EPA-98-FA12-03-A178

098

16,000 千元

2009/09/28

2010/09/27

陳怡伶

空保處

黎揚輝

中興工程顧問股份有限公司

化學物質管理

戴奧辛，重金屬，環境監測

Dioxin, Heavy metal, Environmental Monitoring

張翰青

02-27698388#20863

hanc@mail.sinotech.com.tw

本計畫主要工作內容包括： 排放資料庫更新與建置、排放檢測與環境監測、檢討管制策略與風險評估、行政及技術支援等四大部分。 戴奧辛及重金屬排放量更新部分，推估97 年國內戴奧辛排放量為23.8~210.7 g I-TEQ/年， 平均值58.9 g I-TEQ/年；98 年為23.1~237.1 g I-TEQ/年， 平均值52.8 g I-TEQ/年， 主要排放源為煉鋼業電弧爐及燒結製程。重金屬部分，97年鉛為10.14噸/年、鎘為1.01 噸/年、汞為1.37 噸/年及砷為4.03 噸/年； 98年鉛約為9.5 噸/年、鎘為1.0 噸/年、汞為1.5 噸/年及砷為5.0噸/年， 主要排放源為焚化爐、燃煤電廠及水泥窯。 重金屬排放調查係針對燃煤鍋爐、高科技業、廢電池、燈管回收處理廠及煉鋼業電弧爐。燃煤鍋爐檢測結果與歷年排放值相近， 廢電池及燈管分別回收鉛及汞， 排放濃度皆可符合排放管制標準， 顯示污染防制設備皆可有效降低排放。 農業廢棄物燃燒戴奧辛及重金屬排放調查部分， 本年度以蓮霧、番荔枝(釋迦)及蕃石榴廢棄物進行實驗，求取排放係數，再配合農業廢棄物露天燃燒量， 推估相關排放量， 並納入露天燃燒排放清冊部分。 環境空氣戴奧辛監測， 本年度以一般空品站、交通測站及重大污染源附近為對象， 監測頻率為每季監測一次且將dioxin-like PCB 納入分析； 四季監測結果介於0.006 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m3 ~ 0.547 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m3，濃度高低受季節變化影響甚大， 其中重大污染源附近彰化縣全興工業區測站於99 年1 月及5 月分別出現0.324 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m3 及0.547 pgWHO2005-TEQ/m3 高值，所有餘測值均低於日本環境空氣戴奧辛準 (0.6 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m3 )。 環境空氣重金屬監測以一般空品站及交通測站為主。監測果顯示，無論一般空品站或交通測站，環境空氣鉛、砷、鎘、鎳濃度皆低於歐盟環境空氣品質基準； 其中以嘉義嘉興國小及高雄楠梓站在砷、鎘、鎳及鉛方面濃度較其他測站為高， 最主要原因係PM10 濃度較高所致。 規劃及檢討排放管制策略與風險評估部份， 對研修固定污染源空氣污染物排放標準，本計畫建議鉛管制濃度值修正為1.0mg/Nm3， 鎘管制濃度值修正為0.02 mg/Nm3。戴奧辛排放源集中之中部地區進行多介質風險結果顯示， 各縣市之致癌風險值均小於百萬分之一， 以各縣市致癌風險值比較， 彰化縣所承受之總風險值略高， 1.05×10-7， 其次則為台中縣及南投縣； 台中市、苗栗縣、雲林縣之風險值均小於10-8。 目前固定源戴奧辛排放標準均已生效， 督察總隊稽查檢測工作， 本計畫協助監督檢測及報告審核， 計畫執行期間共計完 成26 座次監督檢測工作。彙整環保單為98 年稽查數據， 總計完成98 座次稽查，定檢數量則有179 座次。結果顯示共有9 座次檢測不符排放標準，總不合格率3%。99 年迄今，共完成稽查檢測44 座次，定檢數量總計則有115 座次。檢測結果共有2 座次檢測不符排放標準， 總不合格率1%。

