環保專案成果報告查詢系統

專案計畫編號	EPA-94-L102-02-202
經費年度	095
計畫經費	19,800 千元
專案開始日期	2006/01/01
專案結束日期	2006/12/31
專案主持人	吳坤立
主辦單位	監資處
承辦人	顏瑞錫
執行單位	清華科技檢驗股份有限公司
專案分類	環境資訊系統
中文關鍵字	水質監測，水質標準、方法偵測極限
英文關鍵字	Water Quality Monitoring, Water Quality Standards, Method Detection Limit
協同主持人
共同主持人
計畫聯絡人	許姝羚
計畫聯絡電話	03-5545022
計畫聯絡信箱	tsinghua@seed.net.tw

中文摘要	本計畫主要針對中區六縣市各類水體水質監測，掌握各水體水質隨時間的變化趨勢，並進行各水體污染評估分析，以提供環保單位污染防治決策之參考。中區河川各流域相比較，以分佈於彰化縣與雲林縣之河系，水質狀況較差，尤其以鹿港溪之污染最為嚴重。95年度污染較嚴重的河川為中港溪流域下游、烏溪流域、鹿港溪流域與北港溪流域。在河川水質相對較好之測站，於豐水期間易受懸浮固體影響造成污染等級變差，以大安溪及老莊溪等流域較為明顯；水質較差之測站，其懸浮固體濃度較高，於豐水期懸浮固體對水質之影響較不顯著，而氨氮、生化需氧量等有機性污染物，則因水量增加造成稀釋作用而使濃度有降低之情形，其中以中港溪及後龍溪下游測站、旱溪、鹿港溪、新虎尾溪及北港溪等流域變化較為明顯。另5月至6月時因梅雨鋒面過境降雨量增加，部分河川例如大安溪、大甲溪、烏溪流域及北港溪等流域，受河道沖刷影響，懸浮固體及化學需氧量等測值，有偏高的情形。整體而言，本年度之河川水質較94年度有略為轉好之趨勢。海域水質監測部份，19個海域水質測站分屬甲類及乙類海域環境，95年各季監測結果均符合所屬各類海域海洋環境品質標準。由於第二季採樣期間受滯留鋒面影響，豐富的降水造成陸域河川水量激增，海水鹽度測值普遍較其他季節略低。第一季及第四季大多數測站亞硝酸鹽氮濃度較往年為高，應持續監測海域內亞硝酸鹽氮是否有隨降雨量或季節變化之趨勢。近岸休憩海域水質計有3個休憩海域測站，進行6至9月共9次採樣監測中，大腸桿菌群及腸球菌群試分級結果，其中崎頂海水浴場、通霄海水浴場及大安海水浴場各有3次、2次及6次不符甲類海域海洋環境品質標準。水庫水質計有8座水庫，每季監測一次。95年度四次監測結果中，8座水庫均偶有部分測值超過甲類陸域地面水體水質標準情形。而各水庫優養化程度以日月潭水質最佳，水質優養程度均屬貧養等級，大埔水庫水質最差，水質均屬優養等級。綜合95年度水庫水質狀態，計貧養等級佔25﹪，普養等級佔50﹪，優養等級佔25﹪，整體水質狀況較去年(94年度)佳。地下水水質監測計有6縣市，85個監測井，主要超過第二類監測基準之項目與歷年結果相近，主要以氨氮、鐵及錳為主。各監測井之水質監測項目以Stiff圖及Piper圖圖解方式分析，變化趨勢與94年度一致，無明顯異常情形。
中文關鍵字	水質監測，水質標準、方法偵測極限

