| 英文摘要 |
This project organized and reported the air quality in weekly and monthly. According to the air quality trend, the result shows 2012’s PSI>100 for ambient air quality monitoring stations dropped to 0.97%, which were the best ever in Taiwan.
On May 14th, 2012, Taiwan’s EPA set up PM2.5 (annual and 24-hr) standards and established guidelines to designate nonattainment areas in Taiwan. In the guideline, 3-year FRM manual sampled PM2.5 data should be adopted for designating nonattainment areas in Taiwan.
With extensive scientific research, both the World Health Organization (WHO) and the US EPA abolished the 1-hour O3 standards, yet adopted the 8-hour O3 standards. The US Clean Air Act (CAA) provisions stipulated the review of the NAAQS in every five years. In December 2012, the US EPA promulgated the PM2.5 annual standard to be 12 μg/m3.
Because of the Taiwan EPA’s effective control measures, the impact of the fugitive dust from river banks on the Lumbak Station and Taitung Station has greatly reduced. Therefore, even there were dust events during year 2011-2012; the high PM concentration was much lower comparing to those of year 2008-2010.
The wind field and the terrestrial effects from the typhoons locating in the Bashi Channel or the eastern sea region of Taiwan would cause worse air quality (high ozone) in the North, Central, and Yun Jianan air quality regions. The typhoons from the southeast of Taiwan or from the south of Cape Eluanbi, could create the local dust storms from river banks.
This project has conducted four field inspections near the fugitive dust sources. The possible affecting parameters such as weather, economic activity, emissions and more than 10 other factors were selected for a factorial analysis to construct a statistical model to analyze air quality. This model can provide the sequences and directions for investigating the future air pollution episodes. In the project, it is concluded the monthly average PM10 concentration is highly related with the number of rainy days, relative humidity, oil sales and the number of motorcycles in Nantou County.
“The Guidelines for Air Pollution Control Plan and Protocols” was completed and aids were provided to the counties such as clarifying the related questions. The calculations of emissions reduction submitted by the counties were also organized into the emissions inventory categories.
A comparison study between the California South Coast Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) for PM2.5 with Taiwan’s control strategies showed that the requirements of the submittal of basic information of emissions, the detailed calculations of the emission reduction, the public hearings and science evidence (modeling) are important parts in the South Coast AQMP.
Year 2010 was proposed as the baseline year for local air agencies to achieve the short-, mid-, and long-term goals of emissions control and to lower air pollutants concentrations. The future control measures for PM2.5 were planned and the attainment test used by US EPA was introduced so that it could be adopted for future attainment verification.
Other tasks of this project included: review and document the emission increase from the Environmental Impact Assessment projects; establish special regulations for industrial parks; assist the Land/Air Eagle project to monitor fugitive dust sources; analyze the effectiveness of the pollution control measures; assist in informing unhealthy air quality days; renew and maintain the web pages; renew the environmental encyclopedia; finish “36-year Air Quality Protection Chronicle” and “The Annual Assessment Report of Air Pollution Control in Taiwan for 2011”.
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