| 英文摘要 |
(I) Perform sweeping and washing operations, enhance air quality：
According to the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) air quality annual report of R.O.C. (Taiwan), 2012. With statistics and analysis Taiwan's air quality monitoring network of the Pollutant Standards Index (PSI, it means Pollutant Standard Index) point out that Ozone (O3) and suspended particles both of them caused the poor air quality of Taiwan, and O3 and suspended particles accounted for 81.3 and 18.7 percent of the poor air quality daily (Particulate matter, hereinafter referred to as PM10).
The civil construction works such as contract construction, laying of pipeline projects, road maintenance, construction, stacked or transported the sand bricks of any improper arising dust emission, if it not removed timely, it will be subsidence in the ground by dry and wet subsidence, and raised again with the activities on the ground, resulting in deterioration of air quality, the car raises dust that is the most important types of pollution, meanwhile the cleaning and washing operation of streets is the most effective way to control car raises dust probability by a remove road dust, which also reduce the occurrence of road dust.
The street-washing had executed since April 17, 2013 until December 16, 2013, and in that time planning the street washing of Chiayi City each administrative region's major roads and stations around the roads, the total length of washing and sweeping the streets each 10,000 km at least , to perform a cumulative total of 10,388.3 km street washing until end, to perform a cumulative total of 10,685.1 km street sweeping until end , and cumulative reach a rate of 103.88% and 106.85%.
(II) Effective estimation of pollution reducing by street washing and sweeping：
This year street wash and sweep accumulated 21,073.4 km length of the year is according to EPA reduction formula (reductions = length of wash and sweep × reduction coefficient), estimate the reduction of TSP are 290.81 tones, PM10 are 54.79 tones.Based on the control plan of air pollution in Chiayi City, 2013, the plan vest control category of "fugitive sources of pollution", and the adoption of control strategies are "Strengthening street dust cleaning and sweeping job", cuts planning approach is "the implementation of cleaning and washing Street operations"(including the cleaning units of Chiayi City). The scheduled to perform washing and sweeping length is 62,500 km, which is expected can be reduced TSP 862.5 tones and PM10 162.5 tones, while this project execution with the cleaning units of Chiayi City statistics perform washing and sweeping the length of a total of 73,093.4 km until December 16, expected to reduce TSP 1,008.69 tones and 190.04 tones of PM10. The target has been reached 116.95%.
(III) Effective evaluation of street washing and sweeping：
Analysis of street-washing operates the street dust removal case, and it also estimate the particulate matter reductions of this project, to assess the effectiveness of street washing job reductions, respectively, do the TSP and street dust analysis job before and after the street washing operations. This project choose those traffic flow are larger and around the station roads in Chiayi City to detect, and as the principle of Zhong xing Road, You ai Road , Bo ai Road Sec , Beigang Road , Zhongxiao Road and Wufeng South Road as a detection sections, respectively at May 30 and May 31, 2013 and October 11 and October 12, 2013 for testing, each of the executive a total of 12 times of TSP and PM10 detect and street dust load detection.
The TSP test results analysis shows before street washing, Wufeng South Road was 142 μg/m3 with the highest and Zhong xing Road was 51 μg/m3 with the lowest. The TSP improvement rate is You ai Road, which up to 34%. In PM10, Beigang Road and Wufeng South Road were 79 μg/m3 with the highest before street washing , and Zhong xing Road was 32 μg/m3 with the lowest after street washing, the highest rate of improvement in the PM10 is Zhong xing Road up to 27%.
By road dust load analysis before street washing, Bo ai Road was 2.254 g/m2 with the maximum load , and the lowest at Bo ai Road was 0.096 g/m2 after street washing. According to the improvement rate of street washing before and after, Sec.1 and Sec.2, Bo ai Road are highest, reaching 89.6%. And the remaining five road improvement rate ranged between 34.9 to 78.8 percent. By the detection of data integration, street washing operations for this project to reduce street dust load, thereby improving air quality, is effectiveness preliminary reached.
(IV) Census of dirt road circumstances：
To strengthen mastered and enhance road dirt level in Chiayi City, and as the reference regularly planning wash and sweep Street route, this project monthly street washing Road, Chiayi City conducted a comprehensive road census. Road census since April to November 30, statistics a total of 266 times, the census total mileage of 614.8 kilometers, from the road census data of each month, April and May, 2013. A-level roads has lower proportion, rest of the year A-level road reached more than 70%, an average of 79.18% in the average. Road census could understand more about the road conditions in Chiayi City, also according to the road census results to plane the wash and sweep Street route.
(V) Operational audit of street-washing：
In order to ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of street washing and sweeping in this project can achieve the checking of the status of implementation of the field operations personnel to perform once two weeks by the team in accordance with the provisions of the tender notified planning survey of the current status of implementation of the work of street washing and sweeping operations, and on a regular basis job execution status return to the Environmental Protection Agency. The year street washing and sweeping job audit, focus on whether executives and vehicle equipment in accordance with the original design performance execute and perform the audit frequency of once two weeks during the project period, a total of 38 roads street washing and sweeping the status of survey operations, the cumulative checking the total length of 272.8 km, shown by the results of spot checks sections, street washing and sweeping job execution, according to the standard operating procedures meet the requirements.
(VI) Survey：
In order to understand the people in Chiayi City Environmental Protection Bureau to strengthen the street dust wash Street plan related purposes of view and to provide the Chiayi City Environmental Protection Agency determined policies and strengthen service convenience of reference, completed home washing and sweeping the city streets road 250 questionnaires (questionnaires).The survey interviewed thirteen issues were ten multiple - choice questions, one multiple choice questions and two open problems questions. Analysis of the survey part of the sex of the respondents to the proportion of women is higher, accounting for 61.6% , proportion of males accounted for 38.4%, in the current air quality conditions Chiayi City, 1.2% of the respondents said that good , 80.0% respondents said adequate. Resulting in street dust? 100.0% of the respondents believed that the "vehicle dust "; followed by "the bare surface "(12.4%), street sweeping and washing to help improve the air quality was 96 percent of respondents , whether to support street dust washing and sweeping work, 89.2 percent of the respondents said they support.
(VII) Green urban low-carbon homes advocacy activities：
"Green urban low-carbon homes" as the theme to the Chiayi City advocate environmental awareness , in response to events , "World Environment Day" organized , the main purpose is to arouse the people to maintain awareness of the environment , and focus on energy conservation and carbon reduction, slow global warming rate, so that the implementation of the concept of environmental importance in people's lives , the hope of common interest to get more people to environmental quality. With the mobile pollution sources project handle , in 2013 at 9:00 on June 2, Chiayi City Central Plaza. Activities are divided into five dimensions, namely transport green energy action plan, industrial green energy action plan, residential and commercial green energy action plan, renewable green energy action plan and vegetation green energy action plan.
(VIII) Demonstration advocacy meetings：
In order to let people understand the purpose of washing and washing operations, effectiveness and street washing and sweeping the standard operating procedures for handling operations demonstration advocacy meeting. It was held on September 27, 2013 , in Chiayi City incinerator meeting room. Invited to the district in the long, green volunteers, cleaning teams, owners and construction contractors, road adoption enterprises, totaling 44 to participate. Street washing and sweeping through handling demonstration activities, provide washing and sweeping the street washing operations personnel to observe the correct way to sweep the streets, and to strengthen the understanding of EPA street washing and sweeping job-related specifications, to a multiplier effect, thereby reducing pollutant emissions, improve air quality and achieving a sustainable development.
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