This project is divided into four categories: formulate air pollution control policies of stationary pollution sources under Net-Zero transition, enhance fuel substitution or improvement, enforce process improvements through replacing old devices with new ones and reduce emission intensity, and build domestic air pollution emission factors.
In response to climate change issue, Taiwan’s Executive Yuan announced Plan for Taiwan's Pathway to Net-Zero Emissions in 2050 which carried out transition strategies such as secure energy, competitive industry, sustainable lifestyle, and resilient society. Among them, there are related industrial transformation issues with air pollution control, including process improvement, energy conversion, and circular economy. By grasping the domestic net-zero path, the direction of second-phase air pollution control scheme and international mutual beneficial strategies and practices, this project extracted the key points of short-, mid-, and long-term control of domestic stationary pollution sources, including aspects of raw material and fuel management, process efficiency upgrade, and regional comprehensive management.
In terms of fuel substitution in source control, the project summarized current problems of fuel use and control through on-site visits and exhaust pipes testing. Combining the concepts of resource recycling, waste removal and air quality maintenance, this project reviewed current recycling-fuels–relating regulations at the level of composition management, restrictions on facilities that are able to use certain fuels, specifications for control facilities users shall set up, and waste gas emission standards, and completed drafting 3 regulations including Use of Fuels shall Conform to The Co-firing Ratio and Component Standard in Stationary Pollution Source of Public and Private Premises, Co-firing Ratios and Component Standards for Fuel Used in Stationary Pollution Sources, and Emission Standards of Air Pollutant from Boiler. In order to provide authorities and public and private premises guidelines on how to implement the above-mentioned regulations and how to set up prevention facilities, respectively, this project further established technical guidebook for key users of recycling fuels.
In the past, boilers were controlled with a two-pronged approach, including mandatory emission standards and subsides. Considering that boilers are important sources due to their fuel and energy use, this project took stock of the basic information on domestic boiler use, analyzed actual fuel usage reported by public and private premises, and monitors the progress of boiler improvement or replacement operations regularly. Regulatory trend of combining boiler air pollution emission standards with energy efficiency standards has been seen abroad (such as Japan's low NOx and low CO2 small combustion certification label, the US OBES standard). Regarding the related strategies of promoting process improvement of net-zero and air pollution in the next stage, this project suggested that in the future, multiple means should be combined to promote the upgrading of the boiler manufacturing industry and lower air pollution and carbon emissions with tightened air pollution control, energy efficiency improvement, and economic incentives.
As continuously improvement on the precision of stationary pollution sources management, even on air quality standards and goals, air pollution emission inventories, air quality model simulations, etc., the establishment of domestic emission factors is an important basis for emission estimation. This project extended the structure and SOP established previously, and complied related projects’ progress, common problems and difficulties of the domestic emission factors establishment. This project also proposed a priority list for establishing domestic emission factors for stationary pollution sources based on processes’ type, quantity, emission impact and administrative considerations. Based on the list, this project selected 3 processes, including print circuit board (PCB), copper clad laminate (CCL) and ceramic clay/tile manufacturing and completed the establishment of their domestic emission factors.
In order to implement the regulations, this project held 7 meetings: 5 regulatory discussion and explanatory meetings, and 2 expert-consulting meetings. Suggestions put forward by industries and experts were incorporated in this plan as reference for policy planning.