中文摘要

本計畫主要針對中區六縣市各類水體水質監測，掌握各水體水質隨時間的變化趨勢，並進行各水體污染評估分析，以提供環保單位污染防治決策之參考。中區河川各流域相比較，以分佈於彰化縣與雲林縣之河系，水質狀況較差，尤其以鹿港溪之污染最為嚴重。95年度污染較嚴重的河川為中港溪流域下游、烏溪流域、鹿港溪流域與北港溪流域。在河川水質相對較好之測站，於豐水期間易受懸浮固體影響造成污染等級變差，以大安溪及老莊溪等流域較為明顯；水質較差之測站，其懸浮固體濃度較高，於豐水期懸浮固體對水質之影響較不顯著，而氨氮、生化需氧量等有機性污染物，則因水量增加造成稀釋作用而使濃度有降低之情形，其中以中港溪及後龍溪下游測站、旱溪、鹿港溪、新虎尾溪及北港溪等流域變化較為明顯。另5月至6月時因梅雨鋒面過境降雨量增加，部分河川例如大安溪、大甲溪、烏溪流域及北港溪等流域，受河道沖刷影響，懸浮固體及化學需氧量等測值，有偏高的情形。整體而言，本年度之河川水質較94年度有略為轉好之趨勢。海域水質監測部份，19個海域水質測站分屬甲類及乙類海域環境，95年各季監測結果均符合所屬各類海域海洋環境品質標準。由於第二季採樣期間受滯留鋒面影響，豐富的降水造成陸域河川水量激增，海水鹽度測值普遍較其他季節略低。第一季及第四季大多數測站亞硝酸鹽氮濃度較往年為高，應持續監測海域內亞硝酸鹽氮是否有隨降雨量或季節變化之趨勢。近岸休憩海域水質計有3個休憩海域測站，進行6至9月共9次採樣監測中，大腸桿菌群及腸球菌群試分級結果，其中崎頂海水浴場、通霄海水浴場及大安海水浴場各有3次、2次及6次不符甲類海域海洋環境品質標準。水庫水質計有8座水庫，每季監測一次。95年度四次監測結果中，8座水庫均偶有部分測值超過甲類陸域地面水體水質標準情形。而各水庫優養化程度以日月潭水質最佳，水質優養程度均屬貧養等級，大埔水庫水質最差，水質均屬優養等級。綜合95年度水庫水質狀態，計貧養等級佔25﹪，普養等級佔50﹪，優養等級佔25﹪，整體水質狀況較去年(94年度)佳。地下水水質監測計有6縣市，85個監測井，主要超過第二類監測基準之項目與歷年結果相近，主要以氨氮、鐵及錳為主。各監測井之水質監測項目以Stiff圖及Piper圖圖解方式分析，變化趨勢與94年度一致，無明顯異常情形。

中文關鍵字

水質監測，水質標準、方法偵測極限

類型	檔名	檔案大小	說明	最新版公開日期
期末報告	KM-99977714-1.pdf	7MB	[期末報告]公開完整版	2007/3/1 上午 12:00:00

摘要	The project was aimed to monitor the water quality of river, ocean, reservoir and underground waters in six counties located in the central part of Taiwan. The survey program was expected to provide useful data to evaluate current pollution condition of the water systems, to predict the changing trend of quality of the water systems, and furthermore to provide reference information for government to making pollution control policy. As to the river water quality is concerned, the monitoring results show that the rivers located in Chang-hua county and in Yun-lin county were found in relatively high extent of pollution. Among the rivers investigated in 2006, the most polluted rivers are the downstream section of Jhong-Gang river, Wu river, Lu-Gang river and Bei-Gang river. In abundant water seasons, suspended solid was found to be one of the most important factors impacting on the RPI(River Pollution Index) in some water systems, especially in the area of Da-An stream and Lao-Jhuang stream, where the quality of waters is in relatively good condition. For some water systems of relatively poor water quality, it was found that the both the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and bio-oxygen-demand (BOD) were substantially diluted in abundant water seasons, these happened especially in the downstream of Jhong-Gang river and Hou-Long river, Han river, Lu-Gang stream, SinHuWei stream and Bei-Gang river. In the plum raining season from May to June, higher suspension solid and chemical-oxygen-demand (COD) were observed especially in Da-An river, Da-Jia river, Wu stream and Bei-Gang river. In summary, the quality of water systems in 2006 was found to be somewhat better than in 2005. The monitoring of ocean shows that the water quality of all the 19 stations investigated in 2006 can meet the criteria of category A or B. The salinity measured in 2nd quarter was found obviously lower than other seasons due to heavy raining. The concentration of nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) in 1st and 4th quarters was found higher compared to that of the past years. We suggest that EPA may need to continue this ocean monitoring program in order to establish the relationship between the concentration change of nitrite nitrogen and high rainfall. The monitoring of three beaches was conducted from June to September in 2006. Among the measured items, colon bacillus and Enterococcus were two specific items frequently exceeding the control criteria. For total of nine consecutive measurements in this monitoring program, the frequency which did not meet the criteria of category A was recorded as in the following：Ci-Ding beach three times, Da-An beach two times and Tong-Siao beach six times, respectively. The monitoring of reservoir water covered eight dams and the frequency was once per quarter. The results obtained in 2006 show that all the eight reserveoirs did not meet the criteria occasionally for some monitoring. The eutrophic level of the Sun-Moon Lake reservoir was the best, but the Da-Pu reservoir was the worst. By summing up ,the monitoring results of reservoirs water,it shows that the percentage of oligotrophe is 25%, mesotrophe is 50%, and eutrophe is 25%,respectively. The water quality of reservoirs in 2006 is found better than in 2005. Finally, the monitoring of groundwater was conducted in six counties covering 85 wells. Among the monitoring items, ammonia nitrogen, iron and manganese were found not meeting the quality criteria of 2nd category. We analyze graphically each monitoring item by Stiff-plotting and Piper-plotting, and the results show that there is no significant difference compared to that of 2005 .
英文關鍵字	Water Quality Monitoring, Water Quality Standards, Method Detection Limit

