環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	108B304
經費年度	108
計畫經費	1,950 千元
預算科目	科技發展-環境科學及技術之研究
專案開始日期	2019/05/17
專案結束日期	2019/12/31
專案主持人	彭保仁
主辦單位	空保處
承辦人	林怡君
執行單位	中華民國計量工程學會
專案分類	科技計畫
中文關鍵字	光污染、眩光、閃爍、LED組合燈、光環境監測、光污染管理指引(草案)
英文關鍵字	light pollution, glare, flicker, LED combined light, environment light monitoring, Guide for the light pollution management(draft)
協同主持人
共同主持人
計畫聯絡人	謝郁欣
計畫聯絡電話	03-573196#
計畫聯絡信箱	bjpong@gmail.com

中文摘要	本計畫主要工作包括：（一）光污染來源閃爍評價研析（二）研析光污染源監測方法及陳情案件專案輔導（三）研析光污染管制國際規範及我國現況，研提光污染來源管理對策建議。實驗結果與各項工作分析發現重點如下： 1.戶外人體感受試驗部分，完成臺北市及新北市的3個地區共8個光源，合計實地驗證研究160人次，總實驗數320筆資料(眩光/閃爍)。閃爍評價方式的部分，環境垂直照度高於25 lx地點的閃爍頻率強度(量測值)和主觀閃爍評價的平均分數(主觀值)呈現負的線性相關，換言之閃爍量測值越高民眾感受到光源越閃爍，但環境垂直照度低於25 lx的調查地點卻呈現無相關。實務上，對於LED組合燈的閃爍管理，建議選用眩光亮度作為光污染陳情時的參考，以光污染管理指引(草案)的最大亮度光曝露建議值來管理。 2. 光污染監測部分，完成鄰近光污染源臺北市及新北市新莊區3條路線，水平照度、前方垂直照度、左側垂直照度、右側垂直照度4個方位照度各大於18,000 點次量測及前方影像平均亮度大於17,000點次量測。3條路線10 pm過後，整體的平均垂直照度有下降的趨勢，換言之，環境光有明顯的下降的趨勢。近3年光污染陳情案件之差異性比較分析部分，進行22個地方政府105年~108年6月的陳情件數共1,256件。發現陳情案件主要集中於都會區(6個直轄市、基隆市、新竹縣、新竹市、嘉義市)。光污染來源可分為廣告類、非廣告類、反射類等3大類，以廣告類占最大宗(70 %)。光污染陳情輔導部分，完成反射類、LED看板、LED跑馬燈3類型的光源的輔導與改善建議，反射類改善建議於反射的位置使用霧面與暗色材質，LED光源類改善建議降低光源最大亮度及調整播放時間。 3. 光污染管制國際規範發展現況，完成4份文件摘要，分別為美國NCSL 文件1份、中國大陸推薦標準文件1份、歐盟 EMPIR 文件1份、歐盟JRC 文件1份。光源管理對策部分，建議各地方政府參考「光污染管理指引(草案)」因地制宜訂定管理辦法，並建議運用亮度管理人工光源的眩光影響及運用垂直照度管理路燈所造成的光侵擾影響。光源的改善建議部分，建議參考「光污染管理指引(草案)」的防護與改善內容。光污染管理指引相關行政作業，共完成3場研商會議。
中文關鍵字	光污染、眩光、閃爍、LED組合燈、光環境監測、光污染管理指引(草案)

