complete capability of biological detection and verification, so the feasibility of establishing human body sample collection and toxicity test in Taiwan is not high. In terms of promoting the air pollution incident risk management plan, the composition of risk management plans for the processes of three factories with high pollution potential has been completed together with the VOCs composition (before and after the installation of preventive equipment) detections at six spots among three emission channels. And the content of risk management plan has been amended by referring to cases of prior major air pollution incidents in order to propose the plan for future promotion. In terms of examination of Environmental Protection Bureau’s capability of prevention and preparation for the air pollution incidents, the summarization of air pollution fingerprint data, data of appeals, and floor plans of industrial parks has been completed together with the comparison of rationality of emission fingerprint data of five emission channels constructed by local Environmental Protection Bureau. In terms of the organization of relevant meetings, three meetings for technology transfer training of tracking and investigation of unidentified air pollution sources for 65 persons have been organized together with two air pollution response educational trainings for 68 persons.

Major Stationary Source, Volatile Organic Compounds, Optical Monitoring Technique