| 英文摘要 |
1.Street sweeping and washing
118,952.9km of street washing by machine were performed during the project with 101.7% achievement. 148,284.9 tons of water was used for street washing with an average of 1.25 tons/km. 73,616.2 km of street sweeping were conducted with 102.2% achievement. 693 tons of dusts and dirt were collected with an average of 0.009 tons/km.
2.Performance evaluation for street sweeping and washing
As an effort to evaluate the performance of reduction of street washing and sweeping and to establish the road emission coefficients of the City, street dust load tests were performed at 675 locations before and after the sweeping and washing. 45 roads and streets were selected for the quarterly tests. The silt load was 0.787g/m2 and street dust load 3.107g/m2 in average before implementation. This qualified class B for the roads and streets selected as per the street dust load control target values established by EPA. However, the roads and streets were qualified for class A after implementation as the silt load was 0.243g/m2 and street dust load 0.99g/m2 in average. The calculation showed that reduction was 69.1% for silt and 68.1% for dust in average, indicating significant performance of the street washing and sweeping in terms of the reduction of street dusts.
3.Estimated pollution reduction
According to the project results, 192,569.1km of roads and streets were swept and washed during the project. With the reduction equation of EPA (reduction ＝ length of streets swept/washed × reduction coefficient), the reduction was estimated to be 2,657.5 tons for TSP, 500.7 tons for PM10 and 49.9 tons for PM2.5.
4.Survey of road pollution
Survey was performed on 1,612 roads and streets for 8,022.3km during the project. With the improvement of road pollution sources through lateral reporting, improvement was done on 62 cases reported during the project. The most recent survey (June to Nov 2014) showed 64.3% for class A roads, 35.7% for class B roads and 0% for class C roads, suggesting higher percentage of class A roads in the City. No class C roads were found as opposed to the result of the first survey (Dec 2011 to May 2012).
5.Integration of the City’s street sweeping and washing resources
Competent authorities in charge of road management were invited for 3 coordination meetings for street sweeping and washing and the establishment of road pollution reporting and handling system. Data regarding the length of streets and roads swept/washed by the City’s competent authorities were collected and summarized to find that 924,662.3km of streets and roads were swept/washed for an estimated TSP reduction of 12,760.3 tons.
6.Road adoption by businesses for maintenance
86 businesses were sought to for road adoption. Those with excellent performance were recognized in public with citations. 103,865.1km of roads and streets were adopted for an estimated TSP reduction of 1,433.3 tons.
7.Public satisfaction survey
Questionnaire survey was conducted in 2012 and 2014 to find out what the citizens of Tainan thought about the quality of the street sweeping and washing performed by the Environmental Protection Bureau, how they felt about the performance and whether they were satisfied, and 500 and 554 copies of questionnaire (valid samples), respectively, were distributed and retrieved for the survey. The results showed that only 3.1% of the interviewees were “unsatisfied” and 0.2% “very unsatisfied”, totally 3.3% with what the City Hall of Tainan had done to keep the streets clean, and 60.1% of interviewees agreed that the sweeping and washing should be continued on some priority roads (with only 1.5% that did not).
8.Response to air quality deterioration
Street washing was also performed as an emergency response action to the reports of possible air quality deterioration from EPA. 77 days of work were provided at the locations reported and it accumulated up to 5,181.6km. By optimizing the washing routes, the length of street washing as emergency response increased from 41.76km/day to 75.3km/day.
9.Improvement of road pollution caused by farming machines and equipment
9 sessions of propaganda presentation for improvement of road pollution caused by farming machines were provided to 620 people at the districts where rice faming is extensive. Inspection tours were given to 504.95km of roads of high pollution risks and 18 warning were issued.
10.Propagandas
(1)4 sessions of sweeping and washing demonstration were provided to the City departments in charge of street sweeping and washing, construction site managers and operators listed as fixed pollutant emission source for the propaganda of EPA’s instruction manual.
(2)30 piece of project-related news were released as part of the project implementation.
(3)A session of propaganda for water source used for street sweeping and washing and improvement of pollution caused by farming machines was provided for each of radio broadcasting and cable TV service, as to demonstrate what the Environmental Protection Bureau did for energy saving, CO2 reduction and not taking water from public use, as well as to increase the visibility of government policies.
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