112

15,013 千元

移動污染源管制

2023/03/10

2023/11/30

蘇淳太

環境部大氣環境司

周穎志

景丰科技股份有限公司

大氣空氣

排放清冊、港區污染、管制策略、燃料查核

Emission Inventory, Port Area Pollution, Control Strategy, Fuel Audit

廖志嘉

02-23778011#

black@simenvi.com.tw

環境部為正視船舶及航空器排放問題及順應臺灣2050淨零排放路徑之國家重點政策，落實移動污染源多元化管理並與國際接軌，於本計畫針對相關污染源完成資料週期性更新及策略滾動檢討。執行重點係以提升港區清冊之廣度、深度及應用面為主軸，蒐集國際最新推估方法，重新檢視既有排放量推估模組正確性，並更新排放量推估相關參數，進而建置港區及航空站清冊。於排放量應用上，本計畫透過時間及空間之分配、歷年排放量變化情形及未來年排放負荷，進而檢視各項污染管制措施之效益。在策略檢討方面，著重於蒐研因應國際公約最新海運溫室氣體減量目標，國際間相關管制作法、應對措施及新興燃料發展，並持續更新國際公約最新議案，針對國內法制面提供可行之配套作為。 針對移動污染源燃料管制部分，本計畫蒐集各國移動源油品管制規範及國內外新興替代燃料發展情形，評估國內落實之可行性。於國內油品查核，實際執行移動污染源燃料採樣及查核作業，共計完成車用汽、柴油各7組、航空及船舶燃油各7組樣品之採樣及檢驗工作，各測項均符合「移動污染源燃料成分管制標準」，並蒐集及分析地方環保局移動污染源油品稽查專案成果資料，作為後續移動污染源空污改善政策研擬之用。 本年度計畫工作成果摘述如下： （一）完成13座新增國內航空站推估範疇之基礎資料盤點及推估模組建置，並完成蒐集港區、航空站及領海清冊推估所需相關參數及建置111年18座港埠、17座航空站、領海及漁船排放清冊。 （二）歷年排放趨勢部分，航空業持續受到新冠肺炎（COVID-19）疫情影響，航班起降架次仍無明顯提升，整體排放相較疫情前（108年）約降低48%，航運業以郵輪受到影響較為明顯，惟郵輪並非國內進出港主要船種，因此港區變化幅度相較航空站平緩。 （三）透過全國排放清冊（TEDS 11.1）與本計畫清冊建置成果，檢視港區及航空站於所在縣市污染排放貢獻情形，於本島部分，港區之空氣污染物（TSNV）排放貢獻占比以基隆市及高雄市最高，分別為13%及20%；於離島部分，港區之空氣污染物排放貢獻占比以連江縣51%居於首位。 （四）彙整國際間岸電相關管制措施及追蹤國內高壓岸電使用情形，研提「行政院環境保護署審查開發行為空氣污染物排放量增量抵換處理原則」修正建議，調整使用岸電抵換額度，增加使用岸電誘因。 （五）研析國內港區及航空站管制情形及國際間最新污染管制措施，擬定國內可行之減量建議，港區部分，配合環境部當前政策方向，以船舶停泊期間污染減量為首要目標，建議以發展綠色能源、引進減量政策及設備等；航空站部分仍以飛航安全為優先考量，相關建議以行為管制為主，包含降低引擎惰轉、降低起飛推力等。 （六）追蹤空氣污染防制方案之港區污染管制執行情況，截至112年10月減速達成率為47.2%，較111年提升0.2%，具高壓岸電船舶停靠高壓岸電碼頭，使用岸電率為86.8%，較111年下降約5%。 （七）分析各項船舶空污費可行費基，建議採用現行固定污染源收費費率，並規劃分級徵收制度，依船舶使用岸電、超低硫燃油及替代燃料等減量措施，提供定額減免，進而提升航商自主減量意願，改善港區空氣品質。 （八）若以本計畫建議之船舶空污費率結合現行港埠相關費用，船舶空污費徵收後，預估將提升約7.4%~28.8%船舶進入我國各港口費用，惟國際商港港埠業務費已於112年調整10%，船舶空污費徵收勢必再次衝擊國內海運產業。 （九）完成車用汽、柴油共14組，以及航空燃油及船舶燃油共14組，總計28組樣品之採樣及檢驗作業，其檢測結果均符合「移動污染源燃料成分管制標準」。 （十）彙整國際各國油品管制標準，考量我國車用汽、柴油之市場需求及環境因素，整體而言我國目前汽、柴油之管制標準皆已符合國際趨勢。 （十一）彙整國內外永續航空燃油、生質船舶燃油以及綠色甲醇燃料等替代燃料及新興生質燃料之推動現況與趨勢等相關資料。 （十二）蒐集船舶燃油稽查相關資料，並依據本計畫登船採樣之實務執行情形，以及協助辦理之聯合海巡署、環境部及地方環保局等3單位執行之海上船舶聯合稽查的實際執行狀況，研提「船舶污染改善與稽查原則」之精進建議。