戴奧辛，重金屬，環境監測

EPA98FA1203A178.pdf

16MB

期末報告公開版

2011/1/1 上午 12:00:00

(The project of emission investigation and health risk access of air toxic pollutants (Dioxins and heavy metals) from the stationary sources.) The scope of work for this project includes: 1) emission inventory establishment and update; 2) monitoring for stationary emission and the ambient environment; 3) reviewing the control strategy and risk assessment; 4) providing the technique and administrative assistance for the EPA. The total dioxin emission quantity in Taiwan area is estimated to be 23.8~210.7 g I-TEQ/year in 2008 with an average value as 58.9 g I-TEQ/year. While in 2009, the total dioxin emission quantity is 23.1~237.1 g I-TEQ/year with an average value as 52.8 g I-TEQ/year. The major pollution sources include the electric arc furnaces and sinter plants. As for the heavy metal parts, the total emission quantity for lead is 10.14 metric tons/year, cadmium is 1.01 metric tons/year, mercury is 1.37 metric tons/year and arsenic is 4.03 metric tons/year in 2008. The major emission sources include the waste incinerators, coal electric utilities and cement kiln. For heavy metal emission, this study investigates industries such as: coal-burning boilers, high technic industry, waste battery, waste tubes recycle plant as well as steel electrical furnace. . Based on the investigation data, the emission concentration of the coal-burning boilers is close to recent annual concentration. Lead and mercury were recovered by waste battery and tube recycle plants, and both emission concentrations imply with current emission standards. This shows the pollution control facilities can reduce emission quantity effectively. For dioxin and heavy metal emission from agricultural waste open burning, this study executes experiments on bell apple, sweetsop, guava, to obtain relevant emission coefficient and included in the emission inventory for agricultural waste open burning. For the ambient dioxin monitoring, this year is target on general monitoring station, traffic monitoring station and areas around major pollution sources. The monitoring frequency is once every season, in addition, dioxin-like PCB is included for analysis. The concentration resulted from seasonal monitoring range from 0.006 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m3 ~ 0.547 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m3, the monitoring results are fluctuated significantly with seasonal changes. The highest concentration monitored is at the area of one major pollution sources, the Quan-Hsin Industrial Area at Changhua County, which is 0.324 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m3and 0.547 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m3 on January and May 2010, respectively. All other monitoring results are lower than the Japan’s ambient air dioxin standard (0.6 pg WHO2005-TEQ/m3). For the ambient heavy metal monitoring, this year is target on general monitoring station and traffic monitoring station. The monitoring results show ambient concentrations of Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium and Nickel are all below Euro’s ambient air quality standard, no matter it was measured at general or traffic monitoring stations. While concentrations of Arsenic, Cadmium, Nickel and Lead measured at Chiahsin Primary School at Chiayi County and Nanzi area at Kaohsiung are higher than data from other stations. This is as the result of higher PM10 concentration. This study purpose the following actions based on planning and reviewing of current emission control strategy and results of risk assessment. For air emission standard of stationary pollution sources, this study suggests to revise the control standard of Lead to 1.0 mg/Nm3 and Cadmium to 0.02 mg/Nm3. This study carries out multi-medium risk assessment in Central Area, where with most of the dioxin emission sources. The results show the cancer risk value for all the cities and counties are below one in one million. Among them, the cancer risk value of Changhua County is 1.05×10-7, which is slightly higher than others. Taichung County and Nantou County come in second and third, followed with Taichung City, Miaoli County and Yunlin County, which are all below 10-8. Currently, the dioxin emission standard for stationary pollution sources is effective and Bureau of the Environmental Inspection has carried out relevant inspection work. This study assists to supervise sampling and analysis and review of the reports. During the project period, 26 plants-times supervising were completed and the environmental protection sheets were summarized as 2009 data, a total of 82 plants-times inspection and 106 plants-times periodical analysis were completed. There are 7 plants-times did not meet the emission standard, total failing rate is 4%. Since the beginning of 2010, 40 plants-times inspections plus analysis and 115plants-times periodical analysis were completed. There are 2 plants-times did not meet the emission standard, total failing rate is 1%.

Dioxin, Heavy metal, Environmental Monitoring