EPA-94-FA13-03-D019

094

12,060 千元

2005/01/01

2006/03/31

黃天助

空保處

工業技術研究院 機械與系統研究所

化學物質管理

車新車型審驗,新車抽驗,使用中車輛

new model certification, random inspection on new vehicle, in-use vehicles

翁文穎

23117722

wyweng@sun.epa.gov.tw

1. 本計畫主要以管理國內移動污染源之一的汽油車之排放污染，其管制制度從新車型審驗、新車抽驗，到量產車品管以及使用中車輛召回改正調查測試。 2. 從新車的各項管制到使用中車輛耐久保證里程內的排放污染確認，都屬本計畫執行之工作內容。 3. 為確實執行此一完整的管制制度，故須研究國際各主要管制制度，分析國內汽油車排放污染現況，結合環保署未來空氣污染管制策略，以擬定國內未來管制法令與獎勵措施。 4. 因此本計畫之工作重點除執行管制制度外，還包括維護排放污染管制資料庫、評估及建立汽油車排放污染總量推估模式、建立低污染環保車評核方法與獎勵措施，最重要的還是汽油車排放管制相關法令之增修定工作。以確保汽油車排放污染管制水準。 5. 本年度計畫成果：新車型審驗部分1至10月本所共核發314合格證，涵蓋729個車型。預估整年度將會有400件以上，平均每件審查所需天數為8.65天，符合民眾期望與環保署要求。 6. 從測試結果看，2005車型年相較於2004車型年整體審驗值又有回復到以往下降的趨勢上。 7. 新車抽驗整體趨勢從1999年至今，都與審驗值類似。整體而言，新車抽驗所呈現的現象，應可實際代表目前量產新車的污染情形。相較於審驗值所呈現出的現象，又有極高的相似程度。反觀審驗值應可視為客觀的代表數據。 8. 召回改正調查測試本年度執行10個引擎族初步調查測試，從過去多年執行至今，以目前保證期限內的使用中車輛之污染水準，超過標準值得機率都很低，但超過審驗值得機率就很高，有可能是認證測試車輛、耐久測試及劣化係數都經刻意控制，但也可能是國內使用環境較為惡劣的結果。不管怎麼說，此一管制乃是車輛污染管制最重要的最後一關，因此每年調查測試數量應有一定比例。以落實管制決心，並可防止業者忽略耐久保證。 9. 本年度執行召回改正調查測試過程中發現有部分車輛有油氣外洩的現象，雖經調查後責任以釐清，但以管制的角度來看，實施多年的蒸發排放標準及測試程序，確實已到了需要檢討的時候，以確保未來空氣品質。 10. 本年度已建制完成審驗核備文件電子化格式，並已完成上網填寫傳輸web化，審驗申請文件電子化格式也已建制完成。汽油車排氣管制資料庫內容仍持續更新維護。 11. 透過本計畫所建立之總量估算模型與各項參數的蒐集，估算出93年度汽油車各污染的排放總量分別為：NMHC 42,543 (噸)、CO 255,897(噸)、NOx 32,463 (噸)。 12. 自用小客車各污染物的排放總量遠大於其他汽油車，若各縣市比較可發現自用小客車以台北市與台北縣為主要排放區域，此二縣市自用小客車各污染物排放量約佔全台30％；營業小客車同樣以台北地區排放量最大；商用車排放部分則同樣以台北縣為主。 13. 相關法令增修訂部分，本年度完成修訂「汽油及替代清潔燃料引擎汽車車型排氣審驗合格證明核發及廢止辦法」草案，以及「汽油汽車廢氣排放測試方法與程序」、「汽油汽車耐測試方法與程序」草案。 14. 訂定低污染環保車評選方法與獎勵措施，針對進榜12款車型不僅公佈於環保署網站提供民眾購車參考，並於該年度新車抽驗時減免抽驗數量外，還舉辦授證典禮與記者發表會，由副署長在媒體面前親自頒證給進榜車輛業者代表，引起業者間的良性競爭。 15. 整體來看，環境保護的觀念已普遍受到認同，不只民眾就連產業也深知責任不可規避，而國內汽油車排放污染管制制度已行之多年，且逐期加嚴。因此，本計畫之工作也漸漸多元化，主要希望以有限的資源做更精準的管理，以期朝向管制制度周延化的目標邁進。

