The collection of mobile source emission control fee from fuel industry was categorized by the sales of fuel type, it was later consigned to local government for the use of air pollution control. This program dealt with the formalities of control fee to be in accordance with the law. Additionally, in order to control the emission from vessel and aircraft, Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan (EPA) implemented diversified management to keep in line with international standard. This program has completed periodic updates of relevant pollution sources and rolling review of strategies. The implementation focus on improving the breadth, depth and application of emission inventory. Which includes reviewing the accuracy of existing emission estimation model, update emission inventory and estimation parameters to the latest international practices. The allocation of spatial and temporal data will be used as a reference for the research and development of air pollution control fee and the analysis of the impact of port emissions on air quality. In terms of strategic review, with the aim of providing feasible action and regulation domestically, this program updates the latest international convention continuously. Which put emphasis on the autonomous management of business units in the port zone, study international covenant on cutting sulphur oxides measures in order to reduce port area air pollution, such as the application of shore power and Maritime Emissions Treatment System. The results of this program are summarized as follows:
1. This program completed the preliminary review and verification of air pollution control fees for mobile pollution sources from November 2020 to September 2021, and support local government in allocating matters. No abnormalities were shown in the inspection results. In addition, maintaining the mobile pollution source air pollution control fee declaration system, all 4 time scanning result shown risk-free. Eventually, implementing the collection of air pollution control fees for mobile pollution sources from November 2020 to August 2021. The inspection of the amount of fuel issued by counties and cities are all correct in total of 26 times inspection.
2. Compile international shore power costs and statistics on the number of ships with shore power worldwide. According to the applicable ship type of shore power, there is a significant difference between 7 million US dollars to 80 million US dollars in construction costs. At present, the number of ships that are applicable to shore power is about 2% globally.
3. Visit domestic airlines and high-voltage shore power terminals, and compile the challenge of promoting shore power. Which includes, the lack of shore power connection professionals in national management unit, the shore power location differences between domestic and international, and unstable power supply, etc.
4. Formulate air pollution control fee policy and draw up the fee rate in port area. It is expected that through the collection of air pollution control fee, the willingness of using shore power in port operation, management units and the shipping industry will be enhanced.
5. Make use of shore power as an economic incentive to set air pollution control fee rates in the port area. Overviewing current shipping port fees and commercial port service fees, cargo ships need to increase the port entry fee by 0.8%-1.5%, which is the type of ship with lower impact. On the other hand, cruise ships need to increase the entry fee by 428%~843%, which is the mostly impacted ship type.
6. Same as previous years, according to the estimation result of port emission inventory. Kaohsiung Port remains with the highest air pollution emission among all, following up with port of Taichung and Keelung. The are 13,620 tons, 10,033tons and 3,553 tons of NOX emissions respectively. And 1,653 tons, 1,606 tons and 308 tons of SOX emissions respectively.
7. Airport emissions shown a significant decline this year, due to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. The NOX emissions from Taoyuan International Airport were approximately 1,439.2 tons in the year of 2020. Although Taoyuan International Airport still remains with the highest emission among all 4 airports, however, the emission declined 46% compare to the year of 2019.
8. Backtracking ocean liner’s emission using the estimate relevant parameters such as engine and ship based on annual emission. The revised emissions from NOX are between 4.6 tons to 1,623.8 tons, and 1.4 metric tons to 555.2 metric tons from SOX emissions. Overview the historical emissions data based on same benchmark, SOX emissions have shown a significant decline from 2019 to 2021, which reflects the benefits of the low-sulfur fuel policy.
9. Analyze the data from air quality monitoring station near the port area. The air quality monitoring stations near Keelung Port, Taichung Port, and Kaohsiung Port have decreased significantly. It shows that after the implementation of low-sulfur oil policy in year 2019, there is an improvement on air quality to some degree in near-by areas.
10. Through the establishment of Taiwan Emission Data System, this program overviewed the contribution of port area emission from all city in Taiwan. The contribution of NOX and SOX from ships are comparably high in Keelung Port and Kaohsiung Port. The ratio of contribution from SOX emissions are 9.9% and 11.4%, NOX emissions are 35.2% and 23.5% respectively.
11. The implementation status of clean air act for pollution control in the port area are shown as following. The action of ship speed reduction hits a 46.05% achievement rate as of September, 2021. The shore power successfully connected 20 times in the period of Kaohsiung Container Terminal No.4 Shore Power Pilot Project, it was Estimated to reduce about 4.5 tons of NOX emissions and 0.8 tons of SOX emissions.
12. This program provides various consultations and participate in meetings with the EPA. Hosted a conference about feasibility assessment of tightened rules on fuel sulfur content, and a workshop about the estimation of shore power air pollution reduction.
