| 英文摘要 |
Based on the setting principles of low carbon transportation area, two communities (Tangchiuan Community, Xindian city, Taipei County and Chung-Sheng Neighborhood, Taoyuan County) have been chosen for evaluation purpose. Through installation of public transit systems and reducing personal vehicles driving, the effectiveness of CO2 emission reduction of 140 and 191 tons respectively was achieved. The principles could be provided as evaluation references for the choice of future low carbon transportation area.
The Eco-Driving demonstration fleet, Ho-Hsin Bus Traffic Co., has devoted on eco-driving since 2003. In addition to purchasing vehicle monitoring devices and setting up a Vehicle Traffic Control Center, strategies such as providing training to new drivers, vehicle tracking, driver behavior reward and penalty scheme, integrated maintenance systems altogether help achieve a prominent outcome with a 13.5% increase of its fuel efficiency. The other strategies conducted in this project include collecting international eco-driving strategies as references to draft domestic near, mid and long terms strategies to promote eco-driving, assisting transport companies to perform eco-driving, setting up a web site of eco-driving, providing public eco-driving training courses, printing 10 tips of eco-driving, revealing the effectiveness of different eco-driving strategies, and educating the public how to drive eco-friendly.
As the popularity of HEV usages in Taiwan increasing, a survey was performed to investigate the satisfaction level of current owners on fuel efficiency, vehicle safety, vehicle performance etc., and the results have shown that 87% of the owners were satisfied with their Hybrid Electric Vehicles. This project also chose four different models of HEV to perform field tests on real road to evaluate their effectiveness on fuel saving. Compared with their counterpart conventional ICE (internal combustion engine) vehicles, these HEV models could reduce annually 0.6 to 2 tons of carbon dioxide emissions, and that is equivalent to 7,000 to 25,000 NT dollars saving on fuels. As to the HEV buses, through the demonstration fleet of Capital Bus Company, the results have showed that the fuel economy of 2.81 km/L could be achieved, that is 34% improvement, 19.2 tons carbon dioxide emissions reduction annually, and 200,000 NT dollars saving on fuels compared to the conventional ICE buses.
This project also collected global CO2 emissions data and current status on related technologies and control regulations to understand and keep pace on the international trends. The 2005~2010 type approval emissions data and the willingness of low carbon vehicles introduction to Taiwan by both vehicle manufacturers and importers were also being investigated to understand the current status of CO2 emission from vehicles and future technology trends. With aforementioned studies and referring to the international CO2 emission control framework, this project proposed a set of near, mid and long term strategies to reduce vehicle CO2 emissions for our nation. As to the All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) emissions control issues, the global ATV regulations were being collected and an expert meeting was held, and the conclusions were as follows: Since the ATV is not allowed to drive on public roads, no to apply for type approval and get registration plate, the usage of ATV are on specific purposes, and currently there is no legal way to regulate ATV usage, hence this project proposed to evaluate ATV control regulations based on safety issues at first; second, it is not suggested to set up its related mandatory emission control regulations until the ATV’s sales volume and pollution reach substantial level. To cope with the national energy saving and carbon reduction policy, scenarios for different combinations of vehicle technologies, driving behavior, and transport devices were simulated to assess the effectiveness of carbon reduction. The results have shown that if the promotion of using low carbon emission transport devices combined with accelerating the removal of aged vehicles from the market and providing convenient public transit systems, the targets of national CO2 emissions reduction in transport sector could be achieved.
Finally, overview the global vehicle CO2 emission control strategy, the most effective way is to perform control measures on new vehicles. Hence EPA co-signed with six domestic manufacturers or importers (BMW, FORD, HONDA Taiwan, CMC, Hyundai and Mercedes-Benz) the Voluntary Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Reduction Agreement on December 28, 2010, in which a 10 to 15% CO2 reduction targets were set for different committed signers through introduction of innovative low carbon vehicles and adjustment on sales strategies. The Agreement set a new era milestone for energy saving and carbon reduction in Taiwan.
|