| 英文摘要 |
The objectives of the 2012 project could be categorized into four main work items. 1): Execution of new motorcycle model emission certification related control measures. 2): Upgrade and perform maintenance on the electronic motorcycle certification application system, which include integrate the emission and noise certificates into one certificate; establish management and inquiry functions for motorcycle individual type-approval related tests; move system server mainframe to a new location etc. 3): Execution of the in-use motorcycle recall and correction investigation related tests. 4): Collect and analyze motorcycle emissions related information and test data, which include domestic and abroad emissions test data analysis; Survey the international motorcycle emissions related regulations; Perform WMTC tests, and conduct investigation tests on in-use heavy-duty motorcycles and aged motorcycles. The project achievements are described as follows:
As to the execution of new motorcycle model emission certification related control measures: Some imported motorcycles with over 150 cc engines failed to comply with the Stage 5 HC and NOx standard limits; Some new models failed every durability tests; One engine family failed its initial annual selective audit test, after proper adjustments, it passed the repeat test; Manufacturers obvious improved their performance on their Conformity of Production tests; The estimated total emissions from motorcycles in 2012 were: CO: 115,886 tons, THC: 73,712 tons, and NOx: 10,925 tons; According to the initial evaluation, there are 9 engine families eligible for the 2013 model year green motorcycle award.
As to the upgrade and perform maintenance on the electronic motorcycle certification application system: This project has integrated the electronic issuance of emission and noise combined certificate; Established management and inquiry functions for individual certification tests; Add new functions on current electronic certification system; Moved the electronic certification system’s mainframe to a new location.
As to the recall and correction investigation tests on in-use motorcycles: This project has tested 50 motorcycles, of which 9 engine families could comply with the standards. One engine family motorcycle was found being tampered, and its exhaust emissions were far above the standard limits.
The certification emissions test data of motorcycles that comply with the Stage 5 standards were analyzed, the result showed that about 40 to 90% of the motorcycles with engine displacement under 150 cc could comply with the Taiwan Stage 6 emission standards, and only 20 to 50% of the motorcycles with engine displacement over 150 cc could be in compliance; About 55% of the European standards certified motorcycles could comply with the Taiwan Stage 5 emission standards; All Japanese standards certified motorcycles could comply with the Taiwan Stage 5 emission standards; By using the domestic on road durability testing data, the average motorcycle’s deterioration factor at 30,000 km was estimated to be about 1,177~1,254;
The Stage 5 and WMTC driving cycle emission tests were being conducted and compared, the results showed that the CO emission of WMTC was higher than Stage 5’s, on the contrary, the Stage 5’s HC and NOx emissions were higher. The two driving cycle test results were not highly related; For WMTC tests the emitted CO and HC emissions were concentrated at the first stage of driving cycle, but for large displacement motorcycles, emitted CO and HC emissions were concentrated at the third stage, and the percentage of CO and NOx emissions increased obviously.
The investigation of exhaust emissions from in-use heavy-duty motorcycles showed that most motorcycles within their useful life warrantee mileage could comply with the standards and the test results were close to the certification data. If the travel mileage of the motorcycle was close to or exceed its useful life warrantee mileage, the emissions values tend to be high, sometimes far exceed the standard limits. If the certification data were close to the standard limits, the motorcycle tends to exceed the standard limits within its in-use period.
Checking the working condition of the in-use motorcycle emission control devices, all motorcycles being checked were in compliance; for aged motorcycles, the CO and HC emission values lowed after performed proper maintenance, NOx emission increased could be due to improvement on the combustion efficiency. To perform maintenance on motorcycle is necessary, because a small portion of motorcycles tend to deteriorate more obviously for CO and HC emissions, and the NOx emission deterioration rate even higher.
To encourage manufacturers to complete their Conformity of Production tests as soon as possible, this project proposed to suspend the certification applications for those manufacturers that failed to complete their regulatory required COP tests, and set a deadline for completion. The competent authority may revoke the manufacturers’ emission certificates if they fail to meet the deadline. As for the vehicle with tempered emission control devices, the vehicle user or owner shall be subjected to penalties in accordance with the law, the vehicle shall be forced to take inspection and emission tests by the competent authority designated motorcycle inspection station.
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