EPA-96-E102-02-201

096

2,550 千元

2007/03/19

2008/03/18

童翔新

環境督察總隊

涂美玲

逢甲大學

化學物質管理

垃圾採樣、三成分分析、元素分析、發熱量

Refuse sampling, proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, energy content

江康鈺,林哲彥,李燊銘

kychiang@fcu.edu.tw

本年度計畫執行期限自民國96年3月起至97年3月止，分別針對台灣地區23 個縣市進行每季每縣市採集樣品一次，並分析其物理及化學性質。本計畫主要目的在於延續歷年全國各縣市之垃圾採樣及分析工作，透過縝密之採樣規劃與分析結果，建立長期連續性之垃圾基本特性資料，並掌握垃圾性質之長期變動趨勢；並期藉由本計畫之執行成果，作為未來制定未來垃圾處理政策、研發新穎資源回收與再利用技術、評估規劃安全性處理處置技術之重要參考依據。 根據今年(96年度)採樣分析結果顯示，垃圾濕基組成中紙類、廚餘類及塑膠類約佔總物理組成比例之92%左右，其中紙類含量最高，約佔垃圾組成中42.01%，其次為廚餘類之33.02%，塑膠類則佔17.18%，至於金屬類及玻璃類則分別佔0.61%及1.12%。皮革橡膠類、纖維布類及木竹落葉類含量總和，約佔垃圾物理組成之5%左右。考量歷年紙類及塑膠類之物理組成比例變化趨勢可知，上述物理組成比例稍呈增加之現象，然根據歷年垃圾清運量明顯降低之結果，垃圾中紙類及塑膠類之總量則呈現逐年降低之趨勢。同時根據歷年變化趨勢明顯可知，本年度廚餘類、金屬與玻璃類之組成比例及垃圾中所佔之總量均呈逐年降低之結果。此外，依據本年度採集垃圾中紙類之種類，主要以紙製衛生用品之其他紙類含量佔64%為主，至於紙張則約佔25%。垃圾中平均含水量為51.83%，主要受到高水分含量之廚餘類影響；由於垃圾中金屬、玻璃及其他無機成分含量較低，因此，可燃分均佔垃圾之90%以上；垃圾之平均低位發熱量為2025.57 kcal/kg。根據長期垃圾採樣分析結果，有助於建立台灣地區垃圾性質分析之完善資料庫，同時本計畫結果亦可提供未來垃圾管理趨勢之重要參考依據。

垃圾採樣、三成分分析、元素分析、發熱量

全國垃圾採樣及樣品分析工作(96年度).pdf

17MB

[期末報告]公開完整版

2008/5/1 上午 12:00:00

This project was designed and implemented continuously for the sampling and analysis of municipal solid waste composition in Taiwan, from March 2007 to March 2008. This project was planned to sample 23 municipal solid waste (MSW) sources (municipalities) in Taiwan once a season for every source and to analyze the physical and chemical compositions of MSW samples. The objectives of this project were to establish the database of long-term physical and chemical characteristics of MSW and to evaluate the variation of MSW composition and property by careful sampling, sample preparation and the analytical techniques. Meanwhile, the performance of this project could be also useful in adopting the strategies of municipal solid waste management, developing the innovative technologies of recycling and recovery, and assessing the safe technologies of MSW disposal. According to the results of sampling and analysis, the major compositions of the municipal solid waste were paper, plastics, and food scraps. The composition content of the above waste was almost 92% of the total municipal solid waste. Paper products made up the largest component of MSW generated (42.01%, wet basis), and food scraps comprised the second-largest component (33.02%, wet basis). Plastics were also a major component in MSW. The average content of plastics was 17.18% (wet basis) of the total MSW in 2007. The contents of metals and glasses of the total MSW were 0.61% and 1.12%, respectively. Wood and yard trimming, rubber, leather, and textiles combined made up about 5% of MSW. The results showed that the variation of composition in paper and plastics were increased in the past 10 years. However, the amounts of paper and plastics of the total MSW decreased significantly that resulted in amounts of MSW collection decreased in past decade. Meanwhile, the compositions of food scraps, metals and glasses of MSW decreased gradually every year. On the other hand, the types of paper of MSW included office paper, newspaper, corrugated paper, paper bag, paper container, and paper for toilet products, etc. In this project, the major component of paper from MSW sampling was paper for toilet products. Approximately 64% of paper from MSW sampling was paper for toilet products. The overall average moisture content in the MSW was found to be 51.83%. This is due to the high moisture content of the food scraps fraction. The combustibles made up an above 90% of the MSW on average due to the low content of metals, glass, and other inorganic components. The average lower heating value (LHV) was about 2025.57 Kcal/kg. Based on observations of this project, it was concluded that a well-established database of MSW using the results of long-term sampling and analysis projects could reduce bias in results. This project also provided important information regarding consideration of trend in MSW management.

Refuse sampling, proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, energy content