108

3,450 千元

環境衛生管理-公共環境衛生管理

2019/05/13

2019/12/31

白秀華

環管處

邱惠鈞

國立高雄大學

環境衛生

登革熱、病媒蚊、孳生源、清除

Dengue, mosquito, breeding sources, elimination

蕭亦芸

07-5916980#

nightzerow@gmail.com

於登革熱未有疫情之時，若能於平時即進行登革熱病媒蚊之監測，保持登革熱病媒蚊孳生源清除之警覺，並落實孳生源清除之行為，即可避免登革熱之發生，真正做到防患於未然；另外，如何提升民眾對登革熱病媒蚊防治之警覺性、知識、態度、行為與技能等，亦相當重要。故藉由多方面之相輔相成，方能達到根本防治效果，且其為一項延續不可間斷的工作，故有必要從多方面觀點來繼續執行本計畫。 藉由本計畫之執行能增強登革熱高風險區戶外病媒蚊孳生源清除環境教育宣導工作，提供孳生源清除相關建議，以作為地方政府孳生源清除成效之參考；並辦理孳生源清除實務指導，增加民眾預防病媒蚊孳生整頓環境的相關知識及能力，且落實孳生源清除，預防登革熱疫情之發生。 本計畫依主管機關需求(如登革熱本土病例發生時)於嘉義、臺南、高雄、屏東或其他地區戶外，進行誘蚊產卵調查之病媒蚊監控，完成臺中市區大里區祥興里、大明里、東興里；太平區新光里；西屯區上石里、西平里；西區安龍里；北屯區北京里共8里，為期4週之監控，提供孳生源清除相關建議；8個里病媒蚊密度誘蚊產卵調查結果，第一週陽性率為20%至62.5%，第四週陽性率為22.2%至70%；病媒蚊種均為白線斑蚊。 配合機關指定嘉義、臺南、高雄、屏東或其他地區，追蹤複查地方政府戶外病媒蚊孳生源清除執行成果，共查核10場次，分別為台南4場次、高雄1場次；今年因北部發生本土屈公病疫情，故配合辦理其他區域之查核，分別為新北市4場次、台北市1場次。整體巡查結果發現戶外疑似孳生源容器數共683個，發現戶外孑孓件數有7件，髒亂點通報27件，總宣導人數為125人。 已於6月14日與臺南市環保局合作，於臺南市東區和平里活動中心辦理1場次登革熱戶外病媒蚊孳生源清除說明會，參與人數132人，參加者單位包括中央部會、各縣市環保局、村里里長/幹事、清潔隊、鄉鎮市區公所、環保志工等，其中以清潔隊人員及鄉鎮市區公所，參加最為踴躍，各為26%。參加者男女比例分布分別為45%與55%，年齡層以30-39歲最高為30%，對於說明會之病媒蚊防治課程、清淨家園顧厝邊綠色生活網教學與病媒蚊幼蟲活體觀察區學習情形，非常清楚及清楚者分別為96.8%、94.2%及94.9%，說明會整體滿意度高達95.5%。 完成辦理15場次病媒蚊孳生源清除相關實務作業等環境教育活動，邀請學者專家至現場指導，分別為嘉義3場次、臺南4場次、高雄6場次、屏東2場次。環境教育活動宣導總人數為1,129人，前測問卷回收1,118份，後測問卷回收809份，前後測有效問卷數687份，回收率為69.9%(687/1,129) 。環境教育活動後，民眾對於登革熱防治警覺性有4項、知識有6項、態度有5項、行為有4項、技能有8項較環境教育前提升，且達統計上顯著性差異(P<0.05)。 於108年9月9日辦理1場次專家諮詢會議，邀請專家學者，對於本計畫提供相關意見：登革熱防疫應結合網路資訊，以利年輕族群迅速掌握資訊；未來文宣設計更具創意及貼近大眾居民；持續加強室內戶外孳生源清除與環境管理，以達有效疫情控制。本計畫實際完成進度100%，符合期末報告100%要求。