摘要

The project was aimed to monitor the water quality of river, ocean, reservoir and underground waters in six counties located in the central part of Taiwan. The survey program was expected to provide useful data to evaluate current pollution condition of the water systems, to predict the changing trend of quality of the water systems, and furthermore to provide reference information for government to making pollution control policy. As to the river water quality is concerned, the monitoring results show that the rivers located in Chang-hua county and in Yun-lin county were found in relatively high extent of pollution. Among the rivers investigated in 2006, the most polluted rivers are the downstream section of Jhong-Gang river, Wu river, Lu-Gang river and Bei-Gang river. In abundant water seasons, suspended solid was found to be one of the most important factors impacting on the RPI(River Pollution Index) in some water systems, especially in the area of Da-An stream and Lao-Jhuang stream, where the quality of waters is in relatively good condition. For some water systems of relatively poor water quality, it was found that the both the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and bio-oxygen-demand (BOD) were substantially diluted in abundant water seasons, these happened especially in the downstream of Jhong-Gang river and Hou-Long river, Han river, Lu-Gang stream, SinHuWei stream and Bei-Gang river. In the plum raining season from May to June, higher suspension solid and chemical-oxygen-demand (COD) were observed especially in Da-An river, Da-Jia river, Wu stream and Bei-Gang river. In summary, the quality of water systems in 2006 was found to be somewhat better than in 2005. The monitoring of ocean shows that the water quality of all the 19 stations investigated in 2006 can meet the criteria of category A or B. The salinity measured in 2nd quarter was found obviously lower than other seasons due to heavy raining. The concentration of nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) in 1st and 4th quarters was found higher compared to that of the past years. We suggest that EPA may need to continue this ocean monitoring program in order to establish the relationship between the concentration change of nitrite nitrogen and high rainfall. The monitoring of three beaches was conducted from June to September in 2006. Among the measured items, colon bacillus and Enterococcus were two specific items frequently exceeding the control criteria. For total of nine consecutive measurements in this monitoring program, the frequency which did not meet the criteria of category A was recorded as in the following：Ci-Ding beach three times, Da-An beach two times and Tong-Siao beach six times, respectively. The monitoring of reservoir water covered eight dams and the frequency was once per quarter. The results obtained in 2006 show that all the eight reserveoirs did not meet the criteria occasionally for some monitoring. The eutrophic level of the Sun-Moon Lake reservoir was the best, but the Da-Pu reservoir was the worst. By summing up ,the monitoring results of reservoirs water,it shows that the percentage of oligotrophe is 25%, mesotrophe is 50%, and eutrophe is 25%,respectively. The water quality of reservoirs in 2006 is found better than in 2005. Finally, the monitoring of groundwater was conducted in six counties covering 85 wells. Among the monitoring items, ammonia nitrogen, iron and manganese were found not meeting the quality criteria of 2nd category. We analyze graphically each monitoring item by Stiff-plotting and Piper-plotting, and the results show that there is no significant difference compared to that of 2005 .

英文關鍵字

Water Quality Monitoring, Water Quality Standards, Method Detection Limit