EPA-94-1601-02-02

094

3,800 千元

2005/02/23

2005/12/31

鄭福田

環檢所

成大環工系 蔡俊鴻、輔大公衛系 劉希平

環境監測及檢測

品質，現場查核，品質保證，品質管制

QA/QC, proficiency evaluation (PE)

蔡俊鴻、劉希平

劉希平

0229053437

ph1005@mails.fju.edu.tw

本計畫乃依據環保署環境檢驗所推動環境檢驗測定機構管理政策，藉由專業查核方式，以提昇檢驗機構檢驗室系統檢測數據品質。專案查核工作執行方式包括「檢驗室系統運作查核」、「現場採樣作業查核」及「盲樣績效測試」，並辦理座談會與檢測機構充分交流。本計畫自民國九十四年三月起執行，迄九十四年十二月底止，共計完成60家次檢測機構檢驗室系統運作查核(含10家次複查)，查核11場次現場空氣類檢測作業，執行40家次現場盲樣測試（項161次盲樣測試）並辦理一場次查核一致性說明會、兩場次查核委員工作會議、十二次工作會議與一次期末查核說明會。 「檢驗室系統運作查核」執行檢測機構檢驗室結果顯示，多數檢測機構檢驗室管理手冊已修訂為ISO 17025品質規範，執行各類別檢測品保/品管作業皆具水準，僅少數檢測機構未能符合規範，甚或存在重大缺失，建議加強管理，以提昇檢測數據品質一致性。 「空氣類檢測作業現場查核」完成11場次現場採樣查核(6場次煙道現場及5場次空品車現場)結果顯示，半數以上檢測機構現場採樣作業人員對檢測方法整體流程瞭解程度尚可，但非十分熟悉；現場作業品保/品管之確實執行程度有待加強。持續加強煙道與周界空氣現場查核頻率對提昇作業品質應屬必要。 「盲樣測試」完成40家次(161項次)查核結果，本年度空氣類盲樣測試(40項次)不合格比率(約10.0%)比去年度測試結果(不合格率約10.8%)差異不大；水質類盲樣測試(121項次，不合格比率約9.1%)比去年度測試結果(約3.2%)稍微退步。 本計畫執行檢測機構查核已有三年的經驗，歷年由查核委員依據標準查核表單進行檢測機構檢驗室系統或現場採樣檢測查核工作，結果顯示檢驗室系統運作與盲樣測試分析而言，大多維持在方法要求之分析水準。整體而言，檢驗室內部管控情形較現場採樣工作為佳，主要原因可能為例行工作之穩定性與品保品管程序較易掌控及現場採樣人員流動率偏高。盲樣項目是現場委員隨機選擇結果，經由現場盲樣測試查核可直接檢視分析人員之平時訓練與執行過程，達到檢測機構實際執行業務之查核效果。 檢測機構檢驗室系統或空氣類採樣現場於本計畫執行查核所見缺失大多數都能於複查時完成改善，顯示本年度執行環境檢測機構查核過程對檢驗室系統或空氣類採樣現場之檢測數據品質具有正面效益。

品質，現場查核，品質保證，品質管制

00001214361.pdf

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[期末報告]

2006/3/1 上午 12:00:00

The main purpose of this project is to promote quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) programs of certified laboratories issued by National Institute of Environmental Analysis (NIEA). Through laboratory programs and onsite inspection, proficiency evaluation (PE) samples and communicable conferences, supervision of certified laboratory management can be fully reinforced. Among ninety-seven laboratories certified by NIEA (included air, water, drinking water, waste, toxics and noise-vibration categories), 39 laboratories, 11 onsite inspection, 40 PE samples (161 items) have been facilitated in this project. Two conferences and two inspection committee meetings also accommodates the goals of this project. The inspection result indicated that the QA/QC programs and management system in most certified laboratories were satisfactory. However, there are some minor mistakes and possible problems, which should be further monitored and corrected to ensure the overall environmental sample analyses. For air category, the 11 onsite inspection (5 stack and 6 ambient air) indicated that more than half stack sampling personnel understand sampling protocols, but not familiar with QA/QC requirements. Besides, the investigation of source characteristics and factors influencing stack gas sampling should be reinforced, such as sampling under positive or negative pressure. The ambient air monitoring encountered major problems in instrument maintaining and inspection. Further supervision by NIEA on mobile ambient air monitoring station was suggested. Forty laboratory PE tests (161 items) were also conducted this year. In the air category (40 item), 10.0% unqualified result revealed a stable condition comparing to that of the previous year (10.8%). In water category (121 items), 9.1% unqualified result revealed a significant retrogress comparing to that of the previous year (3.2%).

QA/QC, proficiency evaluation (PE)