環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	EPA-95-G105-02-205
經費年度	095
計畫經費	2,600 千元
專案開始日期	2006/02/09
專案結束日期	2006/12/31
專案主持人	歐陽嶠暉
主辦單位	水保處
承辦人
執行單位	台灣水環境再生協會
專案分類	水質保護
中文關鍵字	污水回收再利用；環境影響評估；再利用風險與效益
英文關鍵字	wastewater reclamation and reuse；environmental impact assessment, risk and benefit
協同主持人	張添晉；萬騰州；樊國恕
共同主持人	邱仁杰
計畫聯絡人	台灣水環境再生協會
計畫聯絡電話	02-2772675
計畫聯絡信箱	ouyang@twea.org

中文摘要	台灣之都市生活污水是河川水體污染的主要來源。執行生活污水處理再生利用不僅可增加水資源，更可減少河川水體之污染負荷，是行政院環保署推動本計畫之目的。本研究針對其前一年度執行水處理再生使用潛勢場所評估與分析之場所中，選其三處範例場址(實際規劃五處)，進行輔導設置(實際輔導四處)，並提出具體可行之建議，就其輔導設置之五場所，有兩處場所處理至二級處理等級，另三處場所處理至三級處理等級，為提高再生水質及水量，建議提升附加處理程序以符合水質標準，強化加氯效果有3處，去除SS或濁度有3處，並依據不同再生用途，以BOD、COD、SS、E.coli作為規劃再生水質依據，建議BOD<10mg/L、COD<30mg/L、SS<5mg/L、E.coli不得檢出，依其場所用途區分為綠地澆灌、沖廁及景觀湖泊，中水回收及使用率分為71.64%、41.12%，約以達一般學校廠所一級與二級用水比例，在分析輔導示範場所經濟效益時，因各場所建置項目與原系統基礎條件差異大，故就其施作成本與節水金額分析得知，平均約4.1年即可回收設置成本。就環境效益而言，總共可減少約7086.3kg-BOD/year污染排放量。本研究針對國內開發案環境影評估法及相關審議規範，要求需進行污水回收再利用之場所，選其二十處進行調查分析，以了解目前執行環評承諾執行成效，其中環評承諾或結論多半被要求水質需達中水回收標準及再生用途去處，大多回收再利用以綠地澆灌與沖廁佔絕大多數，在執行此項工作大多可以符合增加水資源及減少水體負荷二項環境效益，只是大多開發場所對於環評審議規範中相關規定較不清楚，亦需技術規劃與支援、法規釋疑等輔導事項。生活污水回收再利用之風險評估，本計畫以綠地澆灌與農業利用執行化學性風險分析，以內湖污水廠為例，其因生活污水放流水質佳，故風險均在可接受之範圍。另生物風險選定E.coli、隱孢子蟲及腸病毒進行中水道回收之室內風險，其中以隱孢子蟲風險較高，但仍在安全範圍。本計畫評估未來執行水回收再利用時之可回收水量及減輕承受水體污染負荷之環境效益，推估依營建署及水利署之推動下水道建設及水回收再利用政策，預計至民國110年可達全體回收水量至60萬CMD，佔全部污水處理量之14.07％，可減少原承受水體之負荷達375,000 (kg-BOD/year)污染和75,000人口當量之排放排放量。
中文關鍵字	污水回收再利用；環境影響評估；再利用風險與效益

中文摘要

台灣之都市生活污水是河川水體污染的主要來源。執行生活污水處理再生利用不僅可增加水資源，更可減少河川水體之污染負荷，是行政院環保署推動本計畫之目的。本研究針對其前一年度執行水處理再生使用潛勢場所評估與分析之場所中，選其三處範例場址(實際規劃五處)，進行輔導設置(實際輔導四處)，並提出具體可行之建議，就其輔導設置之五場所，有兩處場所處理至二級處理等級，另三處場所處理至三級處理等級，為提高再生水質及水量，建議提升附加處理程序以符合水質標準，強化加氯效果有3處，去除SS或濁度有3處，並依據不同再生用途，以BOD、COD、SS、E.coli作為規劃再生水質依據，建議BOD<10mg/L、COD<30mg/L、SS<5mg/L、E.coli不得檢出，依其場所用途區分為綠地澆灌、沖廁及景觀湖泊，中水回收及使用率分為71.64%、41.12%，約以達一般學校廠所一級與二級用水比例，在分析輔導示範場所經濟效益時，因各場所建置項目與原系統基礎條件差異大，故就其施作成本與節水金額分析得知，平均約4.1年即可回收設置成本。就環境效益而言，總共可減少約7086.3kg-BOD/year污染排放量。本研究針對國內開發案環境影評估法及相關審議規範，要求需進行污水回收再利用之場所，選其二十處進行調查分析，以了解目前執行環評承諾執行成效，其中環評承諾或結論多半被要求水質需達中水回收標準及再生用途去處，大多回收再利用以綠地澆灌與沖廁佔絕大多數，在執行此項工作大多可以符合增加水資源及減少水體負荷二項環境效益，只是大多開發場所對於環評審議規範中相關規定較不清楚，亦需技術規劃與支援、法規釋疑等輔導事項。生活污水回收再利用之風險評估，本計畫以綠地澆灌與農業利用執行化學性風險分析，以內湖污水廠為例，其因生活污水放流水質佳，故風險均在可接受之範圍。另生物風險選定E.coli、隱孢子蟲及腸病毒進行中水道回收之室內風險，其中以隱孢子蟲風險較高，但仍在安全範圍。本計畫評估未來執行水回收再利用時之可回收水量及減輕承受水體污染負荷之環境效益，推估依營建署及水利署之推動下水道建設及水回收再利用政策，預計至民國110年可達全體回收水量至60萬CMD，佔全部污水處理量之14.07％，可減少原承受水體之負荷達375,000 (kg-BOD/year)污染和75,000人口當量之排放排放量。