登革熱、病媒蚊、孳生源、清除

EPA1085A017.pdf

28MB

2020/1/31 上午 12:00:00

If the source of dengue mosquitoes can be constantly monitored before an outbreak, and authority remains awareness to carry out dengue mosquito breeding source elimination, dengue can be avoided and achieve real prevention. In addition, it is important to improve the public’s awareness, knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and skills in dengue mosquito control. Hence, the fundamental prevention effects can be achieved by various aspects. Moreover, as it is a continuous work, it is necessary to continue to carry out this program from multiple perspectives. Through the implementation of this program, the environmental education and suggestions regarding outdoor mosquito breeding source elimination can be enhanced, and it can be offered reference for local governments in breeding source elimination in high risk areas of dengue. Practical guidance on breeding source elimination was conducted to increase the public’s knowledge and abilities in mosquito breeding prevention and environmental improvement, and breeding source elimination was carried to prevent dengue outbreak. In this program, as required by the authority (for instance: dengue outbreak), the ovitraps were used for outdoor mosquito monitoring in Chiayi, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Pingtung, and other areas, and a 4-week monitoring program was completed in 8 boroughs, including Dali District: Hsianghsing borough, Daming borough, Dohsin borough, Taiping District: Hsin-kung borough; Xitun District: Shanshin borough, Xiping borough, West District: Anlung borough, and Beitun District: Beijing borough, in Taichung City to provide suggestions of breeding source elimination. The results of ovitraps showed that the positive rates were 20% to 62.5% in the first week and 22.2% to 70% in the fourth week, and the mosquito species was Aedes albopictus. The achievements in outdoor mosquito breeding source elimination were tracked and inspected as required by the authority such as Chiayi, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Pingtung, and other areas. A total of 10 inspections were conducted, including 4 in Tainan and 1 in Kaohsiung. Due to the local outbreak of Chikungunya in the northern Taiwan this year, it was carried out 4 inspections in New Taipei City and 1 inspection in Taipei City. The overall inspection results showed that there were 683 suspected outdoor breeding source containers, 7 containers had found larvae, 27 reported dirty spots, and a total of 125 people conducting health education. In cooperation with the Environmental Protection Bureau of Tainan, a presentation of outdoor dengue mosquito breeding source elimination was held in the Activity Center of Heping borough, West District in Tainan City on June 14, with 132 participants. The participants were from various units, including central ministries, the environmental protection bureaus of all counties and cities, borough leaders/ secretaries, cleaning teams, township offices, environmental volunteers, and the participants from the cleaning teams and township offices were the most active ( 26%). The proportion of male and female participants was 45% and 55%, respectively, and the highest proportion of age group was from 30 to 39 (30%). The briefing session performance analysis, the teaching of the Qingjing Home, the Ecolife network, and the learning situation in the live mosquito larvae observation area, were respectively 96.8%, 94.2%, and 94.9%, and overall satisfaction with the presentation was up to 95.5%. Environmental education activities, including 15 practices related to mosquito breeding source elimination, were completed, and scholars and experts were invited to the sites for guidance, 3 in Chiayi, 4 in Tainan, 6 in Kaohsiung, and 2 in Pingtung. A total of 1,129 participants were educated for mosquito breeding source elimination; 1,118 pre-test questionnaires and 809 post-test questionnaires were collected, and 687 pre- and post-test questionnaires were valid (60.9%). After the environmental education activities, the participants were improved in 4 item of awareness, 6 items of knowledge, 5items of attitude, 4 items of behaviors, and 8 items of skills for dengue and mosquito control (P<0.05). An expert consultation was held on September 9, 2019, and experts and scholars were invited to provide opinions on this program: dengue prevention shall be combined with Internet information to facilitate young people acquiring information quickly; future health education designs shall be more creative and closer to the public; indoor and outdoor breeding source elimination and environmental management shall be continued to improve and achieve effective outbreak control. The program is 100% completed, which fully meets the requirements of the final report.

Dengue, mosquito, breeding sources, elimination