| 英文摘要 |
Mobile pollution source project has reduced the high pollution vehicles (two-stroke motorcycles) and unqualified high pollution vehicles defined by the pollution distribution characteristics of each quantitative evaluation factors after years of control. However, it requires vehicle owner’s willingness for the decision rather than forced replacements by regulation, the achievements are limited. We suggest strengthen the attention on the exhaust concentration of old motorcycles and also the improvement and maintenance. On the other side, we suggest increase the on-site inspection numbers to force old vehicles to be replaces. From the aspects such as reduction effectiveness or the control on each using groups, it has very good effect and proves the check & control measures implemented by this project does has it performance. On the other side, this project also evaluates the performance of this project from the subjective cognition from citizens. Therefore, we have phone interview survey with citizens, and the result shows trusts and satisfaction toward the inspection station are both higher than 99%. It proves this project has shown a very good performance on the improvement of administrative service quality. Moreover, this project also calculated the reported cases from citizen for years. The result shows reported cases increased from 338 cases in 2006 to 2,259 cases in 2009. Looking into the cause, it may be that currently the test for improvement is for gas pollution, but citizens think motorcycles exhaust white smoke (solid) from their subjective cognition and therefore causes the difference. In the future, we should increase the control on solid object testing to have the control closer to citizen’s life. On the other hand, after years of control, it also has citizens have more understanding on motorcycle exhaust pollution and improve their willingness to help with the improvement on air quality. It is also considered a good benefit.
The data statistic period of this report is from 2009/2/18 to 2009/12/31, achievements of the main task implements are illustrated respectively as follows including the progress and benefits:
1.Motorcycle stop and inspection
Until 2009/12/31, we have completed 8,283 motorcycles. Among them, 3,480 motorcycles were stopped and searched and 4,803 motorcycles were rechecked. Hit rate of the progress is 118.3%. The ratio of average motorcycles coming for testing from January to December, 2009 in Chiayi City is85.78%, listed No.1 among the 25 cities and countries in Taiwan.
2.Motorcycle stop and inspection
Until 2009/12/31, there are 2,255 motorcycles stopped and checked on the road. Among them, 452 motorcycles failed the testing. Total on-road stop and check days are 35days with average 64 motorcycles stopped and checked everyday. The outage probability of stop and inspection is 20.04%. The section of Wufeng South Road before Fu Jen Catholic High School is with the highest outage probability of stop and inspection 24.8%, followed by the road before the underground passage at section 1 of Shixian Road 24.5%. The overall CO concentration improvement rate is about 56.6%, and HC concentration improvement rate is about 48.5%.
As for the average exhaust concentration statistics of the stopped and searched motorcycles, the average CO concentration of annually checked two-stoke motorcycles is 3.15% and the average CO concentration of four-stoke motorcycles is 1.12%. The average HC concentration of annually checked two-stoke motorcycles is 6,314ppm and the average HC concentration of four-stoke motorcycles is 348ppm. The average CO concentration of unchecked two-stoke motorcycles is 3.61% and the average CO concentration of four-stoke motorcycles is 1.49%. The average HC concentration of unchecked two-stoke motorcycles is 7,268ppm and the average HC concentration of four-stoke motorcycles is 382ppm. Moreover, for the statistic figures of outrage probability, outrage probability of annually checked two-stroke motorcycles is 28.7%, annually checked four-stroke motorcycles are with 6.2%, unchecked two-stroke motorcycles are with 44.5% and unchecked four-stroke motorcycles are with 10.7%.
3.Check and evaluation of inspection stations
Until 2009/12/31, we have completed checking for 363 stations with hit rate 100%. For the flaws, most of them belong to the device calibration and inspection operation. Other flaws are mostly not carrying identification card, unclean sampling tubes, unclean filters and input error of motorcycle license numbers during test process, etc. Moreover, it also happened that staff in some test stations were not familiar with the test operation or had incorrect information provided. After checked and asked for improvement through this project, most of them have already been improved. Looking into the cause, it might be caused by the negligence of inspection staff. In the future, we should enhance the supervision and guidance on inspection staff.
4.License plate image identification system task
Until 12/31, we have implemented license plate identification on 194 locations and effectively completed picture checking for 334,438 motorcycles.10,401 motorcycles belong to valid notification for unchecked motorcycles in Chiayi City and the effective notifying rate is 3.11%. There are 8,460 motorcycles which completed the annual inspection after receipt of notification with the average reply rate 81.3%. Moreover, based on inspection information exchange platform of the annual motorcycle inspection information management system of Environmental Protection Administration , the motorcycles checked out of but belong to Chiayi City are 829 motorcycles. There are 584 motorcycles completed the regular testing after receipt of notification with an average reply rate of 70.5%. The motorcycles checked in Chiayi City but belong to other cities are 9,513 motorcycles. 6,264 among them completed the regular test after receipt of notification with an average reply rate 65.9%. Overall motorcycles notified through license plate identification is 20,743 motorcycles, 15,308 of them have replied the notification with a reply rate 73.8%. Through the license plate identification system checking, we can find that motorcycle annual inspection rate in Chiayi City is high inspection rate which causes a relatively low effectiveness rate of motorcycle inspection. We will focus on the using but the unchecked motorcycles to strengthen the control in a hope of effectively improving the motorcycle control rate in Chiayi City.