中文關鍵字

污水回收再利用；環境影響評估；再利用風險與效益

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	KM-99981394-1.pdf	10MB	[期末報告]公開完整版	2007/3/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	In Taiwan, most pollution of rivers usually comes from municipal wastewater. The treated wastewater reclamation and reuse not only increase water resource but also reduce the loading of river pollution. According to research report last year, five places were selected to draw up the water reuse system where there are potential for water reuse and four places have executed. Two of the selected places execute secondary wastewater treatment and the others execute advanced level. The additional processes were recommended to comfort the required water quality, including disinfection for microorganism removal and filtration for SS removal. The reused water qualities of BOD, SS, COD and E. coli which was treated by the additional treatments conform the related criteria (BOD＜10mg/L, SS＜10mg/L, COD＜30mg/L and E. coli: no detectable). The recommended applications of water reuse in these places include landscape irrigation, toilet flushing, landscape ponds. The average wastewater reclaimed rate in the places was 71.64% and the reclaimed water usage rate was 41.12%.Average benefit-cost ratio is 2.6 and net present value is positive. It means the enough economic benefit to execute water reuse. Recovery period for installation cost is about 4.1 years. The total benefit of reducing water pollutant loading will reach 7086.3kgBOD/yr. Twenty EIA cases which were required executing water reuse were investigated in order to understand the implementation of EIA conclusion about water reuse. These cases were required that treated wastewater quality must reach advanced criteria and set up complete wastewater reuse system. The applications of water reuse were always required for landscape irrigation and toilet flushing. Besides increasing water resources, water reclamation and reuse could promote environmental benefit such as mitigating pollutant loading on received water bodies, reducing groundwater pumped and environmental education in these cases. However, the chief managers of EIA cases always do not completely understand the related EIA guidelines. They suggested that the guidelines must be modified to clear and concrete regulations. They also need technical service for constructing the water reuse system. Chemical risk assessment for treated wastewater reuse to irrigation is not significant and is acceptable, because the secondary effluent from the Nei-Hu municipal wastewater treatment is very fine and under the related criteria. E. coli, Cryptospridium parvum and Enterovirus were selected to assess biological risk. The result of risk assessment shows risk of C. parvum is more than E. coli and Enterovirus, but its risk is still acceptable. Based on the progress of public sewerage system construction and water reuse promotion in Taiwan Water Resources Agency and Constructional Planning Agency, it is forecasted that annual water reuse in Taiwan will reach approximately 60,000 m3 by 2021. In the total environment benefit, it could reduce 375,000(kg-BOD/year) on water pollutant loading and about 75,000 equivalent of population.
英文關鍵字	wastewater reclamation and reuse；environmental impact assessment, risk and benefit

摘要

In Taiwan, most pollution of rivers usually comes from municipal wastewater. The treated wastewater reclamation and reuse not only increase water resource but also reduce the loading of river pollution. According to research report last year, five places were selected to draw up the water reuse system where there are potential for water reuse and four places have executed. Two of the selected places execute secondary wastewater treatment and the others execute advanced level. The additional processes were recommended to comfort the required water quality, including disinfection for microorganism removal and filtration for SS removal. The reused water qualities of BOD, SS, COD and E. coli which was treated by the additional treatments conform the related criteria (BOD＜10mg/L, SS＜10mg/L, COD＜30mg/L and E. coli: no detectable). The recommended applications of water reuse in these places include landscape irrigation, toilet flushing, landscape ponds. The average wastewater reclaimed rate in the places was 71.64% and the reclaimed water usage rate was 41.12%.Average benefit-cost ratio is 2.6 and net present value is positive. It means the enough economic benefit to execute water reuse. Recovery period for installation cost is about 4.1 years. The total benefit of reducing water pollutant loading will reach 7086.3kgBOD/yr. Twenty EIA cases which were required executing water reuse were investigated in order to understand the implementation of EIA conclusion about water reuse. These cases were required that treated wastewater quality must reach advanced criteria and set up complete wastewater reuse system. The applications of water reuse were always required for landscape irrigation and toilet flushing. Besides increasing water resources, water reclamation and reuse could promote environmental benefit such as mitigating pollutant loading on received water bodies, reducing groundwater pumped and environmental education in these cases. However, the chief managers of EIA cases always do not completely understand the related EIA guidelines. They suggested that the guidelines must be modified to clear and concrete regulations. They also need technical service for constructing the water reuse system. Chemical risk assessment for treated wastewater reuse to irrigation is not significant and is acceptable, because the secondary effluent from the Nei-Hu municipal wastewater treatment is very fine and under the related criteria. E. coli, Cryptospridium parvum and Enterovirus were selected to assess biological risk. The result of risk assessment shows risk of C. parvum is more than E. coli and Enterovirus, but its risk is still acceptable. Based on the progress of public sewerage system construction and water reuse promotion in Taiwan Water Resources Agency and Constructional Planning Agency, it is forecasted that annual water reuse in Taiwan will reach approximately 60,000 m3 by 2021. In the total environment benefit, it could reduce 375,000(kg-BOD/year) on water pollutant loading and about 75,000 equivalent of population.

英文關鍵字

wastewater reclamation and reuse；environmental impact assessment, risk and benefit