EPA034111007

109

8,575 千元

土壤及地下水污染整治策略規劃

2020/11/13

2022/11/12

范致豪

土污基管會

周伯原

國立臺灣大學

土壤及地下水

地下水管理、永續發展、氣候變遷

Groundwater management, Climate change, Sustainable development

潘述元；林文勝

黃雅甄

02-33661894#

jenny92920@gmail.com

水資源之永續發展為世界各國經濟發展之重要關鍵。臺灣長期受到水文、地理條件與產業發展的影響，造成地面水已不足以滿足用水需求。有鑑於近年全球氣候異常導致澇旱災害頻傳，亦造成社會經濟損失，因此，地下水資源開發與保育實為臺灣水資源管理與國家發展之重點。然而，部分地區因產業發展、土地利用與水源供應等三者間未能平衡考量，導致在水資源貧乏地區長期大量抽取地下水，造成地下水鹽化、地層下陷、長期淹水及國土流失等問題。此外，部分地區受到自然地質因素影響而導致水質品質不佳，甚至受到農業、工業、民生排放廢污水之影響，而呈現水質污染情形，皆嚴重影響我國水資源之永續利用。 臺灣地下水資源主要問題為抽補失衡與質量未能兼顧。國內近二十年來已逐步建立地下水水文地質、水位、水質等地下水環境監測資料，並提供各類型的地下水環境資訊平臺，以期能達到地下水水資源開發規劃與永續經營之目標。然而，當前地下水資源管理仍面臨以下問題：(1)政府組織與管理權責分散；(2)水質與水量評估分行併進；(3)產業發展與氣候變遷衝擊；(4)缺乏地下水資源整體指導方針。爰此，環保署辦理「地下水永續管理策略計畫」，初步規劃重點課題包含「地下水資源永續管理策略」、「優化地下水管理系統資料分析與決策支援量能」、「研提氣候變遷地下水調適策略」、及「推動地下水資源管理施政方針」，以達到地下水永續管理之目標。

地下水管理、永續發展、氣候變遷

EPA034111007_報告+附錄.pdf

88MB

2023/1/27 上午 12:00:00

Sustainable development of water resources is the key element of economic growth in every country around the world. In Taiwan, hydrology, geographical condition and industrial development have put significant pressure on the usages of water resources, causing that the supply of surface water cannot satisfy the water demand. Furthermore, due to climate change, drought and flood events occurred more frequently and caused social and economic loss in recent years. Therefore, exploitation and conservation of groundwater resources are crucial to water resources management and development in Taiwan. However, imbalance among industries development, land use and water supply leads to the overexploitation in some regions, which results in the problem of groundwater salinization, land subsidence, flooding, and coastal erosion, and etc. In addition, certain regions encounter natural contamination of poor groundwater quality because of physical geology, or water pollution coming from wastewater discharge from agriculture, industry and domestic releases. All the situations have a great impact on sustainable use of water resource. The two major difficulties of groundwater resources management in Taiwan are the imbalance between recharge and exploitation and no simultaneous consideration to both water quality and quantity. Agencies in Taiwan have established groundwater monitoring database including hydrological and geological information, water level, and water quality. Groundwater information platform also had been established to assist in groundwater exploitation planning and sustainable development. However, groundwater resource management still encounters several issues currently: (i) governing authorities and responsibilities of groundwater are dispersed in different agencies; (ii) evaluation of water quality and quantity are not considered simultaneously; (iii) industrial development and climate change impact should be addressed; (iv) an integrated groundwater resource management guideline is needed. To deal with these issues, Taiwan EPA complies the “Sustainable Strategy of Groundwater Management Program”, which contains four main tasks, including the proposition of sustainable management strategy of groundwater source, the improvement of groundwater management data analysis and capacity of decision supporting system, the proposal of groundwater adaptive strategy under climate change and the promotion of groundwater resource management policy, to accomplish the goal of sustainable groundwater management.

Groundwater management, Climate change, Sustainable development