110

10,851 千元

2021/08/01

2022/07/31

林漢城

臺東縣環境保護局

林威志

富聯工程顧問股份有限公司

大氣空氣

卑南溪、河川揚塵、水覆蓋工法

Beinan Creek, River Dust, Water cover method

蔡忠憲

02-37652101#

shain0411@geci.com.tw

臺東市長年飽受卑南溪河川揚塵影響，每當冬季或颱風侵襲前，常因強勁之東北季風或颱風侵襲前之外圍環流影響，造成嚴重之「風飛砂」災害，98年揚塵事件日高達32日，PM10最大濃度達2,000（μg/m³），當風飛砂發生時，大小砂粒與微塵隨風揚起四處飄散，整個臺東市便籠罩在灰濛的砂塵中，戶外能見度相當低，且空氣品質甚為惡劣，對於臺東市區居民交通安全與生活品質造成相當大之影響，為此臺東縣環保局100年起提出「卑南溪河川揚塵防制及改善推動計畫」（簡稱本計畫），期透過計畫建立卑南溪風砂揚塵之預警、通報、宣導及水覆蓋實兵演練等機制，使受卑南溪風砂揚塵之民眾，得以在揚塵來臨前提早因應防範。 本計畫彙整歷年各類測站（臺東、關山、利吉、仁愛國小、森林公園及五處維型感測器）資料、河川特性、河川地區土地覆蓋現況（或揚塵好發狀況）等，購買衛星圖資（每月1幅，共6幅），判識卑南溪流域河床組成樣態，111年度卑南溪河床裸露地平均約占23%以上，其次為含水灘地約31%，植被地約23%，水體約23%，並進行PM10濃度模擬增量，執行20次裸露地巡查，結合所有資訊，規劃出卑南溪河川揚塵好發區，利吉大橋上游至出海口、寶華大橋上下游及電光大橋上下游區段，在東北風、北風及南風吹襲下（3m/s），容易發生河川揚塵。為此，計畫期間於中華大橋上、下游至出海口區進行實兵演練施作水覆蓋工法，執行175工作車次（300型怪手），施作累計面積達522.73公頃，水覆蓋面積達876公頃，並於東北季風盛行季節，針對易受河川揚塵影響區域執行道路環境清理作業99車次，洗街長度達9,207公里，TSP削減量共達312.10公噸，PM10削減量達116.46公噸。 此外為讓民眾及緊急應變各單位能提前因應，建置河川揚塵預報機制，透過揚塵一把罩APP及10處LED顯示器（電子看板）提供未來24、48小時揚塵預報及空氣品質即時資訊，並辦理3場內部、2場專業知識及2場河川揚塵巡守隊等教育訓練，共188人次參與，藉以提高應變人員專業知識及觀念。每季召開揚塵防制區域聯繫會議，共辦4場次，邀請懸浮微粒物質災害防救應變單位參加，共140人參加，以了解權責分工，整合資源，強化各單位應變機制，暢通討論及溝通管道，並彙整各單位防制揚塵成效。 計畫期間辦理10場次河川揚塵防制宣導活動，藉由宣導活動建立社區民眾及學校生師揚塵防制自我保護觀念，推廣中央及地方防制之努力，並透過VR實境短片、揚塵防制成果影片等創意宣導帶來更加多元宣導方式，藉由短片替代前往卑南溪現場，宛如親臨現場瞭解，搭配VR虛擬實境眼鏡，更能加深民眾體驗感，參與總人數達1,004人，綜合以上場次宣導活動回收問卷數量為969份，整體活動規劃滿意度達86%。 經由上述之工作項目執行，110年度因盧碧、圓規颱風豪雨影響，造成水覆蓋全毀，八河局與環保局積極投入修復水覆蓋，讓河床持續保持濕潤狀態，但在修復期間，遇颱風外圍環流及東北季風增強，10月臺東測站發生2日揚塵事件日，關山測站1日，經各應變單位執行應變措施後，2小時內已將PM10濃度下降至150（μg/m³）以內。依據臺東測站104至111年7月間分析河川揚塵逸散條件，在風速3（m/s）以上，風向北、東北、西北風發生揚塵事件日比例站57%以上，經統計110年8月至111年7月期間，共有98日（397小時）符合上述設定條件，預測會發生揚塵事件日，在施作水覆蓋工法後，僅發生2日（3小時）揚塵事件日，改善日比率達98%。110年度臺東PM10濃度僅達18.4（μg/m³），111年16.24（μg/m³），為全國最低，同時締造臺東市連續24個月無揚塵事件日發生之成果，河川揚塵防制成效相當顯著。

