| 英文摘要 |
This project investigated the emissions of dioxin and heavy metal sampled from stationary sources in Pingtung County. The existing emission sources of dioxin and heavy metals were surveyed. One waste-liquid incinerator (A), three secondary aluminum smelters (B, C, and D) and one large scale municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) (E) were selected. The standard methods for sampling and analysis of dioxin and heavy metal were used in accordance with Environmental analysis laboratory in Taiwan. The annual emissions and emission factors of stationary sources were used to update and establish the emission inventory of dioxin and heavy metals. The achievements of this project are described as below:
1.The mean total PCDD/Fs concentrations of stationary sources A, B, C, D, and E were 0.085, 0.018, 0.158, 0.071 and 0.025 ng I-TEQ/Nm3, respectively. All of them are lower than the regulation limit of Taiwan EPA and previous emission levels of factory.
2.The concentrations of Pb, Cd and Hg of secondary aluminum smelter B were all below the detection limit. The mean Pb concentrations of large scale MSWI E were 0.0728 mg/Nm3; those of Cd and Hg were below the detection limit.
3.For waste-liquid incinerator A, the most abundant congeners were OCDD and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD. The major congeners in secondary aluminum smelter B were OCDD, 1,2,3,6,7,8-HpCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF, and OCDF. For secondary aluminum smelter C, the dominant congeners were 2,3,7,8-TeCDF and OCDD. The major congeners in secondary aluminum smelter D were 2,3,7,8-TeCDF. The most abundant congeners in large scale MSWI E were 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, OCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF, and OCDF.
4.The annual emissions and emission factors of PCDD/F were carried out in this project. The PCDD/F emission factors of A, B, C, D, and E were 0.395, 0.0602, 1.83, 3.41, and 0.146 μg /ton-(feedstock or waste), respectively. The annual PCDD/Fs emissions of A, B, C, D, and E were 0.00397, 0.00662, 0.0379, 0.0538, and 0.0201 g I-TEQ/yr, respectively. The emission factors of Pb, Cd and Hg of secondary aluminum smelter B were 0.0129, 0.00176, and 0.00264 g/ton-feedstock, respectively. The annual emissions of Pb, Cd and Hg of B were 1.41, 0.194, and 0.290 kg/yr, respectively. The emission factors of Pb, Cd and Hg of large scale MSWI E were 0.527, 0.00445, and 0.00731 g/ton-feedstock, respectively. The annual emissions of Pb, Cd and Hg of large scale MSWI E were 74.6, 0.630, and 1.03 kg/yr, respectively.
5.The analyses of ambient air and soil samples of one large scale MSWI (E) were investigated in this project. The PCDD/F concentrations of upwind and downwind in ambient air nearby large scale MSWI E were 0.016 and 0.006 pg I-TEQ/Nm3, respectively. The PCDD/F concentrations of SL1, SL2, SL3, SL4, and SL5 in soil nearby large scale MSWI E were 363, 7.00, 8.78, 37.4, and 7.45 ng I-TEQ/kg, respectively. All of them are lower than the regulation limit of Taiwan EPA (1000 ng I-TEQ/kg).
6.The annual PCDD/Fs emissions in Pingtung County were obtained as 0.164 g I-TEQ/yr. The major PCDD/Fs emission sources were incinerator (36.8%), secondary aluminum smelter (61.8%), and crematorium (1.4%).
7.The PCDD/Fs emission of waste-liquid incinerator A, secondary aluminum smelter C, and large scale MSWI E were estimated in this project. Waste-liquid incinerator A needs to analyze chlorine composition of feedstock, and to control a stable operating condition. Secondary aluminum smelter C needs to estimate and adjust the equipment for reducing the PCDD/Fs production. Large scale MSWI E needs to make efforts in the management of bottom ashes and the treatment of soil.
8.This project reviewed current controlling policies and reducing targets for PCDD/Fs and heavy metals by Taiwan EPA. According to the controlling policies of EPA, this project further reported a managed method of PCDD/Fs and heavy metals for Pingtung County. According to previous results of the PCDD/Fs emissions in Pingtung County, the PCDD/Fs emissions in 2002, 2007, and 2010 were 2.2, 0.6, 0.164 g I-TEQ/yr, respectively. The results indicated that Pingtung County has a significant achievement for reducing PCDD/Fs emission. However, there are need to give an education and management strategy for open burning.
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