| 英文摘要 |
Abstract
1. Project title: Reduction of pig industry pollution source plane in Ilan county, 2012.
2. Period: 2012.3.6~2012.12.15.
3. Project leader: Sheng-Yuan Hsieh.
4. Target: Set up at least 300 pig toilets in Ilan county. Conduct the effectiveness of pigpen, three-stage waste water treatment and solid waste disposal. Moreover, following the status of implementation and analyze any possible of cost-benefit to assess effectiveness of the reduction of pig industry pollution source plane in Ilan county.
5. Result:
(1) Pre-Processing:
A. Promotion counseling instructions conference: Invited Agriculture Department, Pig Association and other relevant agencies, groups in Ilan county to participate in order to facilitate policy go smoothly. 39 pig farmers has attended this conference.
B. Pig farmers selection: Assessed the scale, pigpen ground type, the amount of pigs, willingness of participate and tracking pleasure. There were 19 pig farmers were selected to participate this project, including 9 farmers in Jiaoxi, 4 farmers in Yuanshan, 1 farmers in Ilan city, 1 farmer in Zhungwei, 2 farmers in Wujei, 1farmers in Tungshan and Sanxing.
(2) Set up pig toilets:
A. The original amount of pig toilets were 300 according to the contract, though the minimum requirement were 333. To promote the purpose of this project, the commissioning agency purchase 33 pig toilets to satisfy the demand.
B. Pig Association requested the team to execute epidemic prevention before enter the pigpen. Other parts of pig farmers set up pig toilets by themselves because of epidemic prevention and other consideration.
(3) Execution status tracking:
A. fecal concentration effect: pig manure distribution were about 8.0% in the pigpen with pig toilets and about 20.1% without pig toilets, so pig toilet showed the significant effect of gathering the fecal.
B. Relative between pig type and fecal concentration effect: Most pig farmers announced that small pigs had more effectiveness than others type of pigs. According to the statistics, the smaller pigs had less stability of defecating habits than large pigs and medium pigs. Pigs Body truly had its impact on effectiveness of the use of pig toilets, but still need long-term observation to certificate.
C. Relative between temperature and fecal concentration effect: As temperature rose gradually on July and August, the pig manure distribution ratio increased from 5.5％ to 9.8％ and 15.2％, so higher temperature truly impact the pigs using pig toilets. Therefore pigpen usually have wet environment which caused negative effect on pig toilets because of washing frequency.
D. Relative between feed type and fecal concentration effect: Compared with 15 dry material feeding pig farmers which pig manure distribution is 5.1％, Other wet material feeding pig farmers’ pig manure distribution is 7.8％ except Lin, Xi-Kun Pig farm. The results showed pig toilets still had high effective in wet feeding environment.
E. Saving of times, water, and electric power:
a. Saving times: Pig farmers announced the saving ratio of cleaning times were 70％, 56％, 53％, and 80％ during June to September.
b. Saving water: Each pig toilets could save 192.4~250.1 liters of water per day.
c. Saving electric power: Each pig toilets could save 0.04~0.05 degree/day of electric power.
F. Record of pig injury: According to the statistics, 7 pigs had serious injured caused by pig toilets.
G.. Breeding rate: 17 pig farmers announce pig toilets weren’t caused any effect on breeding rate.
H. Raw water and effluent quality test: The SS and COD concentration of raw water were 3,384 mg/L and 8,070 mg/L which higher than before setting up pig toilets because of water reduce and decreased the height of level control meter. The COD concentration of solid-liquid separation were lower after setting up pig toilets because that pig manure were not easy to collapse during the shorter residence time in raw wastewater pool. The SS and COD concentration of wastewater after solid-liquid separation had been lower after installation of pig toilets, results in lower SS and COD effluent concentration. Therefore, using pig toilets and shorten the residence time of pig manure in raw wastewater pool helps reduce the load of three-stage water treatment facilities.
I. Recycling place of solid pig manure: Pig farmers used high pressure washing equipment cleaning pigpen, and no artificial cleaning pig manure. Solid pig manure was supplied to neighboring farmland as fertilizer.
J. Receiving water pollution: According to TeiTzuKou Stream water quality monitoring results, after set up pig toilets in Jiaoxi during 2011, TeiTzuKou Stream station has no longer up to the case of “serious pollution”. In addition, the Cijie Bridge station RPI value was showed as slightly contaminated to moderately polluted situation. However, due to lower amount of pig toilets installation near ShiChao Bridge, Kavalan Bridge, and Huludu Bridge station, the changes of RPI value were not significantly of above station.
K. Odor: NH3 concentration decreased from 3~9 ppm to <0.1~2 ppm, and H2S concentration decreased from 0.4~0.8 ppm to <0.1 ppm in 94％ pig farmers’ pigpen
(4)Effectiveness of counseling
A. Most pig farmers have a lack of maintenance and faulty operation on three-stage wastewater treatment facilities, and most common absence was active-sludge pool. According to the results of SV30 test, only 1 pig farmer’s active-sludge was over 150 ml. Most pig farmers were afraid of effluence SS beyond the control standards, so didn’t return the sludge.
B. About 16％ defecation stocking area without proper isolation, 37％ pigpen didn’t kept dry and ventilated, another 63％ environment didn’t greening and beautification. Every pig farmers were commissioned to clean up the dead pigs.
(5) Execution status tracking of participator last year:
A. fecal concentration effect: pig manure distribution were about 2.8% in the pigpen with pig toilets and about 10.0% without pig toilets, so pig toilet showed the significant effect of gathering the fecal.
B. Saving of times, water, and electric power:
a. Saving times: About 20％ pig farmer have been remove the pig toilets, so there is no time-saving. Approximate 34％ pig farmers announced time-saving effectiveness reached 20~30％, 33％ pig farmers announced time-saving effectiveness reached 30~50％, and 13％ pig farmers announced time-saving effectiveness reached over 50％.
b. Saving water: Each pig toilets could save 176~217 liters of water per day.
c. Saving electric power: Each pig toilets could save 0.03~0.04 degree/day of electric power.
(6) Effectiveness of counseling conference:
Invited Pig Association and other groups, and shared the results of the project to pig farmers in Yilan County to enhance communication and the consensus of the pig farmers. Another common deletion also enhanced the advocacy pig industry wastewater treatment facilities and improving methods. The amount of pig farmers participate were 44.
|