| 英文摘要 |
Abstract
The Department of Environmental Protection, Taipei City Government carried out regular inspections and tuning improvement for diesel-fueled vehicles based on the goals and spirits set forth in the “Air Pollution Control Act” in order to improve the air quality in Taipei City and provide a clean environment for the good citizens. The implementation was intended for the improvement of the air quality in Taipei City and the achievement of pollution reduction and environmental protection. The plan was intended for the diesel-fueled vehicles on the streets of Taipei City, which were called for inspections at the inspection stations according to the reporting of citizens and visual determination on the vehicle exhausts. For fuel product sampling, the inspections were carried out for the control of illegal fuels containing excessive sulfur content by collecting samples at gas stations, pulling over vehicles for roadside examination and auditing at bus and truck depots.
7,299 vehicle-times of diesel-fueled vehicles (6,663 completed the tests ＋564 were determined as underpowered ＋ 72 were determined as insufficient rpm) were tested during the implementation of the plan. 564 of vehicles failed the tests due to underpowering and 72 due to insufficient rpm. From the age of vehicles, the failure rate was higher for vehicles at the age of 4~6 years at 15.5%, compared to 6.3% for those at the age of 8~10 years and 14~16 years. From engine displacement, 31.9% of vehicles were between 7000 and 8000c.c. In average, vehicles between 13000 and 14000c.c produced higher level of pollution and failure rate. If looking at mileage, the pollution level increases with mileage, and vehicles with the mileage between 200,000 and 300,000 km had higher failure rate. For types of vehicles, large commercial passenger vehicles accounted for 32.3% of total vehicles inspected. The reason for this is that the low pollution identification label project was launched this year, which led to the significant increase of city and highway buses for inspections. Small commercial passenger vehicles, however, had higher failure rate.
Visual inspections on exhausts were carried out on 142,147 vehicle-times of diesel-fueled vehicles during the implementation of the plan. The initial screening result shows that 17,257 vehicles were suspected of pollution, and 2,506 were issued with notification for inspections at the stations. Among the 1,162 arriving for inspection, 38 failed the tests with a failure rate of 3.3% (38/1,162). For the age of vehicles, most of the vehicles spotted at the visual inspections were between 12~14 years; for type of vehicles, most of vehicles were self-owned small and large cargo vehicles, and the special large cargo vehicles had higher failure rate. In addition, most of the vehicles failing the test for underpowering were self-owned cargo vehicles. The failure rate of vehicles older than 14 years for underpowering was higher than those of other ages.
For fuel sample tests, the standard sulfur content for diesel dropped from 350ppm to 50ppm as of Jan 1 2005, and CPC Corp. started supplying supreme diesel with 50ppm of sulfur content or lower on Jun 1 2004. Therefore, the sulfur contents decreased significantly in average despite the slight decrease in overall failure rate. 6,106 diesel samples were collected for the 2010 plan. Test reports were produced for 604 samples out of 609 sent for testing. 3 samples failed the tests with a failure rate of 0.5% (3/604).
Furthermore, diesel-fueled vehicles were pulled over for test for exhaust smoke under no load and rapid acceleration on roads where diesel-fueled vehicle traffic is frequent. 11% of the vehicles pulled over for the tests failed during the implementation of the plan. From the vehicle age point of view, the pollution level increases more or less with the vehicle age. From the type of vehicles, commercial and self-owned small cargo vehicles had greater failure rate.
For the reduced emission of pollutants, the primary benefits of improvement come from the improvement of high pollution level vehicles that failed the inspections and the proper tuning of vehicles. The estimated reduction in particle pollutants is calculated to be 172.57 tons/year based on the annual vehicle mileages provided by EPA.
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