EPA-97-E101-02-428

097

920 千元

2008/05/02

2008/12/31

張穗蘋

綜計處

張同婉

崑山科技大學

環境影響評估

政策環境評估、環境影響評估、政策、計畫、方案、個案

Strategic environmental assessment, Environmental Impact assessment, policy, plan, programme, project

朱繼黃

陳宛秀

06-2055011

spchang@mail.ksu.edu.tw

政策環評是一系統化的評估程序，使有機會在決策初期適當之階段，對環境品質、 替代方案、及開發強度在政策、計畫或方案等各階段，能確實整體考量有關物化、生態、 經濟、社會與政治各層面的問題，故在政策、計畫和方案設計等各階層皆能作出適當的 決策；這些決策藉著SEA 之發展，整合成為環評系統程序，並進有利而推動後續的個 案設計。其實「政策環境評估(SEA)」係引申環境影響評估(EIA)過程至政策、計畫或方 案的環境評估。「政策方案EIS」產生過程類似「政策環境評估」，美國聯邦機關在政 策及方案中納入環境涵意的評估報告書。政策方案EIS 也可用來定位，與自然環境影響 類似的開發計畫(action)影響，其範疇包括累積性的開發計畫。美國NEPA 將EIA 過程 概念擴充到政策、計畫及方案之最初25 年間，規定準備EISs 的最主要對象僅止於以 個案開發計畫為對象。然而，在過去美國NEPA 之規定為有助於政策及方案規劃的形 成。EAs（國內之第一階段環評）及╱或EISs（國內之第二階段環評）被要求準備的對 象包括了政策（規則、條例等新立法在內）、計畫及方案之環評。我國環評法於83 年 12 月30 日公布施行後，分別先於86 年8 月11 日公告施行政策環境影響評估作業要點， 再於89 年12 月20 日發布施行政府政策環境影響評估作業辦法。96 年9 月20 日修正公 告「政府政策評估作業要點」；95 年6 月7 日修正公告「應實施環境影響評估之政府細 項」。環境影響評估應以永續發展為最高原則，因此，其重點應在評估政策與開發行為 是否會超過環境承載力，或甚而影響承載力本身，及總量管制之理念。故本研究案配合 我國政府於民國91 年公佈之環境基本法與民國87 年公佈之國家環境保護計畫中與本計 畫有關之工作，從理論與實務方面，對國內政策環評制度、政策環評作業程序架構設計 原則學理部分方法論進行探討，並對現有相關法令做修正之建議。

政策環境評估、環境影響評估、政策、計畫、方案、個案

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[期末報告]公開完整版

2009/3/1 上午 12:00:00

Strategic Environmental Assessment is a systematic, on-going process for evaluating, at the earliest appropriate stage of publicly accountable decision making, the environmental quality and consequences of alternative visions and development intentions incorporated in policy, planning, or program initiatives, ensuring full integration of relevant physical, ecological, social, and political considerations. So, at the level of policy, planning, and programming design, many decisions are taken. By developing SEAs, the decisions can be integrated into a systematic process of environmental assessment, which subsequently promotes the following project designs. “Strategic environmental assessment” (SEA) refers to the EIA process applied to policies, plans, or programs. A programmatic EIS would be analogous to a strategic environmental assessment. Programmatic EISs (PEISs) used in the United States address the environmental implications of the policies and programs of federal agencies. PEISs can also be used to address the impacts of actions that are similar in nature or broad in scope, including cases where cumulative impacts are of concern. While the concept of applying the EIA process to policies, plans, and programs was included in the NEPA of USA, the vast majority of EISs prepared in its first 25 years have been on projects. However, the NEPA of USA should be used in the formulation of policies and the planning as well. EAs and/or EISs may be prepared for policies (including rules, regulations, and/or new legislation), plans, or programs. In Taiwan, the EIA Law became effective on December 30, 1994. The EPA published guidelines for the preparation of National Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment on August 11, 1997 (expired since December 20, 2000) and regulations for the preparation of National Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment on December 20, 2000. Criteria for SEA report was published on September 20, 2007. The regulation for category required by SEA was published on Jane 7, 2006. To achieve principle of sustainable development and to ensure sustainable development of Taiwan, this study integrate to study the strategic environmental assessment in Taiwan from both concepts of theory and practical methodology application.

Strategic environmental assessment, Environmental Impact assessment, policy, plan, programme, project