環境資源報告成果查詢系統

100至101年環境水質中區監測計畫(100年度)

中文摘要 本計畫主要針對中區五縣市各類水體水質監測,掌握各水體水質隨時間的變化趨勢,並進行各水體污染評估分析,以提供環保單位污染防治決策之參考。 河川水質計有19條河川主支流,73個監測站,每月監測一次。河川水質監測結果,今年度西湖溪流域、大安溪與大甲溪流域水質狀況較佳,全年屬未(稍)受污染等級達90.9% 以上,而鹿港溪、新虎尾溪及北港溪流域屬中度污染至嚴重等級佔較高比例。中區河川大致以上游水質較佳,下游氨氮污染濃度較高。今年度6月至10月份中部地區累積降雨量較高,河道受沖刷影響,造成部分河川懸浮固體偏高,如烏溪流域、濁水溪流域及新虎尾溪流域及北港溪流域等,水質狀況不佳。濁水溪流域因流經地質特性之故,水質於平日即呈現灰色混濁。整體而言,今年度中部地區河川水水質屬未(稍)受污染等級佔最高比例為49.3%,中度污染等級佔次高比例32.0%,水質狀況今年度略為轉差。 海域水質方面監測結果與海域海洋環境品質標準進行比較,新竹香山沿海、台中港沿海及彰濱沿海屬乙類海域環境水體,雲林沿海海域屬於甲類海域環境水體,今年度監測結果均符合所屬分類海域海洋環境品質標準。第二季監測期間浮游生物生長旺盛,部份測站葉綠素 a 測值出現歷年最高值,第二、三季水質狀況大多較第一、四季為佳,整體水質趨勢與歷年相似。 海灘水質監測崎頂與通霄海水浴場,由今年度9次監測結果顯示,崎頂與通霄海水浴場水質狀況較歷年佳,水質分級結果屬優良級比例分別為100% 與89%,海灘水質易受降雨及河川匯流之影響,造成水質結果變動。 水庫水質計有8座水庫,每季監測一次。由今年度監測結果顯示,日月潭水庫各監測項目均符合甲類陸域地面水體水質標準。中區水庫水質以日月潭水庫、德基水庫及霧社水質較佳,為貧養至普養等級( 75% 至 25% );其次為頭社水庫,為貧養至普養等級( 25% 至75%);永和山水庫今年度均呈普養等級( 100% );明德水庫與鯉魚潭水庫普養至優養等級( 75% 至25% );而以大埔水庫水質最差,屬優養等級(100%)。 地下水水質監測計有 5 縣市,97個監測井,由今年度監測結果顯示,超過地下水第二類監測標準之項目與歷年結果相近,主要以氨氮、鐵及錳為主。地下水揮性有機物僅一口監測井之三氯乙烯測項超過地下水第二類污染管制標準。整體以彰化縣及雲林縣境內監測井之氨氮測值,較其他縣市之測值為高,應是該區域之地質特性因素所致。各監測井之水質,以Stiff水質形狀圖方式評估,屬Ca2+及HCO3-凸出型佔最高比例,為 59.1 %,Piper圖解則屬I區佔最高比例,為 51.1 %,與歷年評析結果大致呈現一致趨勢。
中文關鍵字 水質監測、水質標準、方法偵測極限

基本資訊

專案計畫編號 EPA-100-L101-02-202 經費年度 100 計畫經費 38000 千元
專案開始日期 2011/01/07 專案結束日期 2012/12/31 專案主持人 吳坤立
主辦單位 監資處 承辦人 呂澄洋 執行單位 清華科技檢驗股份有限公司

成果下載

類型 檔名 檔案大小 說明
期末報告 EAP100L10102202(100年度).pdf 22MB

The Environment Monitoring of the Water Quality in the Middle Area of Taiwan from 2011 to 2012 (

