| 英文摘要 |
Due to rapid economic development in Taiwan in the last few decades, many industrial zones and science-based industrial parks are set up. Growth in commercial and industrial sectors changes life style of Taiwanese. People own more and more cars and motorcycles and they do not cook by themselves. To satisfy the demand of food for people and fuel for vehicles, a lot of gas stations and restaurants are opened to be easily accessible. This unavoidably caused serious environmental problems and constantly induced tensions between service providers and resident in the community. Among those pleading statements to government, unpleasant odor is the most frequently cited subject. In addition to causing people uncomfortable, these odors could be hazardous to health of human being if these odors are VOC(Volatile organic compounds) or SVOC(Semi-volatile organic compound).
This plan contains the sections of gas station, catering industry, potential highly-odorous pollution sources, folk activities, and open-air combustion. Based on whether a certain gas station was ever inspected in the previous 2 years plus the volume of sales of that station, we have picked 15 gas stations and surveyed how they collected the leakage during the gas filling process. We tried to find out the connection between vehicle brand , vehicle type, fuel truck nozzle brand and gas leakage by the findings of investigation. Then the result showed that gas-oil ratio(or post treatment equipment) was the main factor of gas leakage. We also offered advices such as short-term (personnel operating habits), med-term (raise gas-oil ratio), long-term (ORVR and self-closing refueling installation) etc. to solve this problem.
We have pinpointed 30 cases in catering industry, according to the pleading statements to EPA in 2012 and 2013, to examine the facilities they were using to collect odors and smell of cooking. And evaluated 96 cases in air pollution control equipment performance. We found that TSP (Total Suspended Particles) and odors removal efficiency by electrostatic precipitator, activated carbon adsorption, or UV-Ozone system are not good. In addition, we helped EPA to investigate the difficulties and requests from every environmental protection bureau in catering industry regulations management. Develop catering industry emission standard and take the certification system experiences which from California, America and China as our reference.
We sampled the suspended particulates in the air in the events of Yanshuei Beehive Rockets Festival and Dajia Mazu Procession. We analyzed heavy metal components and micro-toxicity in these particles. Although the health risk assessment showed that heavy metal components are no acute risk, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were higher than 24 hour air quality standard over ten times. It meant there is hazardous to health in short term exposure. At the end, we should remind participants or residents to care about air pollution issues.
We got data and information from "Stationary air pollution management information system" and "Environmental enforcement management system", then collected 16 cases in potential highly-odorous pollution sources emission. We determined 12 odor concentration and 6 emission component with regard to six of sixteen cases. We also completed complementary measures such as "law basis assessment", "petition items", "control standard limitation", "odor autonomous management content" and "odor autonomous management examination guidelines".
In another working plan, we hold a conference which is about strengthening the guidance of gas station management regulations and catering industry investigative control. Collected and organized the information about folk-activity-caused air pollution improvement measures, paper money burning quantity and environmental protection worship activities by competent authority simultaneously. We also help local competent authority to collect information which include (1)plan target, (2)working items and contents, (3)schedule and checking points.
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