中文摘要

本計畫主要工作包括：（一）光污染來源閃爍評價研析（二）研析光污染源監測方法及陳情案件專案輔導（三）研析光污染管制國際規範及我國現況，研提光污染來源管理對策建議。實驗結果與各項工作分析發現重點如下： 1.戶外人體感受試驗部分，完成臺北市及新北市的3個地區共8個光源，合計實地驗證研究160人次，總實驗數320筆資料(眩光/閃爍)。閃爍評價方式的部分，環境垂直照度高於25 lx地點的閃爍頻率強度(量測值)和主觀閃爍評價的平均分數(主觀值)呈現負的線性相關，換言之閃爍量測值越高民眾感受到光源越閃爍，但環境垂直照度低於25 lx的調查地點卻呈現無相關。實務上，對於LED組合燈的閃爍管理，建議選用眩光亮度作為光污染陳情時的參考，以光污染管理指引(草案)的最大亮度光曝露建議值來管理。 2. 光污染監測部分，完成鄰近光污染源臺北市及新北市新莊區3條路線，水平照度、前方垂直照度、左側垂直照度、右側垂直照度4個方位照度各大於18,000 點次量測及前方影像平均亮度大於17,000點次量測。3條路線10 pm過後，整體的平均垂直照度有下降的趨勢，換言之，環境光有明顯的下降的趨勢。近3年光污染陳情案件之差異性比較分析部分，進行22個地方政府105年~108年6月的陳情件數共1,256件。發現陳情案件主要集中於都會區(6個直轄市、基隆市、新竹縣、新竹市、嘉義市)。光污染來源可分為廣告類、非廣告類、反射類等3大類，以廣告類占最大宗(70 %)。光污染陳情輔導部分，完成反射類、LED看板、LED跑馬燈3類型的光源的輔導與改善建議，反射類改善建議於反射的位置使用霧面與暗色材質，LED光源類改善建議降低光源最大亮度及調整播放時間。 3. 光污染管制國際規範發展現況，完成4份文件摘要，分別為美國NCSL 文件1份、中國大陸推薦標準文件1份、歐盟 EMPIR 文件1份、歐盟JRC 文件1份。光源管理對策部分，建議各地方政府參考「光污染管理指引(草案)」因地制宜訂定管理辦法，並建議運用亮度管理人工光源的眩光影響及運用垂直照度管理路燈所造成的光侵擾影響。光源的改善建議部分，建議參考「光污染管理指引(草案)」的防護與改善內容。光污染管理指引相關行政作業，共完成3場研商會議。

中文關鍵字

光污染、眩光、閃爍、LED組合燈、光環境監測、光污染管理指引(草案)

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	108光污染管理及陳情案輔導專案研究計畫.pdf	8MB	公開版	2020/1/15 上午 12:00:00

摘要	The main tasks of this project include, the flicker evaluations of light pollution sources, the monitoring methods of light pollution source and the petition case counselings, and the international regulations on light pollution and the proposed study of light pollution management. The following conclusions and recommendations can be drawn upon the completion of above-mentioned tasks. A total of 8 light sources in 3 areas, which located in Taipei City and New Taipei City were included in the outdoor human perception experiment. were completed, A total of 160 people were evaluated and 320 data entries (glare/flicker) were compiled. For the flicker evaluations, a negative linear correlation was found between the flicker frequency intensity and the average subjective flicker evaluation for the locations where vertical illuminance were over 25 lx, i.e., it means the higher measured flicker frequency intensity , but no correlation was found for the location where vertical illuminance is less than 25 lx. However, for the management of flicker in the LED combined lights in practice, the recommendation is to select the glare luminance as the reference for the petition of light pollution, and to manage with the maximum luminance exposure in the Guide for the light pollution management (draft). For the light pollution monitorings, three routes near the light pollution sources in Taipei City and in New Taipei City were evaluated. More than 18,000 measurements for the horizontal illuminance, frontal vertical illuminance, left-side vertical illuminance, right-side vertical illuminance, respectively. More than 17,000 measurements were performed for frontal image the average luminance. For the three routes after 10 pm, the overall average vertical illuminance shows a declining trend. In other words, there is a conspicuous declining trend for the illumination. For the differentiation analysis of the petition cases, a total of 1,256 petition cases in 22 counties/cities from 2016 to June 2019 were tabulated. Most petitions occurred in metropolitan areas, i.e., the 6 municipalities, Keelung City, Hsinchu County, Hsinchu City, Chiayi City. The sources of light pollution can be categorized as advertisements, non-advertisements, and reflections. The advertisements accounted for the largest share of petitions(70 %). For the petitions and counsellings of light pollution, the counselling and improvement recommendations in the categories of reflection, LED billboard, and slideshow LED lights were completed. With regard to the improvements in the reflection category, the recommendation was to use matte and dark materials on the reflection area. For the improvements of LED light source category, the recommendation was to reduce the maximum luminance of the light source as well as to adjust the irradiation duration. For the status of the international regulations on light pollution, four abstracts, one for the American NCSL, one for the recommended standard of China, one for European EMPIR, and one for European JRC, were completed. With regard to the light source management policy, the ‘Guide for light pollution management (draft)’ is recommended to set regulations suitable for each location in countries/cities. It is recommended to manage the glare impacts of artificial light source with luminance management, and to manage the light pollution from street lamps with the vertical illumination. For the improvements of light source, the ‘Guide for light pollution management (draft)’ is recommended for the protection and improvement. With regard to the related administrative works of ‘Guide for light pollution management (draft)’, 3 seminars were completed.
英文關鍵字	light pollution, glare, flicker, LED combined light, environment light monitoring, Guide for the light pollution management(draft)