英文摘要 The aim of this project was to monitor the water quality of rivers, oceans, reservoirs and groundwater in the five counties located in the central part of Taiwan, to properly understand the changing trend of water quality in those types of water bodies over the passage of time, and evaluate and analyze the pollution to all water bodies to provide information for the Environmental Protection Organization to devise a pollution control policy. A total of 73 water-monitoring stations spread among the 19 rivers was established, and the water quality monitoring result was set to be once per month. The data obtained for this year showed that the water quality of the Si-hu, Da-an and Dajia River Basins had improved, with this year’s proportion of more than 90.9% having no (or slight) pollution. Meanwhile, the Lu-gang, Sin-huwei and Bei-gang River Basins had a higher percentage, ranging from medium to high levels of pollution. As for the rivers in the central regions, the up-stream water quality was generally superior, while the down-stream ammonia and nitrogen concentrations were higher. From June to October this year, higher rainfall had accumulated in the central region of Taiwan, where riverbeds were washed away, resulting in slightly higher concentrations of suspended solids in some rivers, such as the Wu River Basin, Jhuoshuei River Basin, Sin-huwei River Basin and Bei-gang River Basin, deteriorating their water quality. Because of geological characteristics in the Zhuoshui River Basin, water quality was grey and murky on regular days. On the whole, 49.3% of the 19 rivers surveyed this year were found to have no (or slight) pollution and 32.0% were found to have medium pollution levels. The water quality this year slightly deteriorated. The monitored result of water quality in oceans was compared with the standard of environmental quality of seas and oceans. The water quality of offshore Hsiang-shan (Hsinchu County), Taichung Harbor and Chang-hwa Coastal area was rated as Class-B ocean environment water body, and offshore Yun-lin was rated Class-A ocean environment water body. The results monitored this year were satisfactory to quality standard for the marine environment quality for categorized sea waters. During the second season of monitoring, abundant plankton growth was found, and Chlorophyll A values detected by some monitoring stations was the highest when compared to the past years. Water quality in the second and third seasons was better than that in the first and fourth seasons. On the whole, the trend of water quality was similar to past years. Water quality of Chi-ting and Tung-hsiao Beach was monitored. The area was monitored nine times this year and results showed that the water quality of Chi-ting and Tung-hsiao Beach was better than past years. The ratios of those rated superior are 100% and 89% respectively. The water quality of beaches may be affected by rainfall and merging river flows, resulting in changes to their water quality. The water quality of eight reservoirs was monitored once each season. The results show that the water quality of the Sun-Moon Lake Reservoir was the best among all dams monitored, which meets the water quality criteria of Class-A. In terms of the water quality of reservoirs in central Taiwan, the water quality of the Sun Moon Lake Reservoir, Te-Chi Reservoir and Wushe was rated higher at oligotrophe to mesotrophe all year round (75%-25%); followed by the Tou-She Reservoir having a rating of oligotrophe to mesotrophe (25%-75%). The water quality of Yong-he-shan Reservoir was rated at mesotrophe (100%) this year; the Ming-te Reservoir and Li-yu-tan Reservoir were rated at mesotrophe to eutrophe (75%-25%), while the Ta-pu Reservoir had the worst water quality rated at eutrophe (100%). The monitoring of underground water quality was conducted through 97 wells spread across five counties. The data obtained this year showed that, items exceeding underground water Class-B monitoring criteria were about the same as results found in previous years, mainly ammonia nitrogen, iron, and manganese. Of the volatile organic compounds in the underground water, only the trichloroethylene in one monitored well exceeded the Underground Water Class B Contaminant Control Standards. On the whole, only the measured ammonia nitrogen values in wells in Changhua County and Yunlin County were higher than in other counties, which may be due to local geological characteristics. According to the assessment of water quality of all monitored wells, using Stiff-plotting analysis, the highest percentage was 59.1% for Ca2+ and HCO3- , while the Piper-plotting method showed that Area I had the highest percentage, which was 51.1%. The trend was found to be consistent with the results of analysis conducted in the past years.
英文關鍵字 Water Quality Monitoring, Water Quality Standards, Method Detection Limit