EPA-91-U11-02-105

091

910 千元

2002/02/21

2002/12/27

吳再益

永續發展室(停用)

台灣綜合研究院

國際性議題

世界貿易組織, 貿易與環境委員, 貿易與環境委員會別會議

WTO, CTE, CTESS

李堅明

我國已於去(2001)年十一月十一日通過入會申請案，於今年元月1日，我國正式加入WTO(World Trade Organization)，自一九七九年一月一日提出申請，到去年十二月正式成為會員，歷經十二年的漫長時間，如今終能圓夢，值得國人欣慰。加入WTO的最大意義，在於我國能夠本於WTO協定以平等地位參與國際經貿事務，並與其他會員發展互利互惠的多邊及雙邊經貿關係。 WTO第四次部長會議(2001年11月)於杜哈(Doha)舉行，會後並發表『杜哈宣言』(Doha Declaration)作為WTO未來工作架構方針，杜哈宣言並成為本年度談判的重點，我國多次派員參與各項會議之進行，並發表立場文件。CTE談判之焦點即成為政府主管部門當前相當重要的課題。本團隊首先收集各國於CTE談判時所採取的立場加以分析，並以環保標章、環境服務業、貿易協定環境影響評估、WTO與MEAs(Multilateral Environmental Agreements)的關聯，四大主題來進行，最後並嘗試研提我國環保標章的正式立場文件。透過本計畫之執行，獲得以下結果  瞭解WTO/CTE(Committee of Trade and Environmen)十大議題的最新發展趨勢，以及美國、歐盟及國際相關組織對該議題之基本立場；並分析世界高峰會(World Summit on Sustainable Development ,WSSD)對環境與貿易議題的影響。  提出環保標章立場文件。  瞭解WTO環境服務業談判最新發展，並提出我國因應新回合談判之策略。  針對巴賽爾公約，蒙特婁議定書、氣候變化綱要公約、斯得哥爾摩公約與WTO之關聯，進行分析。 最後，本研究提出未來應研究方向如下： 一、繼續掌握與分析WTO環境與貿易委員會相關議題的最新發展，並派遣人員與會 鑑於CTE相關議題的持續發展，為掌握最新的發展趨勢，應持續追蹤與分析議題的最新進展結果，以利政府研擬適當政策之參考。派遣計劃人員現場與會，發表立場文件。將可以掌握第一手資料，透過雙邊會談將更了解對手國所持立場。長期培養談判人才，並邀請研究單位與學者專家一起參與會議，將可提高談判成效。 二、加強國際環保公約與WTO之相容性分析， 明年二月CTE將招開第一次會議，會中估計國際環保公約與WTO之間的關聯(杜哈宣言31段之一)仍是討論的重點。我國應選取其中與我國較為密切關係者(建議為蒙特婁議定書、巴塞爾公約、氣候變化綱要公約)來探討其簽署國依據特定貿易義務所採取的貿易限制措施是否與WTO的現有規則有所背駁？如何處理此類公約締約國與非締約國間的衝突？並整理研提我國書面立場。 三、加強參與國際環保公約的相關會議， 我方應積極參與各MEAs的相關會議，以增進和MEAs的互動。在即將到來的巴塞爾公約第六次會員國大會討論議案中，公約第二十條爭端解決機制之適用已被列為議題之一，我國應派員與會並說明我國立場。在人選選派的考量上，應以考慮能同時出席CTE/MEAs各會議者為優先，以期掌握CTE/MEAs之間的互動，收取最大之成效。

世界貿易組織, 貿易與環境委員, 貿易與環境委員會別會議

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[期末報告]公開完整版

2014/10/31 下午 02:07:46

Taiwan’s application to WTO (World Trade Organization) General Council was approved on Nov. 11, 2001, and on Jan. 1 of this year we formally entered into WTO. Since Jan. 1, 1979 Taiwan had made the application for a term of twelve years until it became a former member country in December last year. It seemed to be such an endless time for us, no wonder that our countrymen all felt much gratified when the dream was fulfilled. The great significance of joining WTO is that we can have the parity, in accordance with WTO agreements, to participate in international trade and economic affairs, and to develop reciprocal multilateral and bilateral trading relations of mutual benefits with other member countries as well. The fourth WTO Ministerial Conference was held in Doha in November 2001 and the Doha Declaration was concluded, after the conference, as the guideline for future works. The declaration turned to be the focus of that year. We have dispatched representatives to every meeting and published the documents regarding the stance of our country, and then highlights of CTE (Committee on Trade and Environment) negotiations are the pivotal issues for the government’s competent authorities currently. This team, at first, collects and analyzes the stance of every country toward the CTE negotiations; next, proceeds with four important topics: environmental labeling, the environmental service industry, environmental impact assessment of trade agreement and the correspondence between WTO and MEAs (Multilateral Environmental Agreements); and, finally, attempts to submit environmental labeling documents regarding our official perspective. We obtain the following results through the execution of this project: 1. Grasping the current trend of the Top 10 issues in WTO/CTE and the fundamental principles of the USA, European Union, and relevant organizations; analyzing the impact of the WSSD (World Summit on Sustainable Development) on environmental and trade issues; 2. Submitting environmental labeling documents regarding our official perspective; 3. Understanding the latest development of the WTO negotiation on environmental service industry and delivering the strategy to cope with the coming round of negotiation; and 4. Undertaking the analysis of the correspondence between Basel Convention, Montreal Protocol, Framework Convention on Climate Change and Stockholm Convention. At last, this research brings up the following obligatory directions for future research: 1. Continuously control and analyze the newest development prevailing over relevant issues of WTO’s Committee on Trade and Environment, and dispatch personnel to the meeting. In view that connected issues of the CTE have sustained revolution, we should track and analyze the fresh conclusion of such issues to grasp the current trend, with which the government may set up proper policies. Dispatching project personnel to participate in the conference and publishing the documents regarding our perspectives will acquire the first-hand material and realize more about the counterparty’s stance through bilateral talks. And designing a long-term training for more negotiation talents and inviting research institutions, scholars and experts for these meetings will enhance the negotiation performance. 2. Intensify the analysis of the compatibility between international environmental conventions and WTO. The CTE will hold its first conference in February 2003. The correspondence between international environmental conventions and WTO (Section 31, I, the Doha Declaration) is supposed to be the highlight of the discussion at the meeting. We should select those which have a close concern with us, as recommended, Basel Convention, Montreal Protocol, Framework Convention on Climate Change, to reason that is there any breach of WTO current regulations that the signatories adopt restrictions on trade according to particular trade obligation, and how to deal with the confliction between the signatories and the non-signatories? And arrange, submit our official perspective in written form. 3. Reinforce our participation in relevant conferences regarding international environmental conventions. We should actively take part in every relevant conference of MEAs to increase the interaction with MEAs. Among the issues of the Sixth General Assembly Meeting of Basel Convention that is coming nearly, the application of dispute settlement body, No. 20 of the convention, has been listed as one of them. We should send personnel for the meeting to explain our stance. As for the personnel selected, those who can attend every meeting of both the CTE and MEAs are considered priority, in order to catch the interaction with the CTE/MEAs and obtain the optimum effects.

WTO, CTE, CTESS