EPA-96-G104-02-219

096

2,850 千元

2007/03/07

2007/12/31

杜敬民

水保處

簡吟純

工業技術研究院能源與環境研究所

水質保護

戴奧辛,廢水,排放清單

dioxins, wastewater, inventory

杜敬民

03-5732689

jmduh@itri.org.tw

本計畫研訂調查國內一般廢棄物焚化、事業廢棄物焚化、氯乙烯製造、紙漿製造、廢棄物最終處置場、鋁合金製造、鋅回收、己內醯胺製造、乙炔製造、環氧氯丙烷製造及公共下水道系統與工業區下水道系統等業別的排放水戴奧辛排放量。完成52廠家的現勘訪查，檢測調查其中42家，採樣分析水質戴奧辛樣品共計154件。檢測的製程廢水及排放水中，以廢棄物焚化廠廢氣濕式洗滌處理產生之廢水戴奧辛含量最高，濃度範圍在61.1至24,295 pg I-TEQ/L之間，此業別納管排放水濃度亦相對較高，戴奧辛濃度介於4.54~42.3 pg I-TEQ/L，處理後之放流水戴奧辛濃度介於0.054~9.82 pg I-TEQ/L。其次為氯乙烯製造業、紙漿製造業及鋁冶煉製程，這些製程廢水或調勻池廢水含戴奧辛濃度在8.82至1,546 pg I-TEQ/L之間，其納管排放水戴奧辛濃度介於0.211~71.6 pg I-TEQ/L，處理後之放流水戴奧辛濃度介於0.186~3.87 pg I-TEQ/L。其他業別原廢水、調勻池廢水或排放水的戴奧辛濃度皆小於10 pg I-TEQ/L。 運用本計畫檢測數據，結合環保署資料庫和研究計畫資訊及本計畫現勘訪查彙整之國內特定事業工廠運作量和廢水量等資料，建立國內完整之廢水戴奧辛排放清單，及估算廢水戴奧辛排放量為0.447 g I-TEQ/年，與國內94年空氣戴奧辛排放量是101.9 g I-TEQ/年相比，比例是0.44/99.56，與日本2005年水體戴奧辛排放量為1.84 g I-TEQ/年，空氣排放量為323~348 g I-TEQ/年的比例0.55/99.45相當。 本計畫檢測數據顯示廢棄物焚化、紙漿製造、氯乙烯製造及鋁冶煉等為國內排放水具戴奧辛高污染潛勢的業別，建議朝風險預防管理之方向加以管制，參考美日排放標準研擬國內特定業別製程設施排放水戴奧辛管制標準，本計畫研擬建議之廢棄物焚化、紙漿製造、氯乙烯製造及鋁冶煉等既設特定事業別製程工廠排放水戴奧辛管制標準為10 pg I-TEQ/L，新設工廠排放水戴奧辛排放標準為5 pg I-TEQ/L。 本計畫為水保處首次完整建置國內水體戴奧辛排放清單，與空保處數據搭配即得到國內完整的戴奧辛排放清單，在國際上是僅次於日本，第二個國家利用完整的檢測數據，建立本土的排放係數，估算全國戴奧辛排放量，在國際上極具參考價值。本計畫建議水體排放戴奧辛清單能逐年更新，持續與空氣排放清單搭配建立國內每年的排放量，使國內在戴奧辛排放減量的成效能藉由數據完整呈現。

戴奧辛,廢水,排放清單

EPA96G10402219研究報告.pdf

3MB

[期末報告]公開完整版

2008/3/1 上午 12:00:00

This project investigates the Dioxin amount in emission water from the following industries and special businesses: common waste incineration, business waste incineration, vinyl chloride production, pulp manufacture, final waste disposal sites, alumina alloy manufacture, zinc reclamation, lactam production, acytylene manufacture, eto-chloro-propane manufacture, and sewage systems from public and industrial zones. On-site survey of 52 plants were conducted, with 42 tested and inspected, within examined production wastewater and emission water, wastewater from wet washing process of exhaust gas from waste incinerators contains highest Dioxin contents, with concentration range of 61.1 to 24,295 pg I-TEQ/L. Emission water from this industry also contains relatively high concentration of Dioxin, between 4.54~42.3 pg I-TEQ/L, with a range of 0.054~9.82 pg I-TEQ/L after treatment. Other industries producing next highest Dioxin concentration include vinyl chloride production, pulp manufacture, and alumina smelting production. Dioxin concentration from wastewater or mixed pools is between 0.211~71.6 pg I-TEQ/L, and from controlled emission water between 0.211~71.6 pg I-TEQ/L. For other industries, the Dioxin concentration in raw wastewater, mixed pool wastewater, or emission water is less than 10 pg I-TEQ/L. Integrating inspection data from this project with other data from EPA database, research projects information, and operating volume and wastewater amount from specific businesses/plants special businesses/plants surveyed by this project, a complete Dioxin emission checklist in Taiwan is established. The estimated wastewater Dioxin emission is 0.435 g I-TEQ/year. Comparing to 101.9 g I-TEQ/year of air Dioxin emission in 2005, the ratio is 0.43/99.57. This is comparable to Japan’s ratio of 0.55/99.45 in 2005, which is from wastewater Dioxin emission of 1.84 g I-TEQ/year to air emission of 323~348 g I-TEQ/year. The tested data from this project indicates that waste incinerators, pulp manufacture, vinyl chloride manufacture, and alumina smelting, are the industries that have great potential of emitting high Dioxin pollution in the emission water. This project advises measures to be taken for risk prevention management, and to postulate control standards of Dioxin in emission water with reference to the emission standards of USA and Japan. The drafted emission control standard by this program for specific industries/plants of waste incinerators, pulp manufacture, vinyl chloride production, and alumina smelting, is 10 pg I-TEQ/L. For new plants, the emission standard of Dioxin shall be 5 pg I-TEQ/L. This project is the first time for Water Protection Division to establish a complete checklist of domestic water Dioxin emissions. When integrated with data from Air Protection Division, a complete checklist of Dioxin emissions is derived. This makes us next only to Japan in the world having domestic Dioxin emission factors from complete inspection data to estimate Dioxin emission amount domestically, providing a valuable reference to the world. This program suggests the water Dioxin emission checklist be updated each year, and continue to combine with air emission list to establish annual emission amount, such that the reduction of Dioxin effect can be fully demonstrated by actual data.

dioxins, wastewater, inventory