摘要

The main tasks of this project include, the flicker evaluations of light pollution sources, the monitoring methods of light pollution source and the petition case counselings, and the international regulations on light pollution and the proposed study of light pollution management. The following conclusions and recommendations can be drawn upon the completion of above-mentioned tasks. A total of 8 light sources in 3 areas, which located in Taipei City and New Taipei City were included in the outdoor human perception experiment. were completed, A total of 160 people were evaluated and 320 data entries (glare/flicker) were compiled. For the flicker evaluations, a negative linear correlation was found between the flicker frequency intensity and the average subjective flicker evaluation for the locations where vertical illuminance were over 25 lx, i.e., it means the higher measured flicker frequency intensity , but no correlation was found for the location where vertical illuminance is less than 25 lx. However, for the management of flicker in the LED combined lights in practice, the recommendation is to select the glare luminance as the reference for the petition of light pollution, and to manage with the maximum luminance exposure in the Guide for the light pollution management (draft). For the light pollution monitorings, three routes near the light pollution sources in Taipei City and in New Taipei City were evaluated. More than 18,000 measurements for the horizontal illuminance, frontal vertical illuminance, left-side vertical illuminance, right-side vertical illuminance, respectively. More than 17,000 measurements were performed for frontal image the average luminance. For the three routes after 10 pm, the overall average vertical illuminance shows a declining trend. In other words, there is a conspicuous declining trend for the illumination. For the differentiation analysis of the petition cases, a total of 1,256 petition cases in 22 counties/cities from 2016 to June 2019 were tabulated. Most petitions occurred in metropolitan areas, i.e., the 6 municipalities, Keelung City, Hsinchu County, Hsinchu City, Chiayi City. The sources of light pollution can be categorized as advertisements, non-advertisements, and reflections. The advertisements accounted for the largest share of petitions(70 %). For the petitions and counsellings of light pollution, the counselling and improvement recommendations in the categories of reflection, LED billboard, and slideshow LED lights were completed. With regard to the improvements in the reflection category, the recommendation was to use matte and dark materials on the reflection area. For the improvements of LED light source category, the recommendation was to reduce the maximum luminance of the light source as well as to adjust the irradiation duration. For the status of the international regulations on light pollution, four abstracts, one for the American NCSL, one for the recommended standard of China, one for European EMPIR, and one for European JRC, were completed. With regard to the light source management policy, the ‘Guide for light pollution management (draft)’ is recommended to set regulations suitable for each location in countries/cities. It is recommended to manage the glare impacts of artificial light source with luminance management, and to manage the light pollution from street lamps with the vertical illumination. For the improvements of light source, the ‘Guide for light pollution management (draft)’ is recommended for the protection and improvement. With regard to the related administrative works of ‘Guide for light pollution management (draft)’, 3 seminars were completed.

英文關鍵字

light pollution, glare, flicker, LED combined light, environment light monitoring, Guide for the light pollution management(draft)