車新車型審驗,新車抽驗,使用中車輛

94年度加展延期末報告.pdf

3MB

[期末報告]公開版

2006/7/1 上午 12:00:00

The main objective for this project is focus on the implementation of motor vehicle emissions control related regulations, which include “Certification - New Vehicle Compliance”, “Vehicle end-of-production-line Conformity Tests”, “Conformity of Production” and “In -Use Vehicles Conformity Tests”. 2. This project has performed various regulatory strategies for new vehicles as well as the confirmation inspection of pollution emissions for in-use vehicles during the durable mileage. 3. In order to implement these regulatory strategies effectively, ITRI has looked into emission-related regulations throughout the world, analyzed the present condition of gasoline vehicle exhaust emissions in Taiwan and conformed with the future air pollution control strategies of R.O.C EPA to draft the future vehicle related control regulations and incentive procedure. 4. In addition, the other objectives of this project are various, including to maintain the emission control database, to set up “Assessment and Establishment of Gasoline Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Inventory Estimations”, “Low Emission Green Gasoline Vehicles Evaluation Process and Incentive Procedure” and the most important -- “Addition and Amendment of Gasoline Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Related Regulations” to ensure the gasoline vehicle emission control standards. 5. The project results of this year (Year 2005): as to “Certification - New vehicle compliance”, according to the records from January 2005 to October 2005, there were 314 certificates issued, which include 729 vehicle types, and more than 400 certificates issued this year is expected. The dates required for certification process averaged 8.65 dates. All the results showed to comply with public expectations and R.O.C EPA’s requirements. 6. Test results also showed that the average values for the new vehicle exhaust emission tests for the year 2005 has trended down compared with the new vehicle exhaust emission tests for the year 2004. 7. In the case of “Vehicle end-of-production-line conformity tests”, since the year 1999, all the test results are similar to the average values for the new vehicle exhaust emission tests. The results of random testing of new vehicles should generally show the current pollution condition of new vehicles. Therefore, the average values for the new vehicle exhaust emission tests could be considered as an objective data. 8. As to the in-use vehicles conformity tests, there were 10 engine families being tested. So far, for initial inspection and testing, there were few testing results of in-use vehicles within warranty period exceeding the emissions standards value. However, there were many results exceeding the average values for the new vehicle exhaust emission tests. The reason of this result could be that the certificated testing vehicles, the durable tests and the deterioration factors were controlled intentionally. But the severe environment in Taiwan could be another reason. Anyway, the in-use vehicles conformity test is the last and the most important test for vehicles emissions control, so that there should be a certain proportion for testing vehicles each year to implement the regulatory strategies and to prevent that the manufacturers pass over the durable warranty. 9. In the course of the performance of recall and correction inspection and testing for in-use motor vehicles this year, ITRI has found out the leak of oil for several vehicles. The responsibilities were defined upon investigation, however, form the regulatory point of view, it’s time to review the emission standard of fuel evaporative emissions and the test procedure to improve the air quality in Taiwan. 10.ITRI has completed the electronic format of document files certification, the web site system and the electronic format of document files application in this year. Gasoline vehicle exhaust emissions control data system is kept updating. 11.Through the model for the vehicle exhaust emission estimations developed by ITRI and the selections of various parameters, ITRI has estimated different emission volumes for the gasoline vehicles for the year 2004 as follows : NMHC 42,543/t., CO 255,897/t., NOx 32,463/t.. 12.The total emission volumes of sedan for non-commercial purpose were much more than other gasoline vehicles. Taipei City and Taipei County were the major areas of the emissions for sedans for non-commercial purpose, which hold about 30% of total emission volume in Taiwan. As to the sedan for commercial purpose, Taipei area has also hold the greatest volume of emission. For the commercial vehicles, Taipei County was the main area. 13.As to the emission related regulations additions and amendments, ITRI has amended the drafts of “Auditing and Abatement Process for Motor vehicle with gasoline and clean alternative fuel engines vehicle model exhaust testing compliance verification”, “Emission Test Method and Procedure for Gasoline Motor Vehicle” and “Test Method and Procedure of durability for Gasoline Motor Vehicle”. 14.The evaluation and incentive procedure for green vehicles has been approved by R.O.C. EPA. The selected green vehicle types would be notified on the R.O.C EPA Website for public reference and the testing number for Vehicle end-of-production-line conformity tests of the year would also be reduced. Besides, R.O.C EPA would hold a charter ceremony and press conference and the selected manufacturers would be awarded by the vice-director of R.O.C EPA to lead to a beneficial competition among all manufacturers. 15.The ideas of environmental protection are generally known and identified. Not only the public but the industry are well aware of not getting behind the responsibilities. The motor vehicle exhaust emission control has been implemented for several years, and more stringent standards have been introduced through different stages. Therefore, the tasks of this project were diversified and ITRI hopes to administer more exactly the tasks with limited resources and to stride forward the objectives of flawless and perfect control system.

new model certification, random inspection on new vehicle, in-use vehicles