101 年度新北、台中、高雄農地污染之 環境資料蒐集與污染關聯性分析計畫
| 中文摘要 | 在臺灣土壤重金屬污染主要發生的水田，歸因於灌溉用水的污染。這引起大眾的關注，因為它對健康構成威脅。「土壤及地下水污染整治法」的頒布施行，目的是為了拯救受污染的土壤和地下水。基於「污染者付費」的概念，污染行為人、潛在污染責任人，必須要確定，才能採取法律行動，要求其支付相關之整治費用之責任。然而對農地污染而言，這是非常困難的，污染行為人，除了少數個案，如桃園中福鎘污染案之基力化工得以確認。在大多數情況下，土壤中重金屬污染之特徵會出現複雜的空間變化和型態，而污染物的來源眾多，且都經過相當長的過程時間的累積，導致很難確定污染行為人的責任歸屬。 在已完成的土壤污染復育場址中，位於新北市、台中市、高雄市，歷經四個政府出資的整治計畫。為追償整治經費，本計畫的主要目的是使用各種的方法，相結合環境因素之分析，試圖找出農田水利會作為潛在污染責任人的佐證。在收集和彙整了相關的文件，分析環境的因素、周圍的地質特徵、相關的歷史調查記錄、灌溉系統資訊，以及其他的時空數據，建置了一個任務導向的地理資訊系統（GIS）數據庫。在總共108筆地籍地號之場址中，其中有101筆水田屬於桃園，台中，高雄三個農田水利會。使用污染潛勢指標分析，找出易受污染的地點，並透過場址周圍之農田灌溉系統，與相關監測紀錄，判斷造成污染的途徑。在最常見之情況，灌溉已被證明是污染物運輸的主要途徑，農地土壤污染是灌溉水質污染所導致的後果。在政府相關法規中，農田水利會負有管理灌溉用水量和水質安全之責任。顯然，在土壤污染發生的過程中，存在灌溉管理不當的問題，農田水利會自應承擔相關的責任。 | ||
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| 中文關鍵字 | 高污染潛勢農地、土壤重金屬、法律求償 | ||
基本資訊
| 專案計畫編號 | EPA-101-GA11-03-D167 | 經費年度 | 101 | 計畫經費 | 950 千元 |
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| 專案開始日期 | 2012/09/21 | 專案結束日期 | 2012/12/31 | 專案主持人 | 張尊國 教授 |
| 主辦單位 | 土污基管會 | 承辦人 | 謝佳諭 | 執行單位 | 台灣大學 |
成果下載
| 類型 | 檔名 | 檔案大小 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 期末報告 | EPA-101-GA11-03-D167(公開版)0130.pdf.pdf | 12MB |
Environmental Data Compilation and Pollution Causes Analysis of Agricultural Land Pollution in New T
| 英文摘要 | Soil heavy metal contaminations mostly occurred in the paddy fields in Taiwan attributed to irrigation water pollution. It aroused public concern because its health threat. The goal of promulgation of “Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act” is to rescue the contaminated soil and groundwater. Based on the concept of “polluter pays principle”, the polluter, potential polluter, have to be identified and asked to take the liability to cover the expense. However, it is very difficult to find out who is the polluter, except for few cases as Zhong-Fu. In most cases the characteristics of heavy metals in soil exhibited complex spatial variations and patterns, and the pollutants came from many sources with a long period of time, caused it very difficult to identify attribution of liability. The remediation of soil pollution in contaminated sites, located in New Taipei City, Taichung City and Kaohsiung City, have been completed through carried out four remediation projects funded by government. The main purpose of this project is to unravel environmental factors at contaminated site using a combination of different approaches, and trying to figure out the liability of irrigation associations as the potential polluter. After collecting and summarizing the related documents in terms of environmental factors, surrounding geological features, the relevant historical investigation records, irrigation system information, and spatiotemporal data, a task-oriented geographic information systems (GIS) database was built. Among the 108 cadastral lots, 101 paddies belong to Taoyuan, Taichung and Kaohsiung Irrigation Associations. Using the potential pollution index to analysis where are the vulnerable pollution locations, and judge the surrounding irrigation system as the path way to cause the farmland pollution. In general, irrigation has been proved as a major route of pollutants transportation and in consequence of agricultural soil pollution. By the law, the irrigation associations take responsibility in charge of the safety of irrigation water quality and quantity. Obviously, improper management of irrigation system occurred in soil pollution process, and the irrigation associations should take the liability as potential polluter. | ||
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| 英文關鍵字 | Agricultural soil pollution pattern, heavy metals in soil, cost recovery claim | ||