排放清冊、港區污染、管制策略、燃料查核

112AA075-112年港區及航空站污染減量策略推動暨移動污染源燃料查核計畫.pdf

64MB

2024/4/8 上午 12:00:00

In order to meet the national key policy of Net-Zero Emission Roadmap by 2050, the Ministry of Environment (MOENV) faces up to the emission from harbor and airports for aligning with international standards. This program helps MOENV to focus on updating the emission inventory of several pollution sources periodically and investigating the control effect of emission mitigation strategies. The key of implementation focus on improving the breadth, depth and application of the emission inventory. Reconfirm the correctness of emission estimation modules and update the relevant parameters of the emission estimation by collecting the latest international estimation methods, which in turn build emission inventory of port areas and airports. Regarding the application of emission, this program examines the effectiveness of harbor and airport control measures by analyzing time series and grid space of emission distribution, viewing the changes of emissions over the years and estimating emissions loads in the future. In terms of reviewing strategic of emission control, this program focus on researching the control measure and responded of countries and the development of alternative fuels whereby adapt to the latest maritime greenhouse gas reduction targets by IMO. This program also update the latest proposals on Marine Environment Protection Committee continuously and provide feasible supporting measures for domestic execution. As far as the control of fuels from mobile pollution sources, this program allocates and analyses the regulations of mobile pollution source oils in various countries and the development of emerging alternative fuels at home and abroad, and then evaluates the feasibility of domestic implementation. As for the sampling and inspection work of domestic mobile pollution source fuels was completed, this program finished 7 sets of gasoline, 7 sets of diesel, 7 set of aviation fuel, and 7 sets of marine fuel inspection. These tests all meet the regulatory standards of “Amendment to the Standards for the Composition of Mobile Pollution Source Fuels”. This program also provides measures of control policies on mobile source by collecting and analyzing the fuel inspection of mobile source by local government. The achievements of this program are summarized as follows: 1. Completed the data inventory and estimation model construction for the estimation of 13 new domestic airports, and collected the relevant parameters which required for estimation of port areas, airports and territorial sea inventories, and then constructed emissions inventories among 18 ports , 17 airports, fishing vessels and territory sea. 2. The emission from airport during COVID-19 epidemic period was estimated 48% lower than before the epidemic. On the other hand, the emission from ship showed cruise ships affected the industry of shipping significantly. However, cruise ships were not the main type of ship entering and departing domestic ports. Therefore, the changes in port areas is smaller than at airports. 3. To examine the pollution emission contribution of the harbors and airports in the counties and cities by the National Emissions Inventory (TEDS 11.1) and the inventory estimate results of this program. In the main island, the highest emission of harbor contribution is Keelung and Kaohsiung, accounting for 13% and 20% respectively. In the outlying islands, the highest emission of harbor contribution is Lianjiang, accounting for 51% 4. Compiled international control measures related to shore power and tracked the domestic use of high-voltage shore power, and proposed amendments to the "Principles for Offsetting Incremental Air Pollutant Emissions from Development Reviewed by the Environmental Protection Agency of the Executive Yuan". Increase usage rate of shore power by enhancing the offset credit obtained. 5. To propose the feasible suggestions of domestic air pollutant reduction by analyzing the newest control measures of ports and airports at home and abroad. For the harbor, in line with the current policy direction of MOENV, reducing the pollution of ship during berthing is the primary goal, which recommended developing alternative energy and introducing reduction policies and equipment, etc. For the airport, flight safety is still a priority, so the relevant suggestions are mainly behavioral control, including reducing engine idle rotation and reducing take-off thrust, etc. 6. The implementation of NIP this year until October 2023, 47.2% of ships reduced their speed while approaching to Taiwan, an increase of 0.2% from 2011. Ships equipped with high-voltage shore power docked at the high-voltage shore power terminal, which utilization rate was 86.8%, a decrease of about 5% from 2011. 7. Analyzing multiple feasible fee bases for ship of air pollution fee, this program recommend adopting the current fee rates of fixed pollution source. In order to increase the willingness of ships to reduce their emission, this program plan grading fee that charging fee based on the reducing-emission measures of ship, such as shore-power connection, low-sulfur fuel and alternative fuel. 8. Combining with the air pollution fee rates of ships that this program suggest and current port-related tariffs. After levying air pollution fee of ship, the cost of entering Taiwan’s ports will increase about 7.4 to 28.8%. Taking the ports tariff of port charges has adjusted by 10% in 2023 into account, levying air pollution fee of ship will affect the domestic shipping industry. 9. Completed the sampling and inspection of 14 sets of gasoline and diesel, and 14 sets of aviation and marine fuel. All 28 sets of fuel sample met the “Amendment to the Standards for the Composition of Mobile pollution source Fuels”. 10. After compiling the international control standards of oil product, taking into account the market demand and environmental factors for automobile gasoline and diesel in Taiwan, the current gasoline and diesel control standards were generally in line with international trends. 11. Compiled the promotion status and trends of sustainable aviation fuel, biomass ship fuel, green methanol fuel and other alternative fuels at home and abroad, etc. 12. Collected relevant information on ship fuel inspections, and implemented the implementation of boarding ship sampling under this program, as well as the implementation of joint inspections of maritime vessels carried out by the Coast Guard, the MOENV, and the local Environmental Protection Department. As stated above, this program also put forward suggestions for improving the "Ship Pollution Improvement and Audit Principles".

Emission Inventory, Port Area Pollution, Control Strategy, Fuel Audit