卑南溪、河川揚塵、水覆蓋工法

110年度卑南溪計畫-期末報告定稿本(全).pdf

48MB

110年度臺東縣卑南溪河川揚塵防制及改善推動計畫期末報告定稿本

2022/9/1 上午 12:00:00

Taitung City has been affected by dust from the Beinan River for many years. Whenever winter or before a typhoon hits, it is often affected by the strong northeast monsoon or the peripheral circulation before the typhoon, causing a serious "wind and sand" disaster. The dust incident in 1998 On the 32nd of the day, the maximum concentration of PM10 reached 2,000 (μg/m³). When the wind blowing sand occurred, the large and small sand particles and fine dust were scattered around with the wind, and the entire Taitung City was shrouded in gray sand and dust, and the outdoor visibility was comparable. The air quality is very low and the air quality is very poor, which has a considerable impact on the traffic safety and quality of life of residents in Taitung City. For this reason, the Taitung County Environmental Protection Bureau has proposed the "Beinan River Dust Control and Improvement Promotion Plan since 100 years." "(abbreviated as this project), through the project, we hope to establish mechanisms for early warning, notification, publicity, and actual water coverage of dust and sand in Beinan Creek, so that the people who are affected by the wind and sand in Beinan Creek can come before the dust. Take precautions in advance. This project collects data from various stations (Taitung, Guanshan, Liji, Renai Ai Primary School, Forest Park, and five dimensional sensors), river characteristics, and current land cover in river areas (or dust prone conditions) over the years. , purchased satellite images (one piece per month, 6 pieces in total), and judged the composition of the riverbed in the Beinan River Basin. In 2011, the bare land of the Beinan River bed accounted for more than 23% on average, followed by the water-bearing beach about 31%. The vegetation area is about 23%, and the water body is about 23%, and the PM10 concentration simulation increment is carried out, and 20 inspections of the bare land are carried out. Combined with all the information, the dust-prone areas of the Beinan River are planned, and the upstream of Liji Bridge to the sea outlet and Baohua The upstream and downstream sections of the bridge and the upstream and downstream sections of the Dianguang Bridge are prone to river dust under the blowing of northeast, north and south winds (3m/s). To this end, during the plan period, the water coverage construction method was carried out on the upper and lower reaches of the Zhonghua Bridge to the estuary area, and 175 working trips (300-type monster hands) were carried out. , and during the prevailing season of the northeast monsoon, 99 vehicles of road environmental cleaning operations were carried out in the areas susceptible to river dust. The length of street washing was 9,207 kilometers, the TSP reduction amounted to 312.10 metric tons, and the PM10 reduction amounted to 116.46 metric tons. In addition, in order to allow the public and emergency response units to respond in advance, a river dust forecast mechanism was established, and the dust forecast and air quality real-time information in the next 24 and 48 hours were provided through the dust cover APP and 10 LED displays (electronic signboards). Managed 3 internal, 2 professional and 2 river dust patrolling trainings, with a total of 188 people participating, in order to improve the professional knowledge and concepts of the responders. A total of 4 meetings are held every quarter, and a total of 140 people from suspended particulate matter disaster prevention and response units are invited to participate in order to understand the division of power and responsibilities, integrate resources, strengthen the response mechanism of each unit, and facilitate discussion and communication. Pipes, and collect the dust control effect of each unit. During the plan period, 10 publicity activities on river dust prevention were held. Through the publicity activities, the community, students and teachers of schools and teachers established the self-protection concept of dust prevention, and promoted the efforts of central and local prevention and control. Creative propaganda such as the prevention and control results video brings more diverse propaganda methods. The use of short films instead of going to the Beinanxi scene is like visiting the scene to understand it in person. With VR virtual reality glasses, it can deepen the public's experience. The total number of participants reached 1,004 969 questionnaires were collected from the above-mentioned publicity activities, and the overall activity planning satisfaction reached 86%. Through the implementation of the above work items, due to the influence of Lubi and Compass typhoons in 2011, the water cover was completely destroyed. The Eight Rivers Bureau and the Environmental Protection Bureau actively invested in the restoration of the water cover to keep the riverbed continuously moist. However, during the restoration period, the typhoon encountered The peripheral circulation and the northeast monsoon have intensified. In October, the Taitung station occurred on the 2nd day of the dust event, and on the 1st day at the Guanshan station, the PM10 concentration had been reduced to 150 (μg/m³) within 2 hours after the response measures were implemented by various response units. within. According to the analysis of the river dust emission conditions from 104 to July 111 at the Taitung Station, when the wind speed is above 3 (m/s) and the wind direction is north, northeast, and northwest, the daily proportion of dust events is more than 57%. From January to July 2011, a total of 98 days (397 hours) met the above set conditions, and the dust event days were predicted to occur. After the water covering construction method was applied, only 2 days (3 hours) of the dust event days occurred, and the improvement rate reached 98. %. The PM10 concentration in Taitung was only 18.4 (μg/m³) in 110 and 16.24 (μg/m³) in 111, the lowest in the country. At the same time, Taitung City achieved the result that no dust incidents occurred for 24 consecutive months, and the river dust control was effective. quite significant.

Beinan Creek, River Dust, Water cover method