| 英文摘要 |
Compiled the information collected from the countries of America, Europe, and Asia continents, the project studied their laws and regulations, such as USA, Canada, and Japan, requiring owners and operators of chemical tankers to commission response organizations to make environmental response arrangements. According to the international conventions for the prevention of pollution from ships, global case studies, and the operation status of domestic ports, it is suggested that the priority of regulated objectives includes chemicals, ship gross tonnages, and marine transportation-related facilities, moreover; tankers of 150 gross tonnage and above, and ships of 400 gross tonnage and above in packaged form shall reinforce their emergency preparedness. Comparing with the good experience and workable systems in other countries, the project proposed the structure of management system that chemical carriers implement the emergency preparedness and the suggestion of minimum quantitative requirements for chemical spill response organizations in Taiwan.
In accordance with IMDG Code, the guidebook collected information for the Class 6.1- Toxic Substances so that the response action can be guided when the due chemical information is not clarified. After careful data collection and analysis on the chemical transport information around Taiwan, the annual import and export amount and transport frequency of each chemical present in any of the main ports in Taiwan were statistically analyzed for risk assessment. Each chemical’s environmental pollution potential published by MARPOL 73/78 was also assessed and calculated into the risk assessment. 10 most representative chemicals were selected by the risk assessment analysis results, and the 10 marine chemical response handbooks were composed accordingly. Each handbook and guidebook consisted information including specimen labels, hazard symbols, marine pollutant classifications, personal protection, environmental monitoring, and decontamination processes. The established handbooks and guidebook were then published on the website of Taiwan EPA. Additionally, based on the physical behavior of chemical spills in water, the project provides 7 suggested response methods for the first responders as their reference.
According to chemical hazardous characteristics, physical behavior, and possible accident locations, the project proposes the response priority of dealing with multiple disasters and combating methods of spilled chemicals. Other assistance included 1 training workshop, 1 domestic expert meeting, and assisting arrangement of international cooperation.
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