| 英文摘要 |
For the past 40 years in Taiwan, most of the water pollution prevention policies and control techniques have made were focused on pollutants discharged from point sources, such as the industrial and sewage treatment plants. With most of the point sources are being controlled and the increasing development of urbanization, recreation and agriculture activities in water catchments, as well as the rising rainfall intensity due to the recent climate change, nonpoint source (NPS) pollution caused by rainfall-runoff and its carried pollutants have become more significant to the receiving water bodies, and as the leading cause of water quality problems in drinking water reservoirs. The discharges of NPS pollutants are associated with a rainfall event and dependent to the type of landuse and site-specific conditions from which the runoff are moving through. Therefore, the control measures for “point sources”, such as the regulations of discharge-permit application and the requirement of effluent limitations, are not appropriate for effectively control of the NPS pollution. This project entitled as “The development of water pollution regulations and management guidelines on implementing the control of nonpoint source and stormwater runoff pollutions” aims to study and develop of the policies and management practices for the prevention and control of the NPS pollution and polluted runoff in Taiwan.
First, this work recommend a volume control criteria of the first 15mm runoff to reduce pollutants in runoff from newly developed and redeveloped urban areas and roads/highways. A handbook containing 10 Non-Structural Best Management Practices (BMPs) and 17 Structural BMPs was prepared in this work to support the 15mm control criteria by providing general guidance for selecting and implementing BMPs and Low Impact Development(LID) techniques. These guidelines can serve as the basis for NPS and stormwater pollution regulations in Taiwan. Secondly, this work examines laws and regulations related to the control of nonpoint source and stormwater runoff pollutions in Taiwan and compares that to those applied in the United States, Japan and Korea. Based on the analysis results, this project provides a management framework for requiring and reviewing the NPS and stormwater pollution prevention plans submitted to EPA, and recommendations on the future legislations and management systems for the control of NPS pollution.
|