5.Guidance activities
Until 2009/12/31, we have completed 8 guidance activities and provided free testing for 652 motorcycles during the activities. There are 129 motorcycles which failed the guidance test with an outrage probability 19.8%. 120 motorcycles have improved and completed the second test with improve rate of second test 93%. There are 114 motorcycles which changed air filters during the guidance activities with the subsidy. CO improvement rate is 63.7% and HC improvement rate is 48.2%.
6.Quality control of inspection stations
In order to truly control the test status in each test stat stations, we arranged the on-site motorcycle checking. We have implemented one on-site motorcycle checking in May and one in November through this project, and totally completed the secret on-site motorcycle checking at 66 stations. They all complied with the operational procedures when checked. Flaws are all reported for record and they will improve as regulated. We also have implemented one liner inspection on the analytical devices at inspection stations( accuracy check) on 4/25 by collecting 33 motorcycle test stations in Chiayi City to Chiayi City Diesel Vehicle Dynamometer Exhaust Test Station to process accuracy check and comparison. Most of the test analytical devices used at the motorcycle test stations in Chiayi City comply with accuracy check and qualify by the tolerance judgment exceptI-17 Kailun motorcycle shop. After notification to the station asking for the equipment vendor to process the linear calibration, the station has completed and passed the second test on 4/30.
7.Non-moving motorcycle acoustic test
We have implemented the test for 22 motorcycles and all of them passed the test. The test was separated into 5 days during 4/7~6/25. The check locations were the squares at diesel vehicle exhaust test stations. The average acoustic is 78dB (A). Moreover, if analyzed by vehicle types, there are total 3 gasoline cars with average acoustic 71dB (A). There are total 18 motorcycles with average acoustic 79dB(A) which is higher than gasoline cars.
8.Motorcycle inspection station quality control chart
In order to ensure the accuracy of the test equipments at the test stations, this project uses a quality control chart as the quality control method and use control chart to present the inspection result. Control Chart is a tool for general production unit to proceed production quality control and it can be used in labs as the control of test quality. The main factors which consist of the control chart are the central line and management boundary lines. Management boundary lines can be separated as warning up and bottom lines and control up and bottom lines. Up and bottom limit are located at multiples of the standard deviation of the central line and are used to exclude the errors. The standard motorcycles for testing are decided as 078-DUB（YAMAHA, 101cc, four-stroke motorcycles）. The motorcycle was manufactured in April of 2008 with driving mileages 3,000kms. After the status of the motorcycle is stable, we completed 15 tests to establish the quality control chart. In this year, the quality control chart of test stations is made according to the different brands and models of the test analysis equipments used at the motorcycle test stations in Chiayi city. And there are 7 test stations which participated in the making of quality control chart as follows: I01 Shengyang inspection station HORIBA MEXA-441JA、I02 Hongchia motorcycle inspection station, Shuojie EGA-300, I04 Chiayunnan motorcycle inspection station HORIBA MEXA-441JE, I08 Manjin motorcycle inspection station HORIBA MEXA-544JA, I17 Kailun motorcycle inspection, Fushi ZKE OM4044T, I21 Baihe motorcycle inspection station RIKEN RI803ET and I31 Environmental Protection Administration inspection station RIKEN RI803ET.
9.2009 the First Award of Healthy Cities in Taiwan
The First Award of Healthy Cities in Taiwan is divided into 3 main categories which are healthy city outstanding award, innovation achievement award and outstanding contribution award. The applications of this award competition are as many as 122 applications in the whole country. The initial examination will invite 10 committee members divided into 5 teams to process examination and recommend great related documents to the second examination. The final examination will be judged by 5 reexamination committee members, and there are 26 documents which are awarded. Chiayi City applied for the Innovation Achievement Award with the report that pollution reduction in Chiayi city which is ratio of motorcycles coming for the annual inspection in Chiayi City is No1. in the whole country in a series of 9 years. Ratio of motorcycles coming for the annual inspection in Chiayi City granted the first place in the whole country in a raw of 9 years and presented the best model for city pollution reduction. It provides a clean and healthy living environment for the whole citizens, and therefore granted high recognition from the reexamination committee members. Reexamination committee members addressed that healthy environment must comply with the principles of healthy cities and has diversified development strategies. It is indeed not easy to solidly present the development result and significant effectiveness.
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